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To date, there is limited empirical evidence of both how startups achieve hypergrowth, and the impact of these practices on organizations and workers. This article draws on 19 months of participantobservation research inside a venture-backed startup I call AllDone to trace the links between the institution of venture capital and the organization of work. Although AllDone executives engaged in cost-cutting strategies common to other financialized firms, they also developed distinctive corporate strategies and organizational structures. Each of the company’s three work teams was organized to perform interdependent functions in support of venture capital’s imperative for rapid and exponential asset value inflation. I conclude with a discussion of the article’s implications for research on venture capital, startup work, and the relationship between financialization and work more broadly.", "publicationTitle": "Socio-Economic Review", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2025-01-01", "volume": "23", "issue": "1", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "445-468", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "10.1093/ser/mwae057", "citationKey": "", "url": "https://academic.oup.com/ser/article/23/1/445/7759696", "accessDate": "2026-03-29T15:14:42Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "1475-1461, 1475-147X", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "The labor of assetization", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "DOI.org (Crossref)", "callNumber": "", "rights": "https://academic.oup.com/pages/standard-publication-reuse-rights", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2026-03-29T15:14:42Z", "dateModified": "2026-03-29T15:14:42Z" } }, { "key": "QMPMA5B8", "version": 7110, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 243644, "name": "MacArthur Team", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/macarthur_team", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/243644/items/QMPMA5B8", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/macarthur_team/items/QMPMA5B8", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/243644/items/G4N6E4L2", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1810742, "username": "schorjuliet", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/schorjuliet", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "QMPMA5B8", "version": 7110, "parentItem": "G4N6E4L2", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "imported_file", "title": "PDF", "accessDate": "", "url": "", "note": "", "contentType": "application/pdf", "charset": "", "filename": "Cameron et al. - 2022 - Heroes from above but not (always) from within Gig workers’ reactions to the sudden public moraliza.pdf", "md5": "0693683e60eb62bc0bba56676380b42b", "mtime": 1766439610115, "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2025-12-22T21:40:07Z", "dateModified": "2025-12-22T21:40:10Z" } }, { "key": "G4N6E4L2", "version": 7109, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 243644, "name": "MacArthur Team", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/macarthur_team", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/243644/items/G4N6E4L2", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/macarthur_team/items/G4N6E4L2", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1810742, "username": "schorjuliet", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/schorjuliet", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Cameron et al.", "parsedDate": "2022", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "G4N6E4L2", "version": 7109, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Heroes from above but not (always) from within? Gig workers’ reactions to the sudden public moralization of their work", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Lindsey D.", "lastName": "Cameron" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Curtis K.", "lastName": "Chan" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Michel", "lastName": "Anteby" } ], "abstractNote": "How do individuals react to the sudden public moralization of their work and with what consequences? Extant research has documented how public narratives can gradually moralize societal perceptions of select occupations. Yet, the implications of how workers individually respond and form self-narratives in light of—or in spite of—a sudden moralizing event remain less understood. Such an understanding is even more critical when workers are weakly socialized by their organization: a situation increasingly common today. During the COVID-19 pandemic, radically shifting public narratives suddenly transformed grocery delivery work, previously uncelebrated, into highly moralized “heroic” pursuits. Drawing on interviews (n=75), participant artifacts (n=85), and archival data (e.g., newspaper articles), we find that these workers (here, shoppers on the platform organization Instacart), left mainly to themselves, exhibited varying responses to this moralizing and that their perceived relations to the organization, customers, and tasks shaped these responses. Surprisingly, those who facilely adopted the hero label felt morally credentialled and were thus likely to minimize their extra-role helping of customers and show low commitment to the organization; in contrast, those who wrestled with the hero narrative, sought to earn those moral credentials, were more likely to embrace extra-role helping and remain committed to moralized aspects of the work. Our study contributes to literatures on the moralization of work and narratives by explaining why some workers accept a moralized narrative and others reject or wrestle with it, documenting consequences of workers’ reactions to such narratives, and suggesting how a moralized public narrative can backfire.", "publicationTitle": "Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "09/2022", "volume": "172", "issue": "", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "104179", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes", "DOI": "10.1016/j.obhdp.2022.104179", "citationKey": "", "url": "https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0749597822000632", "accessDate": "2025-12-22T21:40:09Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "07495978", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Heroes from above but not (always) from within?", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "DOI.org (Crossref)", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2025-12-22T21:40:09Z", "dateModified": "2025-12-22T21:40:10Z" } }, { "key": "XD38RVJE", "version": 7107, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 243644, "name": "MacArthur Team", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/macarthur_team", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/243644/items/XD38RVJE", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/macarthur_team/items/XD38RVJE", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/243644/items/FJH388NU", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1810742, "username": "schorjuliet", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/schorjuliet", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "XD38RVJE", "version": 7107, "parentItem": "FJH388NU", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "imported_file", "title": "PDF", "accessDate": "", "url": "", "note": "", "contentType": "application/pdf", "charset": "", "filename": "Cameron - 2024 - The Making of the “Good Bad” Job How Algorithmic Management Manufactures Consent Through Constant a.pdf", "md5": "9af63b47487934779717b91e352083bf", "mtime": 1766439548651, "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2025-12-22T21:39:03Z", "dateModified": "2025-12-22T21:39:08Z" } }, { "key": "FJH388NU", "version": 7106, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 243644, "name": "MacArthur Team", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/macarthur_team", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/243644/items/FJH388NU", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/macarthur_team/items/FJH388NU", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1810742, "username": "schorjuliet", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/schorjuliet", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Cameron", "parsedDate": "2024", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "FJH388NU", "version": 7106, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "The Making of the “Good Bad” Job: How Algorithmic Management Manufactures Consent Through Constant and Confined Choices", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Lindsey D.", "lastName": "Cameron" } ], "abstractNote": "This research explores how a new relation of production—the shift from human managers to algorithmic managers on digital platforms—manufactures workplace consent. While most research has argued that the task standardization and surveillance that accompany algorithmic management will give rise to the quintessential ‘‘bad job’’ (Kalleberg, Reskin, and Hudson, 2000; Kalleberg, 2011), I find that, surprisingly, many workers report liking and finding choice while working under algorithmic management. Drawing on a seven-year qualitative study of the largest sector in the gig economy, the ride-hailing industry, I describe how workers navigate being managed by an algorithm. I begin by showing how algorithms segment the work at multiple sites of human–algorithm interactions and how this configuration of the work process allows for more-frequent and narrow choice. I find that workers use two sets of tactics. In engagement tactics, individuals generally follow the algorithmic nudges and do not try to get around the system; in deviance tactics, individuals manipulate their input into the algorithmic management system. While the behaviors associated with these tactics are practical opposites, they both elicit consent, or active, enthusiastic participation by workers to align their efforts with managerial interests, and both contribute to workers seeing themselves as skillful agents. However, this choice-based consent can mask the more-structurally problematic elements of the work, contributing to the growing popularity of what I call the ‘‘good bad’’ job.", "publicationTitle": "Administrative Science Quarterly", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "06/2024", "volume": "69", "issue": "2", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "458-514", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Administrative Science Quarterly", "DOI": "10.1177/00018392241236163", "citationKey": "", "url": "https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/00018392241236163", "accessDate": "2025-12-22T21:39:08Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0001-8392, 1930-3815", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "The Making of the “Good Bad” Job", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "DOI.org (Crossref)", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2025-12-22T21:39:08Z", "dateModified": "2025-12-22T21:39:08Z" } }, { "key": "S7YYVUQU", "version": 7103, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 243644, "name": "MacArthur Team", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/macarthur_team", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/243644/items/S7YYVUQU", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/macarthur_team/items/S7YYVUQU", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/243644/items/JQVPJHD9", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1810742, "username": "schorjuliet", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/schorjuliet", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "S7YYVUQU", "version": 7103, "parentItem": "JQVPJHD9", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "imported_file", "title": "PDF", "accessDate": "", "url": "", "note": "", "contentType": "application/pdf", "charset": "", "filename": "Seim et al. - Melting consent Changes in the labor process under liquid modernity.pdf", "md5": "4c36dc3fe70ad2678f8c26d14feb9da7", "mtime": 1766419695532, "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2025-12-22T16:08:13Z", "dateModified": "2025-12-22T16:08:15Z" } }, { "key": "JQVPJHD9", "version": 7102, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 243644, "name": "MacArthur Team", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/macarthur_team", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/243644/items/JQVPJHD9", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/macarthur_team/items/JQVPJHD9", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1810742, "username": "schorjuliet", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/schorjuliet", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Seim et al.", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "JQVPJHD9", "version": 7102, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Melting consent: Changes in the labor process under liquid modernity", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Josh", "lastName": "Seim" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Alexa", "lastName": "Damaska" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Lan", "lastName": "Huang" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Lexi", "lastName": "Blair" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Eric", "lastName": "Chan" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Duygun", "lastName": "Ruben" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Yifeng", "lastName": "Zhang" } ], "abstractNote": "Michael Burawoy’s Manufacturing Consent remains foundational to labor process theory, but its analysis is rooted in the era of monopoly capitalism. This article extends Burawoy’s framework by examining platform-based food delivery work through an extended case study of DoorDash and Instacart in Greater Boston. We put Burawoy in conversation with Zygmunt Bauman to contrast labor processes under “solid modernity” marked by relative stability with those under “liquid modernity” marked by relative instability. While Burawoy showed how stable shop-floor relations under monopoly capitalism generated worker consent, we argue that today’s platform labor generates a more fluid form. We introduce the concept of melted consent to describe how gig workers are drawn into production through flexible, fleeting, and app-mediated relations. Though less stable, this consent remains effective in securing and obscuring surplus. Our analysis highlights how core dynamics of hegemony persist, albeit in forms reshaped by liquid modernity.", "publicationTitle": "", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "", "volume": "", "issue": "", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "Zotero", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2025-12-22T16:08:15Z", "dateModified": "2025-12-22T16:08:15Z" } }, { "key": "PU9KXFKA", "version": 7097, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 243644, "name": "MacArthur Team", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/macarthur_team", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/243644/items/PU9KXFKA", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/macarthur_team/items/PU9KXFKA", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/243644/items/BDRAEY3X", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 3535879, "username": "cansoy", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/cansoy", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "PU9KXFKA", "version": 7097, "parentItem": "BDRAEY3X", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "imported_url", "title": "PDF", "accessDate": "2025-11-21T18:21:22Z", "url": "https://www.rsfjournal.org/content/rsfjss/10/4/191.full.pdf", "note": "", "contentType": "application/pdf", "charset": "", "filename": "Jackson - 2024 - Motivated by Money Class, Gender, Race, and Workers’ Accounts of Platform-Based Gig Work Participat.pdf", "md5": "01ed4014ff5814a032e6a23ba07f3d0f", "mtime": 1763749284638, "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2025-11-21T18:21:22Z", "dateModified": "2025-11-21T18:21:24Z" } }, { "key": "BDRAEY3X", "version": 7096, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 243644, "name": "MacArthur Team", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/macarthur_team", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/243644/items/BDRAEY3X", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/macarthur_team/items/BDRAEY3X", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 3535879, "username": "cansoy", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/cansoy", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Jackson", "parsedDate": "2024", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "BDRAEY3X", "version": 7096, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Motivated by Money? Class, Gender, Race, and Workers’ Accounts of Platform-Based Gig Work Participation", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Brandon A.", "lastName": "Jackson" } ], "abstractNote": "This article examines how workers describe their motivations for participation in the platform-based gig economy, particularly as rideshare and delivery drivers. I investigate how these accounts vary by socioeconomic class, gender, and race. Based on interviews conducted as part of the American Voices Project, I find that workers’ accounts differ based on income and gender. Higher earners tend to downplay financial needs and describe platform work as a path to explore their larger community, whereas lower earners focus on financial needs and benefits. Additionally, among lower earners, explanations differed by gender. Interestingly, I did not find any differences based on race. I conclude by investigating why workers from different social groups might offer varying accounts.", "publicationTitle": "RSF: The Russell Sage Foundation Journal of the Social Sciences", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "09/2024", "volume": "10", "issue": "4", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "191-206", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "rsf", "DOI": "10.7758/RSF.2024.10.4.09", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.rsfjournal.org/lookup/doi/10.7758/RSF.2024.10.4.09", "accessDate": "2025-11-21T18:21:24Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "2377-8253, 2377-8261", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Motivated by Money?", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "DOI.org (Crossref)", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2025-11-21T18:21:24Z", "dateModified": "2025-11-21T18:21:24Z" } }, { "key": "N6JV7KZK", "version": 7093, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 243644, "name": "MacArthur Team", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/macarthur_team", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/243644/items/N6JV7KZK", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/macarthur_team/items/N6JV7KZK", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1810742, "username": "schorjuliet", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/schorjuliet", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Cameron", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "N6JV7KZK", "version": 7093, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Selling the Self: Neo-normative Control and the Platform Paradox", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Lindsey D.", "lastName": "Cameron" } ], "abstractNote": "", "publicationTitle": "Research in Organizational Behavior", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "forthcoming", "volume": "", "issue": "", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2025-10-13T14:47:28Z", "dateModified": "2025-10-13T14:49:32Z" } }, { "key": "G29JNXHL", "version": 7081, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 243644, "name": "MacArthur Team", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/macarthur_team", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/243644/items/G29JNXHL", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/macarthur_team/items/G29JNXHL", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/243644/items/IJQZMJXQ", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1810742, "username": "schorjuliet", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/schorjuliet", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "G29JNXHL", "version": 7081, "parentItem": "IJQZMJXQ", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "imported_file", "title": "PDF", "accessDate": "", "url": "", "note": "", "contentType": "application/pdf", "charset": "", "filename": "Angrist et al. - 2021 - Uber versus Taxi A Driver’s Eye View.pdf", "md5": "b8875b426a6e97d701fb32b54b1f0e9b", "mtime": 1757443985621, "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2025-09-09T18:53:01Z", "dateModified": "2025-09-09T18:53:05Z" } }, { "key": "IJQZMJXQ", "version": 7080, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 243644, "name": "MacArthur Team", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/macarthur_team", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/243644/items/IJQZMJXQ", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/macarthur_team/items/IJQZMJXQ", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1810742, "username": "schorjuliet", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/schorjuliet", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Angrist et al.", "parsedDate": "2021-07-01", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "IJQZMJXQ", "version": 7080, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Uber versus Taxi: A Driver’s Eye View", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Joshua D.", "lastName": "Angrist" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Sydnee", "lastName": "Caldwell" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Jonathan V.", "lastName": "Hall" } ], "abstractNote": "Rideshare drivers pay a proportion of their fares to a ride-hailing platform operator, a commission-based compensation model used by many service providers. To Uber drivers, this commission is known as the Uber fee. By contrast, traditional taxi drivers in most US cities make a fixed payment independent of their earnings, usually a weekly or daily medallion lease, keeping every fare dollar net of lease costs and other expenses. We assess these compensation models using an experiment that offered random samples of Boston Uber drivers opportunities to lease a virtual taxi medallion that eliminates the Uber fee. Some drivers were offered a negative fee. Drivers’ labor supply response to our offers reveals a large intertemporal substitution elasticity, on the order of 1.2, and higher for those who accept lease contracts. At the same time, our virtual lease program was undersubscribed: many drivers who would have benefited from buying an inexpensive lease chose to sit out. We use these results to compute the average compensation required to make drivers indifferent between rideshare and taxi-style compensation contracts. The results suggest that rideshare drivers gain considerably from the opportunity to drive without leasing. (JEL J22, J31, L84, L92)", "publicationTitle": "American Economic Journal: Applied Economics", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2021-07-01", "volume": "13", "issue": "3", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "272-308", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "American Economic Journal: Applied Economics", "DOI": "10.1257/app.20190655", "citationKey": "", "url": "https://pubs.aeaweb.org/doi/10.1257/app.20190655", "accessDate": "2025-09-09T18:53:05Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "1945-7782, 1945-7790", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Uber versus Taxi", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "DOI.org (Crossref)", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2025-09-09T18:53:05Z", "dateModified": "2025-09-09T18:53:05Z" } }, { "key": "5JFGFS9U", "version": 7077, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 243644, "name": "MacArthur Team", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/macarthur_team", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/243644/items/5JFGFS9U", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/macarthur_team/items/5JFGFS9U", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/243644/items/6TZPTFZD", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1810742, "username": "schorjuliet", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/schorjuliet", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "5JFGFS9U", "version": 7077, "parentItem": "6TZPTFZD", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "imported_file", "title": "PDF", "accessDate": "", "url": "", "note": "", "contentType": "application/pdf", "charset": "", "filename": "Maffie and Hurtado - 2025 - The Enshittification of Work Platform Decay and Labour Conditions in the Gig Economy.pdf", "md5": "29e1f62f44dcc6b20d2cc9d172fa1956", "mtime": 1757021501535, "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2025-09-04T21:31:39Z", "dateModified": "2025-09-04T21:31:41Z" } }, { "key": "6TZPTFZD", "version": 7076, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 243644, "name": "MacArthur Team", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/macarthur_team", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/243644/items/6TZPTFZD", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/macarthur_team/items/6TZPTFZD", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1810742, "username": "schorjuliet", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/schorjuliet", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Maffie and Hurtado", "parsedDate": "2025-08-05", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "6TZPTFZD", "version": 7076, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "The Enshittification of Work: Platform Decay and Labour Conditions in the Gig Economy", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Michael David", "lastName": "Maffie" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Hector", "lastName": "Hurtado" } ], "abstractNote": "This study investigates the mechanisms by which gig platforms degrade labour conditions over time, building on the concept of platform decay, or ‘enshittification’, initially developed in the context of social media platforms. In this article, we draw on 30 interviews with long-term gig workers in the ride-hail and grocery delivery sectors, offering insights into how these companies shift from offering attractive working conditions to exploiting labour as these services develop market power via network effects. We identify three mechanisms through which gig companies claw back value from workers over time: burden shifting (transferring operational costs to workers), feature addition and alteration (increasing the demands on workers), and market manipulation (reducing worker bargaining power). We then explore how workers respond to platform decay, finding that workers adopt three responses: effort recalibration, multi-homing and navigating the changing conditions through what we term toxic resilience. This study contributes to the gig work literature by developing a framework to explain how working conditions in the gig economy improve or degrade over time. In doing so, this article provides a framework for organizing the growing constellation of labour research on gig workers.", "publicationTitle": "British Journal of Industrial Relations", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2025-08-05", "volume": "", "issue": "", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "bjir.70004", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Brit J Industrial Rel", "DOI": "10.1111/bjir.70004", "citationKey": "", "url": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bjir.70004", "accessDate": "2025-09-04T21:31:41Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0007-1080, 1467-8543", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "The Enshittification of Work", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "DOI.org (Crossref)", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2025-09-04T21:31:41Z", "dateModified": "2025-09-04T21:31:41Z" } }, { "key": "KP8D4IBM", "version": 7078, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 243644, "name": "MacArthur Team", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/macarthur_team", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/243644/items/KP8D4IBM", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/macarthur_team/items/KP8D4IBM", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/243644/items/HSJTLVJT", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1810742, "username": "schorjuliet", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/schorjuliet", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "KP8D4IBM", "version": 7078, "parentItem": "HSJTLVJT", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "imported_file", "title": "PDF", "accessDate": "", "url": "", "note": "", "contentType": "application/pdf", "charset": "", "filename": "Song et al. - 2025 - What Happens When the Gig Is Up The Relationship Between Gig Work Histories and Future Career Prosp.pdf", "md5": "3b786a7ff7388530b61c1566ab7eb2ab", "mtime": 1757021497917, "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2025-09-04T21:31:33Z", "dateModified": "2025-09-04T21:31:37Z" } }, { "key": "HSJTLVJT", "version": 7076, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 243644, "name": "MacArthur Team", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/macarthur_team", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/243644/items/HSJTLVJT", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/macarthur_team/items/HSJTLVJT", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1810742, "username": "schorjuliet", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/schorjuliet", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Song et al.", "parsedDate": "2025", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "HSJTLVJT", "version": 7076, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "What Happens When the Gig Is Up? The Relationship Between Gig Work Histories and Future Career Prospects", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Fei", "lastName": "Song" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Danielle", "lastName": "Lamb" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Kamran", "lastName": "Soltanzadeh" } ], "abstractNote": "Despite the increasing popularity of gig work, often performed via online marketplaces and platforms, relatively little is known about how such work experiences may influence jobseekers’ future career trajectories. We explore the potential employment signals associated with gig work histories to gain some preliminary understanding of the mechanisms accounting for these signals. We carry out two survey experiments that simulate the hiring decisions of fictitious jobseekers with gig work histories to examine the labour market signals associated with gig work and the extent to which gig work experiences are (more) less preferred to standard employment histories. The findings of Study 1 reveal that for lower skilled jobs (i.e., the delivery driver), gig work experience is not perceived as inferior, nor does it impede employment prospects in the traditional labour market. However, for jobs requiring higher levels of education and/or skill (i.e., the retail manager and the graphic designer), a candidate with standard employment plus a gig work side-hustle is perceived qualitatively the same, but those with only gig work experience, even that which makes use of similar skillsets, are perceived as less desirable. Furthermore, we find that perceptions of lower human capital and a negative signal mediate the relationship between gig work history and the decision to hire the fictitious candidate. In Study 2, added as a replication and extension of Study 1, we found that the lower skilled job was perceived more negatively when the candidate had only gig work experience, whereas higher skilled jobs performed in the gig economy were associated with perceptions of lower human capital. We discuss the implications of the differences in perceptions of gig work for research, practice and society in general.", "publicationTitle": "British Journal of Industrial Relations", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "09/2025", "volume": "63", "issue": "3", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "525-537", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Brit J Industrial Rel", "DOI": "10.1111/bjir.12875", "citationKey": "", "url": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bjir.12875", "accessDate": "2025-09-04T21:31:37Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0007-1080, 1467-8543", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "What Happens When the Gig Is Up?", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "DOI.org (Crossref)", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2025-09-04T21:31:37Z", "dateModified": "2025-09-04T21:31:37Z" } }, { "key": "CQVTN9ZX", "version": 7075, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 243644, "name": "MacArthur Team", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/macarthur_team", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/243644/items/CQVTN9ZX", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/macarthur_team/items/CQVTN9ZX", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1810742, "username": "schorjuliet", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/schorjuliet", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Dubal and Negron", "parsedDate": "2025-08-21", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "CQVTN9ZX", "version": 7075, "itemType": "report", "title": "How artificial intelligence uncouples hard work from fair wages through ‘surveillance pay’ practices—and how to fix it", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Veena", "lastName": "Dubal" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Wilneida", "lastName": "Negron" } ], "abstractNote": "", "reportNumber": "", "reportType": "", "institution": "Washington Center for Equitable Growth", "place": "Washington, DC", "date": "August 21, 2025", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesNumber": "", "pages": "", "DOI": "", "ISBN": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "https://equitablegrowth.org/how-artificial-intelligence-uncouples-hard-work-from-fair-wages-through-surveillance-pay-practices-and-how-to-fix-it/", "accessDate": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2025-09-01T22:04:28Z", "dateModified": "2025-09-01T22:06:43Z" } }, { "key": "KNSSHNVV", "version": 7066, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 243644, "name": "MacArthur Team", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/macarthur_team", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/243644/items/KNSSHNVV", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/macarthur_team/items/KNSSHNVV", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/243644/items/5L7RYRK4", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1810742, "username": "schorjuliet", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/schorjuliet", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "KNSSHNVV", "version": 7066, "parentItem": "5L7RYRK4", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "imported_file", "title": "Schor et al. - 2020 - Dependence and precarity in the platform economy.pdf", "accessDate": "", "url": "", "note": "", "contentType": "application/pdf", "charset": "", "filename": "Schor et al. - 2020 - Dependence and precarity in the platform economy.pdf", "md5": "1de5a561e06157ec41e464d5dd9aaeda", "mtime": 1756576835000, "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2025-08-30T18:00:32Z", "dateModified": "2025-08-30T18:00:36Z" } }, { "key": "5L7RYRK4", "version": 7065, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 243644, "name": "MacArthur Team", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/macarthur_team", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/243644/items/5L7RYRK4", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/macarthur_team/items/5L7RYRK4", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1810742, "username": "schorjuliet", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/schorjuliet", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Schor et al.", "parsedDate": "2020", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "5L7RYRK4", "version": 7065, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Dependence and precarity in the platform economy", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Juliet B.", "lastName": "Schor" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "William", "lastName": "Attwood-Charles" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Mehmet", "lastName": "Cansoy" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Isak", "lastName": "Ladegaard" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Robert", "lastName": "Wengronowitz" } ], "abstractNote": "The rapid growth of Uber and analogous platform companies has led to considerable scholarly interest in the phenomenon of platform labor. Scholars have taken two main approaches to explaining outcomes for platform work—precarity, which focuses on employment classification and insecure labor, and technological control via algorithms. Both predict that workers will have relatively common experiences. On the basis of 112 in-depth interviews with workers on seven platforms (Airbnb, TaskRabbit, Turo, Uber, Lyft, Postmates, and Favor) we find heterogeneity of experiences across and within platforms. We argue that because platform labor is weakly institutionalized, worker satisfaction, autonomy, and earnings vary significantly across and within platforms, suggesting dominant interpretations are insufficient. We find that the extent to which workers are dependent on platform income to pay basic expenses rather than working for supplemental income explains the variation in outcomes, with supplemental earners being more satisfied and higher-earning. This suggests platforms are free-riding on conventional employers. We also find that platforms are hierarchically ordered, in terms of what providers can earn, conditions of work, and their ability to produce satisfied workers. 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