[ { "key": "3MXE7575", "version": 5, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 249095, "name": "Session", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/session", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/249095/items/3MXE7575", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/session/items/3MXE7575", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/249095/items/8K8784II", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1272888, "username": "mhaworth", "name": "Max Haworth", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/mhaworth", "type": "text/html" } } } }, "data": { "key": "3MXE7575", "version": 5, "parentItem": "8K8784II", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "linked_url", "title": "Full Text PDF", "accessDate": "2013-10-26T01:12:41Z", "url": "http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/09644010902823717", "note": "", "contentType": "application/pdf", "charset": "", "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-02-16T23:42:54Z", "dateModified": "2014-02-16T23:42:54Z" } }, { "key": "8K8784II", "version": 5, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 249095, "name": "Session", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/session", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/249095/items/8K8784II", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/session/items/8K8784II", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1272888, "username": "mhaworth", "name": "Max Haworth", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/mhaworth", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Clapp and Swanston", "parsedDate": "2009", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "8K8784II", "version": 5, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Doing away with plastic shopping bags: international patterns of norm emergence and policy implementation", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Jennifer", "lastName": "Clapp" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Linda", "lastName": "Swanston" } ], "abstractNote": "The rapid and widespread emergence of an anti-plastic shopping bag norm and associated regulatory policies around the world in recent years forces a rethinking of current understandings of norm dynamics and policy implementation. The patterns of this movement are explored and characterised as a South to North, non-networked and multi-scalar series of events that together represent a globally significant emergence of a new environmental norm. It also shows that differences in policy outcomes as a response to this norm in different countries and at different jurisdictional levels are in many ways linked to the influence of material interests in the interpretation of the norm into policy. These variations in domestic norm interpretation in turn influence international norm dynamics.", "publicationTitle": "Environmental Politics", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2009", "volume": "18", "issue": "3", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "315-332", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "10.1080/09644010902823717", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09644010902823717", "accessDate": "2013-10-26T01:12:41Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0964-4016", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Doing away with plastic shopping bags", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "Taylor and Francis+NEJM", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-02-16T23:42:54Z", "dateModified": "2014-02-16T23:42:54Z" } }, { "key": "DASTJDKQ", "version": 4, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 249095, "name": "Session", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/session", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/249095/items/DASTJDKQ", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/session/items/DASTJDKQ", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/249095/items/63MZWS7V", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1272888, "username": "mhaworth", "name": "Max Haworth", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/mhaworth", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "DASTJDKQ", "version": 4, "parentItem": "63MZWS7V", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "imported_url", "title": "JSTOR Full Text PDF", "accessDate": "2013-10-25T23:49:05Z", "url": "http://www.jstor.org/stable/pdfplus/799987.pdf?acceptTC=true", "note": "", "contentType": "application/pdf", "charset": "", "filename": "Blumberg - 1974 - The Decline and Fall of the Status Symbol Some Th.pdf", "md5": "d5d0b5bcd733836923a7f85effe683bb", "mtime": 1392594142000, "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-02-16T23:42:21Z", "dateModified": "2014-02-16T23:42:21Z" } }, { "key": "63MZWS7V", "version": 3, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 249095, "name": "Session", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/session", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/249095/items/63MZWS7V", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/session/items/63MZWS7V", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1272888, "username": "mhaworth", "name": "Max Haworth", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/mhaworth", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Blumberg", "parsedDate": "1974-04-01", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "63MZWS7V", "version": 3, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "The Decline and Fall of the Status Symbol: Some Thoughts on Status in a Post-Industrial Society", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Paul", "lastName": "Blumberg" } ], "abstractNote": "One characteristic of so-called post-industrial societies is the decline of material scarcity. Although great inequalities of wealth and income persist in American society, since World War II there has been a secular decline of poverty and an increase in material abundance. If this continues, it will ultimately destroy the customary status symbols of American society because such symbols--to be operative--must be scarce as well as desirable. Paradoxically, as abundance increases, the social importance of material things may diminish; thus, as American society becomes more materialistic, it may very well become less materialistic. Besides affluence, other developments are undermining the strength of conventional status symbols: social-class passing, status disguises, the environmental movement, and more. The usefulness of the concept of status itself in an urban setting must be called into question, as well as the so-called \"trickle effect\" in fashion. Finally, arguing that status symbols may be altered but never abolished, this analysis offers some hypotheses on the direction such symbols may take in the future.", "publicationTitle": "Social Problems", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "April 1, 1974", "volume": "21", "issue": "4", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "480-498", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Social Problems", "DOI": "10.2307/799987", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.jstor.org/stable/799987", "accessDate": "2013-10-25T23:49:05Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0037-7791", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "The Decline and Fall of the Status Symbol", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "JSTOR", "callNumber": "", "rights": "Copyright © 1974 University of California Press", "extra": "ArticleType: research-article / Full publication date: Apr., 1974 / Copyright © 1974 University of California Press", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-02-16T23:42:21Z", "dateModified": "2014-02-16T23:42:21Z" } }, { "key": "SQW8BGTZ", "version": 4, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 249095, "name": "Session", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/session", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/249095/items/SQW8BGTZ", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/session/items/SQW8BGTZ", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/249095/items/E6H3G4RT", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1272888, "username": "mhaworth", "name": "Max Haworth", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/mhaworth", "type": "text/html" } } } }, "data": { "key": "SQW8BGTZ", "version": 4, "parentItem": "E6H3G4RT", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "imported_url", "title": "Snapshot", "accessDate": "2013-04-17T15:03:08Z", "url": "http://researcharchive.vuw.ac.nz/handle/10063/571", "note": "", "contentType": "text/html", "charset": "utf-8", "filename": "571.html", "md5": "dc41bac6c4202c17f63c4f642e150d36", "mtime": 1392594138000, "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-02-16T23:42:18Z", "dateModified": "2014-02-16T23:42:18Z" } }, { "key": "E6H3G4RT", "version": 3, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 249095, "name": "Session", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/session", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/249095/items/E6H3G4RT", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/session/items/E6H3G4RT", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1272888, "username": "mhaworth", "name": "Max Haworth", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/mhaworth", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Tough", "parsedDate": "2007", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "E6H3G4RT", "version": 3, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Plastic Shopping Bags: Environmental Impacts and Policy Options", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Rhian", "lastName": "Tough" } ], "abstractNote": "Due to public concern over the environmental impacts of plastic shopping bags many countries, states, towns and councils are implementing measures to address their use.While a number of individual retailers in New Zealand have taken steps to reduce plastic bag consumption, there has been limited national or regional government action to address plastic shopping bag use. While other countries have favoured economic instruments, such as Ireland's \"PlasTax\", under a cost benefit analysis research has identified that all policy interventions are cost inefficient.1\nThis thesis uses a mixed comparative approach to investigate the environmental impacts of plastic shopping bags and consumption patterns, in relation to international practice, alternatives to plastic shopping bag, and policy options.\nThe mixed comparative approach used in this research is a combination of the philosophies underlying cost benefit analysis, sustainable development, triple bottom line reporting, case studies and policy analysis. Voluntary actions are\nidentified as the least costly option, but achieve smaller reductions in plastic shopping bag use. In contrast regulatory actions are more likely to achieve greater reductions in plastic bag use, but are costly and have less public and political \nacceptance. Economic instruments while achieving modest to high reductions in plastic shopping bag use, are moderately costly, and also face acceptance and implementation constraints. However, due to strong public pressure for government intervention, and potential implications for future climate change and sustainability initiatives, it is suggested that economic instruments and regulatory options are the most likely choices for government policies to address plastic shopping bags.", "publicationTitle": "", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2007", "volume": "", "issue": "", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://researcharchive.vuw.ac.nz/handle/10063/571", "accessDate": "2013-04-17T15:03:08Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Plastic Shopping Bags", "language": "en_NZ", "libraryCatalog": "researcharchive.vuw.ac.nz", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Degradable plastic", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Environmental policy", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Plastic bags", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-02-16T23:42:18Z", "dateModified": "2014-02-16T23:42:18Z" } }, { "key": "N5D696FB", "version": 4, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 249095, "name": "Session", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/session", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/249095/items/N5D696FB", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/session/items/N5D696FB", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/249095/items/HC96AA3U", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1272888, "username": "mhaworth", "name": "Max Haworth", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/mhaworth", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "N5D696FB", "version": 4, "parentItem": "HC96AA3U", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "imported_url", "title": "Full Text PDF", "accessDate": "2013-10-10T00:40:20Z", "url": "http://abs.sagepub.com/content/43/4/581.full.pdf", "note": "", "contentType": "application/pdf", "charset": "", "filename": "Pellow - 2000 - Environmental Inequality Formation Toward a Theory.pdf", "md5": "dd3ea50b5406dad2c5c440d880ec4dc3", "mtime": 1392594124000, "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-02-16T23:42:04Z", "dateModified": "2014-02-16T23:42:04Z" } }, { "key": "JBGCC7MQ", "version": 4, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 249095, "name": "Session", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/session", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/249095/items/JBGCC7MQ", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/session/items/JBGCC7MQ", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/249095/items/HC96AA3U", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1272888, "username": "mhaworth", "name": "Max Haworth", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/mhaworth", "type": "text/html" } } } }, "data": { "key": "JBGCC7MQ", "version": 4, "parentItem": "HC96AA3U", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "imported_url", "title": "Snapshot", "accessDate": "2013-10-10T00:40:20Z", "url": "http://abs.sagepub.com/content/43/4/581.short", "note": "", "contentType": "text/html", "charset": "utf-8", "filename": "581.html", "md5": "f447ecb8cd1334be7118d9349d0cb52a", "mtime": 1392594125000, "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-02-16T23:42:04Z", "dateModified": "2014-02-16T23:42:04Z" } }, { "key": "HC96AA3U", "version": 3, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 249095, "name": "Session", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/session", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/249095/items/HC96AA3U", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/session/items/HC96AA3U", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1272888, "username": "mhaworth", "name": "Max Haworth", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/mhaworth", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Pellow", "parsedDate": "2000-01-01", "numChildren": 2 }, "data": { "key": "HC96AA3U", "version": 3, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Environmental Inequality Formation Toward a Theory of Environmental Injustice", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "David N.", "lastName": "Pellow" } ], "abstractNote": "There are a number of conceptual, theoretical, and methodological issues in the literature on environmental justice and environmental inequalities in need of refinement. Using data from the recycling industry, the author proposes an environmental inequality formation (EIF) perspective to address these issues. The EIF perspective synthesizes three major points that are largely neglected in research on environmental inequalities: (a) the importance of process and history, (b) the role of multiple stakeholder relationships, and (c) a life-cycle approach to the study of hazards. The EIF model captures sociological dynamics in ways that suggest that environmental racism and inequalities originate and emerge in a much more complex process than previously considered. Theory building in this area of research will aid scholars in understanding the mechanisms that produce environmental inequalities as well as their socioenvironmental consequences.", "publicationTitle": "American Behavioral Scientist", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "01/01/2000", "volume": "43", "issue": "4", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "581-601", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "American Behavioral Scientist", "DOI": "10.1177/0002764200043004004", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://abs.sagepub.com/content/43/4/581", "accessDate": "2013-10-10T00:40:20Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0002-7642, 1552-3381", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "abs.sagepub.com", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-02-16T23:42:04Z", "dateModified": "2014-02-16T23:42:04Z" } }, { "key": "AEPD4BH2", "version": 2, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 249095, "name": "Session", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/session", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/249095/items/AEPD4BH2", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/session/items/AEPD4BH2", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/249095/items/EA9TN5EI", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1272888, "username": "mhaworth", "name": "Max Haworth", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/mhaworth", "type": "text/html" } } } }, "data": { "key": "AEPD4BH2", "version": 2, "parentItem": "EA9TN5EI", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "linked_url", "title": "EBSCO Record", "accessDate": "2013-03-20T01:30:25Z", "url": "https://login.watzekpx.lclark.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=a9h&AN=78583168&site=ehost-live&scope=site&scope=cite", "note": "", "contentType": "text/html", "charset": "", "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-02-16T23:41:44Z", "dateModified": "2014-02-16T23:41:44Z" } }, { "key": "EA9TN5EI", "version": 2, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 249095, "name": "Session", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/session", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/249095/items/EA9TN5EI", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/session/items/EA9TN5EI", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1272888, "username": "mhaworth", "name": "Max Haworth", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/mhaworth", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Vannela", "parsedDate": "2012-08-07", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "EA9TN5EI", "version": 2, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Are We \"Digging Our Own Grave\" Under the Oceans?", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Raveender", "lastName": "Vannela" } ], "abstractNote": "The article discusses the threat that plastic debris in marine environments poses to life on earth. Topics include the estimated amount of plastic debris produced annually that ends up in the world's oceans, the expansion of the Great Pacific Garbage Patch, which is an area of intense ocean currents in the Pacific Ocean that accumulates marine debris, and the ecological impact of marine debris on benthic organisms. Also discussed is the allocation of resources to identify pollution sources, compounding effects of El Nino, and the threat of plastic marine debris to earth's entire food chain. The importance of focusing on socio-economic impacts, awareness, and education programs to reduce marine plastic debris is presented.", "publicationTitle": "Environmental Science & Technology", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "August 7, 2012", "volume": "46", "issue": "15", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "7932-7933", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Environmental Science & Technology", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0013936X", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "EBSCOhost", "callNumber": "78583168", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "EL Nino Current", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "ENVIRONMENTAL aspects", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "FOOD chains (Ecology)", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "HUMAN ecology", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "MARINE food chain", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "MARINE organisms -- Effect of water pollution on", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "PLASTIC marine debris", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "PLASTIC scrap", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "PLASTICS -- Environmental aspects", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "SOCIOECONOMICS", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-02-16T23:41:44Z", "dateModified": "2014-02-16T23:41:44Z" } }, { "key": "CPRHQB8C", "version": 4, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 249095, "name": "Session", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/session", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/249095/items/CPRHQB8C", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/session/items/CPRHQB8C", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/249095/items/KZRQ6QWX", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1272888, "username": "mhaworth", "name": "Max Haworth", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/mhaworth", "type": "text/html" } } } }, "data": { "key": "CPRHQB8C", "version": 4, "parentItem": "KZRQ6QWX", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "imported_url", "title": "ScienceDirect Snapshot", "accessDate": "2013-03-20T01:03:54Z", "url": "http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0025326X0100114X", "note": "", "contentType": "text/html", "charset": "utf-8", "filename": "S0025326X0100114X.html", "md5": "e77450459340ffa80438c63f5211d3ab", "mtime": 1392594097000, "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-02-16T23:41:37Z", "dateModified": "2014-02-16T23:41:37Z" } }, { "key": "KZRQ6QWX", "version": 2, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 249095, "name": "Session", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/session", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/249095/items/KZRQ6QWX", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/session/items/KZRQ6QWX", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1272888, "username": "mhaworth", "name": "Max Haworth", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/mhaworth", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Moore et al.", "parsedDate": "2001-12", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "KZRQ6QWX", "version": 2, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "A Comparison of Plastic and Plankton in the North Pacific Central Gyre", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "C.J", "lastName": "Moore" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "S.L", "lastName": "Moore" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "M.K", "lastName": "Leecaster" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "S.B", "lastName": "Weisberg" } ], "abstractNote": "The potential for ingestion of plastic particles by open ocean filter feeders was assessed by measuring the relative abundance and mass of neustonic plastic and zooplankton in surface waters under the central atmospheric high-pressure cells of the North Pacific Ocean. Neuston samples were collected at 11 random sites, using a manta trawl lined with 333 u mesh. The abundance and mass of neustonic plastic was the largest recorded anywhere in the Pacific Ocean at 334 271 pieces km2 and 5114 g km2, respectively. Plankton abundance was approximately five times higher than that of plastic, but the mass of plastic was approximately six times that of plankton. The most frequently sampled types of identifiable plastic were thin films, polypropylene/monofilament line and unidentified plastic, most of which were miscellaneous fragments. Cumulatively, these three types accounted for 98% of the total number of plastic pieces.", "publicationTitle": "Marine Pollution Bulletin", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "December 2001", "volume": "42", "issue": "12", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "1297-1300", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Marine Pollution Bulletin", "DOI": "10.1016/S0025-326X(01)00114-X", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0025326X0100114X", "accessDate": "2013-03-20T01:03:54Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0025-326X", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "ScienceDirect", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "North Pacific central gyre", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "debris", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "neuston", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "plastics", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "pollution monitoring", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "zooplankton", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-02-16T23:41:37Z", "dateModified": "2014-02-16T23:41:37Z" } } ]