[ { "key": "54QLQQIF", "version": 282, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 252046, "name": "Hindu Law", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/hindu_law", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/252046/items/54QLQQIF", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/hindu_law/items/54QLQQIF", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1857425, "username": "lubint", "name": "Timothy Lubin", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/lubint", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Lubin", "parsedDate": "2019", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "54QLQQIF", "version": 282, "itemType": "bookSection", "title": "The late appearance of the Gṛhastha in the Vedic domestic ritual codes as a married religious professional", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "editor", "firstName": "Patrick", "lastName": "Olivelle" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Timothy", "lastName": "Lubin" } ], "abstractNote": "\"The contrast between a married householder and a celibate ascetic who has left home and family has been highlighted in scholarship on ancient Indian religion and culture. But this is the first volume dedicated exclusively to the study of the neglected member of this pair, the householder. Through detailed study of inscriptions and texts, it shows that the ancient Indian householder was viewed as someone dedicated to holiness, just like an ascetic. The history of thecommon Sanskrit term used for householder, gṛhastha, shows its sharp contrast to the ascetic who has left home and also points to the essential religious nature of the householder.\"", "bookTitle": "Gṛhastha: the householder in ancient Indian religious culture", "series": "", "seriesNumber": "", "volume": "", "numberOfVolumes": "", "edition": "", "date": "2019", "publisher": "Oxford University Press", "place": "New York, NY", "originalDate": "", "originalPublisher": "", "originalPlace": "", "format": "", "pages": "95-106", "ISBN": "978-0-19-069615-3", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/DHARMA/halshs-03024616v1", "accessDate": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Lubin2019_01", "language": "English", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Civilisation hindoue", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Famille -- Aspect religieux -- Inde", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Lubin2019_01" }, { "tag": "Mariage -- Aspect religieux -- Hindouisme -- Inde", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Veda -- Morale", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [ "FAN7FKBR" ], "relations": { "owl:sameAs": "http://zotero.org/groups/1633743/items/TARJRJYQ" }, "dateAdded": "2024-08-30T17:10:42Z", "dateModified": "2024-08-30T17:10:42Z" } }, { "key": "TQVVRMVI", "version": 282, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 252046, "name": "Hindu Law", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/hindu_law", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/252046/items/TQVVRMVI", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/hindu_law/items/TQVVRMVI", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1857425, "username": "lubint", "name": "Timothy Lubin", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/lubint", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Lubin", "parsedDate": "2023", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "TQVVRMVI", "version": 282, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Religious endowments in ancient India and the institutionalization of Brahmin caste status", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Timothy", "lastName": "Lubin" } ], "abstractNote": "Giving to worthy recipients has been meritorious public piety in India at least since the Mauryan empire. Most consequential were grants in perpetuity of land or capital as a ‘religious foundation’ for monks or Brahmins, conferred by means of a charter (śāsana). Grants to Brahmins typically created or supported an agrahāra, a residential enclave with attached farmland and villages, on terms analogous to those of grants to Buddhist or Jaina mendicants or monasteries. In these records (attested since the beginning of the Common Era), rulers cede their claims to certain normal obligations of subjects, such as tax revenue, compulsory labor, billeting or provisions for officers of the state, and often give the beneficiaries authority over internal legal administration. This article examines the implications of the fiscal and juridical autonomy conferred in such grants in providing state recognition and institutional support of Brahmins’ sacred status as a religious profession and a privileged caste.", "publicationTitle": "American Journal of Legal History", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2023", "volume": "63", "issue": "2", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "97-114", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Lubin2023_02", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "Zotero", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [ "FAN7FKBR" ], "relations": { "owl:sameAs": "http://zotero.org/groups/1633743/items/LYYP3YTD" }, "dateAdded": "2024-08-30T17:10:42Z", "dateModified": "2024-08-30T17:10:42Z" } }, { "key": "CWG83V5Q", "version": 282, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 252046, "name": "Hindu Law", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/hindu_law", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/252046/items/CWG83V5Q", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/hindu_law/items/CWG83V5Q", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1857425, "username": "lubint", "name": "Timothy Lubin", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/lubint", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Lubin", "parsedDate": "2023", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "CWG83V5Q", "version": 282, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Brahmin felon and the wise thief", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Timothy", "lastName": "Lubin" } ], "abstractNote": "I begin by analysing Mimamsa hermeneutics as employed in Visvarupa’s and Vijñanesvara’s commentaries on Yajñavalkya Dharmasastra 2.21, which proclaims principles for dealing with conflicts of smrti-rules, taking as an illustration the problem of self-defence against a Brahmin attacker (quoting Manava Dharmasastra 8.348–51). I then examine Bharuci’s and Medhatithi’s arguments on Manava Dharmasastra 8.314–18 (the example of the ‘wise thief’ who seeks the king’s punishment as a penance). The commentators situate the legality of the king’s interests and judicial authority in relation to Veda-based, otherworldly considerations such as sin and expiation. Punishments and penances serve different purposes, are prescribed by different authorities, and occupy distinct sections in textual sources. The case of the Brahmin felon strains the distinction: it asserts that even a Brahmin (otherwise exempt from capital punishment) may be killed if engaged in the worst crimes, but this conflicts with the rules requiring expiation for killing a Brahmin. The ‘wise thief’ is the contrived exception that proves the rule that punishment and penance are distinct; the efficacy of the act hinges on the wrong-doer’s initiative, so that the king-executioner is more instrument than agent of purification, and at his own spiritual peril. The commentators discuss these cases in terms of the relation between Dharmasastra and Arthasastra, subordinating the latter to the former.", "publicationTitle": "Religions of South Asia", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2023", "volume": "17", "issue": "1", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "44-63", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "10.1558/rosa.25455", "citationKey": "", "url": "https://shs.hal.science/halshs-04088142", "accessDate": "2023-05-04T07:03:07Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Lubin2023_01", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "shs.hal.science", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Lubin2023_01" } ], "collections": [ "FAN7FKBR" ], "relations": { "owl:sameAs": "http://zotero.org/groups/1633743/items/5PH32V6F" }, "dateAdded": "2024-08-30T17:10:42Z", "dateModified": "2024-08-30T17:10:42Z" } }, { "key": "HZ6ALYNA", "version": 282, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 252046, "name": "Hindu Law", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/hindu_law", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/252046/items/HZ6ALYNA", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/hindu_law/items/HZ6ALYNA", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1857425, "username": "lubint", "name": "Timothy Lubin", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/lubint", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Lubin", "parsedDate": "2022", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "HZ6ALYNA", "version": 282, "itemType": "bookSection", "title": "Dignity and status in ancient and medieval India", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Timothy", "lastName": "Lubin" }, { "creatorType": "editor", "firstName": "Jimmy", "lastName": "Chia-Shin Hsu" } ], "abstractNote": "Ancient and medieval India (prior to ca. 1600) produced a vast literature dealing with the nature of the human being, the proper ordering of society, and ethical and legal norms. Sanskrit sources tend to emphasize special dignities belonging tof particular statuses according to a divinely ordained class hierarchy (varṇa-dharma), but in some contexts we hear of universally shared aspects of the human condition. Ascetic and devotional movements found ways to call into question special dignities tied to ascriptive rank. Sanskrit texts on good governance and legal process formulate general standards of justice and equity that could cut across or by-passed rank. Thus, Hindu sources illustrate how ethical and legal orders find ways to compartmentalize: to recognize that all people can share basic capacities and aspirations does not automatically sweep the field clear of status dignity. This essay draws on Jeremy Waldron’s concept of human dignity as a status claim that “levels up” by attributing to all people a dignity once reserved for a privileged few. We note Hindu examples of a similar approach, as well as examples of “leveling down” by pointing out the hypocrisy of elites while extolling the virtues of which the lowly are capable.", "bookTitle": "Human dignity in Asia: Dialogue between law and culture", "series": "", "seriesNumber": "", "volume": "", "numberOfVolumes": "", "edition": "", "date": "2022", "publisher": "Cambridge University Press", "place": "", "originalDate": "", "originalPublisher": "", "originalPlace": "", "format": "", "pages": "285-307", "ISBN": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "https://shs.hal.science/halshs-03814420", "accessDate": "2023-05-03T13:23:33Z", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Lubin2022_01", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "hal.science", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Lubin2022_01" } ], "collections": [ "FAN7FKBR" ], "relations": { "owl:sameAs": "http://zotero.org/groups/1633743/items/U8GD6Q9J" }, "dateAdded": "2024-08-30T17:10:42Z", "dateModified": "2024-08-30T17:10:42Z" } }, { "key": "G3QVE9TN", "version": 281, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 252046, "name": "Hindu Law", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/hindu_law", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/252046/items/G3QVE9TN", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/hindu_law/items/G3QVE9TN", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1857425, "username": "lubint", "name": "Timothy Lubin", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/lubint", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Riccardi", "parsedDate": "1977", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "G3QVE9TN", "version": 281, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "The royal edicts of King Rama Shah of Gorkha", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Theodore", "lastName": "Riccardi" } ], "abstractNote": "", "publicationTitle": "Kailash: A Journal of Himalayan Studies", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "1977", "volume": "5", "issue": "1", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "29-65", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "10/227360", "citationKey": "", "url": "https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/227360", "accessDate": "2020-11-28T14:53:18Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "www.repository.cam.ac.uk", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "Accepted: 2010-11-24T15:59:18Z", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2020-11-28T14:53:30Z", "dateModified": "2022-08-15T01:02:37Z" } }, { "key": "RLZ5UHKD", "version": 280, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 252046, "name": "Hindu Law", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/hindu_law", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/252046/items/RLZ5UHKD", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/hindu_law/items/RLZ5UHKD", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1857425, "username": "lubint", "name": "Timothy Lubin", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/lubint", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Pant", "parsedDate": "2008", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "RLZ5UHKD", "version": 280, "itemType": "book", "title": "Nyāyavikāsinī: mānavanyāyaśāstra. Rājā Jayasthiti Malladvāra Nepālasaṃvat 500 (Vikramasaṃvat 1436, san 1380) mā jārī kānūna", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Dineśrāj", "lastName": "Pant" } ], "abstractNote": "", "series": "", "seriesNumber": "", "volume": "", "numberOfVolumes": "", "edition": "", "date": "2008 [2065 VS]", "publisher": "Kānūna Vyavasāyī Klaba", "place": "Kathmandu", "originalDate": "", "originalPublisher": "", "originalPlace": "", "format": "", "numPages": "", "ISBN": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2022-08-14T19:59:20Z", "dateModified": "2022-08-14T20:01:21Z" } }, { "key": "KGUHGI3C", "version": 272, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 252046, "name": "Hindu Law", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/hindu_law", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/252046/items/KGUHGI3C", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/hindu_law/items/KGUHGI3C", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1857425, "username": "lubint", "name": "Timothy Lubin", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/lubint", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Wezler", "parsedDate": "1985", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "KGUHGI3C", "version": 272, "itemType": "bookSection", "title": "Dharma und Deśadharma", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Albrecht", "lastName": "Wezler" }, { "creatorType": "editor", "firstName": "Hermann", "lastName": "Kulke" }, { "creatorType": "editor", "firstName": "Dieter", "lastName": "Rothermund" } ], "abstractNote": "", "bookTitle": "Regionale Traditionen in Südasien", "series": "", "seriesNumber": "", "volume": "", "numberOfVolumes": "", "edition": "", "date": "1985", "publisher": "Franz Steiner Verlag", "place": "Stuttgart", "originalDate": "", "originalPublisher": "", "originalPlace": "", "format": "", "pages": "1-22", "ISBN": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "German", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2022-08-14T17:52:07Z", "dateModified": "2022-08-14T17:55:06Z" } }, { "key": "A8GBGSR6", "version": 259, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 252046, "name": "Hindu Law", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/hindu_law", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/252046/items/A8GBGSR6", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/hindu_law/items/A8GBGSR6", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1829596, "username": "amersss", "name": "Amy Hyne", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/amersss", "type": "text/html" } } }, "lastModifiedByUser": { "id": 1857425, "username": "lubint", "name": "Timothy Lubin", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/lubint", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Höfer", "parsedDate": "2004", "numChildren": 2 }, "data": { "key": "A8GBGSR6", "version": 259, "itemType": "book", "title": "The caste hierarchy and the state in Nepal: a study of the Muluki Ain of 1854", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "András", "lastName": "Höfer" } ], "abstractNote": "", "series": "", "seriesNumber": "", "volume": "", "numberOfVolumes": "", "edition": "2", "date": "2004 [1979]", "publisher": "Himal Books", "place": "Kathmandu", "originalDate": "", "originalPublisher": "", "originalPlace": "", "format": "", "numPages": "", "ISBN": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "With an introduction by Prayag Raj Sharma", "tags": [ { "tag": "Caste" }, { "tag": "Hindu law" } ], "collections": [ "FAN7FKBR" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-03-04T16:08:52Z", "dateModified": "2022-08-13T18:01:57Z" } }, { "key": "X2XEP7VI", "version": 257, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 252046, "name": "Hindu Law", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/hindu_law", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/252046/items/X2XEP7VI", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/hindu_law/items/X2XEP7VI", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1829596, "username": "amersss", "name": "Amy Hyne", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/amersss", "type": "text/html" } } }, "lastModifiedByUser": { "id": 1857425, "username": "lubint", "name": "Timothy Lubin", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/lubint", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Michaels", "parsedDate": "2005", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "X2XEP7VI", "version": 257, "itemType": "book", "title": "The price of purity: The religious judge in 19th century Nepal. Containing the edition and translation of the chapters on the dharmādhikārin in two (Mulukī) Ains", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Axel", "lastName": "Michaels" }, { "creatorType": "editor", "firstName": "Oscar", "lastName": "Botto" } ], "abstractNote": "", "series": "Corpus Juris Sancriticum et fontes iuris Asiae Meridianae et Centralis", "seriesNumber": "6", "volume": "", "numberOfVolumes": "", "edition": "", "date": "2005", "publisher": "CESMEO", "place": "Torino", "originalDate": "", "originalPublisher": "", "originalPlace": "", "format": "", "numPages": "", "ISBN": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Hindu Law—Sources" }, { "tag": "Hindu law" } ], "collections": [ "FAN7FKBR" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-03-04T16:08:52Z", "dateModified": "2022-07-26T17:50:18Z" } }, { "key": "CXZKEWVP", "version": 256, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 252046, "name": "Hindu Law", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/hindu_law", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/252046/items/CXZKEWVP", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/hindu_law/items/CXZKEWVP", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1857425, "username": "lubint", "name": "Timothy Lubin", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/lubint", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Olivelle", "parsedDate": "2019", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "CXZKEWVP", "version": 256, "itemType": "book", "title": "Gṛhastha: the householder in ancient Indian religious culture", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "editor", "firstName": "Patrick", "lastName": "Olivelle" } ], "abstractNote": "For scholars of ancient Indian religions, the wandering mendicants who left home and family for a celibate life and the search for liberation represent an enigma. The Vedic religion, centered on the married household, had no place for such a figure. Much has been written about the Indian ascetic but hardly any scholarly attention has been paid to the married householder with wife and children, generally referred to in Sanskrit as gṛhastha: \"the stay-at-home.\" The institution of the householder is viewed implicitly as posing little historical problems with regard to its origin or meaning. This volume problematizes the figure of the householder within ancient Indian culture and religion. It shows that the term gṛhastha is a neologism and is understandable only in its opposition to the ascetic who goes away from home (pravrajita). Through a thorough and comprehensive analysis of a wide range of inscriptions and texts, ranging from the Vedas, Dharmasastras, Epics, and belle lettres to Buddhist and Jain texts and texts on governance and erotics, this volume analyses the meanings, functions, and roles of the householder from the earliest times unti about the fifth century CE. The central finding of these studies is that the householder bearing the name gṛhastha is not simply a married man with a family but someone dedicated to the same or similar goals as an ascetic while remaining at home and performing the economic and ritual duties incumbent on him. The gṛhastha is thus not a generic householder, for whom there are many other Sanskrit terms, but a religiously charged concept that is intended as a full-fledged and even superior alternative to the concept of a religious renouncer.", "series": "", "seriesNumber": "", "volume": "", "numberOfVolumes": "", "edition": "", "date": "2019", "publisher": "Oxford University Press", "place": "Oxford", "originalDate": "", "originalPublisher": "", "originalPlace": "", "format": "", "numPages": "288", "ISBN": "978-0-19-069615-3", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Gṛhastha", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "Oxford University Press", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [ "FAN7FKBR" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2021-10-17T12:40:05Z", "dateModified": "2021-12-19T16:41:56Z" } }, { "key": "D725SZKA", "version": 254, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 252046, "name": 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"series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.asiainstitutetorino.it/Indologica/volumes/vol33/05_Lubin.pdf", "accessDate": "2021-10-16T22:02:40Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "1023-3881", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Punishment and Expiation", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [ "FAN7FKBR" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2021-10-16T22:02:40Z", "dateModified": "2021-11-12T02:02:08Z" } }, { "key": "TIFFRZDF", "version": 230, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 252046, "name": "Hindu Law", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/hindu_law", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/252046/items/TIFFRZDF", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/hindu_law/items/TIFFRZDF", "type": "text/html" 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"abstractNote": "", "bookTitle": "Hinduism and Law: An Introduction", "series": "", "seriesNumber": "", "volume": "", "numberOfVolumes": "", "edition": "", "date": "2010", "publisher": "Cambridge UP", "place": "Cambridge", "originalDate": "", "originalPublisher": "", "originalPlace": "", "format": "", "pages": "17-27", "ISBN": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "English", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Dharmaśāstra" }, { "tag": "Hindu law" }, { "tag": "History" } ], "collections": [ "FAN7FKBR" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-03-04T19:49:32Z", "dateModified": "2021-11-11T19:27:43Z" } }, { "key": "EZ233GXT", "version": 228, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 252046, "name": "Hindu Law", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/hindu_law", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": 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Documents from Nepal and India", "series": "Documenta Nepalica", "seriesNumber": "1", "volume": "", "numberOfVolumes": "", "edition": "", "date": "2018", "publisher": "Heidelberg University Publishing", "place": "Heidelberg", "originalDate": "", "originalPublisher": "", "originalPlace": "", "format": "", "pages": "37–84", "ISBN": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "https://books.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/index.php/heiup/catalog/book/331/c4128", "accessDate": "2021-10-16T21:30:58Z", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Towards a South Asian Diplomatics", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "DOI.org (Datacite)", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [ "FAN7FKBR" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2021-10-16T21:30:59Z", "dateModified": "2021-11-11T19:27:10Z" } }, { "key": "YFNPIYKQ", "version": 283, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 252046, "name": "Hindu Law", "links": { "alternate": { "href": 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"Explaining what made ancient Greek law unusual, Michael Gagarin observes that most premodern legal cultures “wrote extensive sets (or codes) of laws for academic purposes or propaganda but these were not intended to be accessible to most members of the community and had relatively little effect on the actual operation of the legal system.” This article addresses the implications of writing for customary or regional law in South and Southeast Asia. The textual tradition of Dharmaśāstra (“Hindu law”), which canonizes a particular model of Brahmin customary norms, can certainly be called a “scholarly” exercise, and it was also intended as propaganda for the Brahmanical cosmopolitan world order. But it also formulated a procedural principle to recognize the general validity of other, even divergent, customary norms, though for the most part such rules remained lex non scripta. On the other hand, inscriptions provide evidence that writing was used for diverse legal purposes and offers glimpses of actual legal practice. In these records, customary laws are sometimes laid down as statutes by decree of a ruler or community body, or are simply invoked as long-established customary rules. But even when Dharmaśāstra texts are not directly cited, their influence over the longue durée is discernable in the persistence of śāstric legal categories and terms of art. This influence is even more evident in Java, where legal codes on the Dharmaśāstra model were composed in Javanese, and where the inscriptions came to exhibit a closer connection with śāstric discourse than is found in India.", "publicationTitle": "Journal of the American Oriental Society", "publisher": "American Oriental Society", "place": "", "date": "2015", "volume": "135", "issue": "2", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "225-259", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "10.7817/jameroriesoci.135.2.225", "citationKey": "", "url": "https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.7817/jameroriesoci.135.2.225", "accessDate": "2021-10-16T21:47:29Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0003-0279", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "JSTOR", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [ "FAN7FKBR" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2021-10-16T21:47:29Z", "dateModified": "2021-11-11T19:26:42Z" } }, { "key": "K377X7SM", "version": 283, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 252046, "name": "Hindu Law", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/hindu_law", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/252046/items/K377X7SM", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/hindu_law/items/K377X7SM", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1857425, "username": "lubint", "name": "Timothy Lubin", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/lubint", "type": "text/html" } } }, "lastModifiedByUser": { "id": 1899251, "username": "flodes", "name": "Florinda De Simini", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/flodes", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Lubin", "parsedDate": "2017", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "K377X7SM", "version": 283, "itemType": "bookSection", "title": "Daily duties: āhnika", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Timothy", "lastName": "Lubin" } ], "abstractNote": "This chapter shows that, just as initiation and training in Veda were being promoted as prerequisites for a life of Ārya piety according to varṇāśrama-dharma, some of the student’s or snātaka’s elaborate standards of bodily purification were made to apply to the ordinary householder as well, constituting that status as an āśrama, that is, as a formal “religious profession.” Those purity norms, together with the basic duties to recite and make offerings (even notional, semi-interiorized offerings), come to be taught as the “minimum daily requirements” of any Ārya householder. This trend crystalizes as a distinct rubric only in post-fifth-century CE Dharmaśāstra works. Included in the list are śauca (ablutions after defecation and urination), ācamana (sipping water), dantadhāvana (tooth cleaning), snāna (bathing), tarpaṇa (satiating the ancestors with libations of water), saṃdhyā or saṃdhyopāsana (worship at the twilights) homa (fire offering), and japa (mantra recitation).", "bookTitle": "The Oxford History of Hinduism: Hindu Law", "series": "", "seriesNumber": "", "volume": "", "numberOfVolumes": "", "edition": "", "date": "2017", "publisher": "Oxford University Press", "place": "Oxford", "originalDate": "", "originalPublisher": "", "originalPlace": "", "format": "", "pages": "", "ISBN": "978-0-19-870260-3", "DOI": "10.1093/oso/9780198702603.003.0014", "citationKey": "", "url": "https://oxford.universitypressscholarship.com/10.1093/oso/9780198702603.001.0001/oso-9780198702603-chapter-14", "accessDate": "2021-10-17T12:20:23Z", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Daily Duties", "language": "eng", "libraryCatalog": "University Press Scholarship", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "ablution", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "ancestor worship", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "bathing", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "mahāyajña", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "recitation", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "ritual duties", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "saṃdhyā worship", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "āhnika", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [ "FAN7FKBR" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2021-10-17T12:20:24Z", "dateModified": "2021-11-11T19:26:14Z" } }, { "key": "ALLWBIZR", "version": 283, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 252046, "name": "Hindu Law", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/hindu_law", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/252046/items/ALLWBIZR", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/hindu_law/items/ALLWBIZR", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1857425, "username": "lubint", "name": "Timothy Lubin", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/lubint", "type": "text/html" } } }, "lastModifiedByUser": { "id": 1899251, "username": "flodes", "name": "Florinda De Simini", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/flodes", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Lubin", "parsedDate": "2017", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "ALLWBIZR", "version": 283, "itemType": "bookSection", "title": "The Vedic graduate: snātaka", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Timothy", "lastName": "Lubin" } ], "abstractNote": "This chapter reconstructs the way the concept of the Vedic graduate (snātaka) changed during the formulation of the doctrine of varṇāśramadharma in early Dharmaśāstra. With the introduction of the doctrine that Vedic study should be a necessary prerequisite to Ārya marriage and householder status of the three higher social classes (varṇas), the formerly elite status of one who has completed the rigors of the brahmacarya regimen of study becomes notionally applicable to a wider range of males, including those with only basic or even token training in Veda. This is evident in the way the snātaka rules are interwoven in the chapter on householder dharma in the Mānavadharmaśāstra. But in this newer system, the snātaka, and the elaborate rules and honors applicable to him, come to signify a specially learned and disciplined Brahmin, and not merely any householder who had duly undergone the Vedic initiation that conferred Ārya status.", "bookTitle": "The Oxford History of Hinduism: Hindu Law", "series": "", "seriesNumber": "", "volume": "", "numberOfVolumes": "", "edition": "", "date": "2017", "publisher": "Oxford University Press", "place": "Oxford", "originalDate": "", "originalPublisher": "", "originalPlace": "", "format": "", "pages": "", "ISBN": "978-0-19-870260-3", "DOI": "10.1093/oso/9780198702603.003.0009", "citationKey": "", "url": "https://oxford.universitypressscholarship.com/10.1093/oso/9780198702603.001.0001/oso-9780198702603-chapter-9", "accessDate": "2021-10-17T12:20:21Z", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "The Vedic Graduate", "language": "eng", "libraryCatalog": "University Press Scholarship", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Veda", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "brahmacarya", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "discipline", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "graduate", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "householder", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "snātaka", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "vrata", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [ "FAN7FKBR" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2021-10-17T12:20:30Z", "dateModified": "2021-11-11T19:26:01Z" } }, { "key": "QTUYBE5S", "version": 283, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 252046, "name": "Hindu Law", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/hindu_law", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/252046/items/QTUYBE5S", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/hindu_law/items/QTUYBE5S", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1857425, "username": "lubint", "name": "Timothy Lubin", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/lubint", "type": "text/html" } } }, "lastModifiedByUser": { "id": 1899251, "username": "flodes", "name": "Florinda De Simini", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/flodes", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Lubin", "parsedDate": "2017", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "QTUYBE5S", "version": 283, "itemType": "bookSection", "title": "The Vedic student: brahmacārin", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Timothy", "lastName": "Lubin" } ], "abstractNote": "This chapter examines the form and purpose of the Vedic studentship, and the special importance that came to be attached to it as Brahmins sought to reposition their tradition as a basis for establishing religious and legal norms for society. 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The initiation into this observance, symbolically a rebirth through the Veda, becomes in fact the marker of Ārya social status and it provides a template for a multitude of other similar expiatory or supererogatory regimens that structure the life of Smārta Brahmanical piety.", "bookTitle": "The Oxford History of Hinduism: Hindu Law", "series": "", "seriesNumber": "", "volume": "", "numberOfVolumes": "", "edition": "", "date": "2017", "publisher": "Oxford University Press", "place": "Oxford", "originalDate": "", "originalPublisher": "", "originalPlace": "", "format": "", "pages": "", "ISBN": "978-0-19-870260-3", "DOI": "10.1093/oso/9780198702603.003.0008", "citationKey": "", "url": "https://oxford.universitypressscholarship.com/10.1093/oso/9780198702603.001.0001/oso-9780198702603-chapter-8", "accessDate": "2021-10-17T12:20:17Z", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "The Vedic Student", "language": "eng", "libraryCatalog": "University Press Scholarship", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Veda study", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "ascetic(ism)", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "brahmacarya", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "chastity", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "initiation", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "upanayana", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "vow", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [ "FAN7FKBR" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2021-10-17T12:20:18Z", "dateModified": "2021-11-11T19:25:43Z" } }, { "key": "BPCZZS4T", "version": 223, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 252046, "name": "Hindu Law", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/hindu_law", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/252046/items/BPCZZS4T", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/hindu_law/items/BPCZZS4T", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/252046/items/4U9M3BCV", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1829596, "username": "amersss", "name": "Amy Hyne", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/amersss", "type": "text/html" } } }, "lastModifiedByUser": { "id": 1857425, "username": "lubint", "name": "Timothy Lubin", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/lubint", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "BPCZZS4T", "version": 223, "parentItem": "4U9M3BCV", "itemType": "note", "note": "

This article concerns a jayapattra (record of a legal victory) issued in Mithila (Tirhut principality) on 10 June 1794 during the reign of Madhu Singh (r. 1775-1807). The document records the judgment of the praḍvivāka (chief judge) in a dispute over ownership of a slave-woman. The plaintiff sued for restoration of the slave-woman by the defendant, who claimed title. The plaintiff's case was deemed weak by his failing to appear at hearings and his being able to produce only one witness. His petition for a divine judgment (by ordeal, supervised by a Brahmin pundit) was denied by the judges on the grounds that there should be no recourse to ordeals when documentary \"title-by-enjoyment\" (viz. 100 years' continuous and unchallenged possession by the defendant's family) existed (citing thereto a verse from Kātyāyana). The use and format of a jayapattra are defined in medieval Dharmaśāstra works, but actual exemplars are extremely rare. This one conforms very closely to scholastic models, including the explicit quotation of scriptural authorities on several points. Jayaswal regards Mithila as a good potential source of such records because this region had maintained semi-autonomous Hindu rule throughout the Mughal period; he assumed that functional Hindu legal institutions would thus have survived. The article contains a reproduction, edition, and translation of the document itself, as well as a summary of its contents and historical background for Mithila. Jayaswal regards the document as one of the last instances of a formal Hindu legal ruling prior to the establishment of the East India Company's court system in Tirhut around the time that Madhu Singh finally accepted British authority (ca. 1800). It may be doubted, however, whether this and similar jayapattras from Mithila in this era simply represent a survival of earlier practice, or rather an innovative and self-conscious adoption of a scholastically defined model in an era of Hindu self-assertion in the face of waning Muslim power and rising British authority. Jayaswal, in his annotations to the translation, is at pains to apply modern juristic terminology to the process described in the jayapattra, finding there instances of 'adjournments', 'default', and 'retrial'. --Timothy Lubin

", "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-03-04T16:08:52Z", "dateModified": "2021-11-11T19:24:29Z" } } ]