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            "dateAdded": "2013-12-31T06:02:43Z",
            "dateModified": "2013-12-31T06:02:43Z"
        }
    },
    {
        "key": "7T96QR6S",
        "version": 12,
        "library": {
            "type": "group",
            "id": 239623,
            "name": "Endosymbiosis",
            "links": {
                "alternate": {
                    "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/endosymbiosis",
                    "type": "text/html"
                }
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        },
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                "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/239623/items/7T96QR6S",
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                "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/endosymbiosis/items/7T96QR6S",
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        "meta": {
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            },
            "creatorSummary": "Kuriwada et al.",
            "parsedDate": "2010-10-01",
            "numChildren": 2
        },
        "data": {
            "key": "7T96QR6S",
            "version": 12,
            "itemType": "journalArticle",
            "title": "Biological Role of Nardonella Endosymbiont in Its Weevil Host",
            "creators": [
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Takashi",
                    "lastName": "Kuriwada"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Takahiro",
                    "lastName": "Hosokawa"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Norikuni",
                    "lastName": "Kumano"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Keiko",
                    "lastName": "Shiromoto"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Dai",
                    "lastName": "Haraguchi"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Takema",
                    "lastName": "Fukatsu"
                }
            ],
            "abstractNote": "Weevils constitute the most species-rich animal group with over 60,000 described species, many of which possess specialized symbiotic organs and harbor bacterial endosymbionts. Among the diverse microbial associates of weevils, Nardonella spp. represent the most ancient and widespread endosymbiont lineage, having co-speciated with the host weevils for over 125 million years. Thus far, however, no empirical work on the role of Nardonella for weevil biology has been reported. Here we investigated the biological role of the Nardonella endosymbiont for the West Indian sweet potato weevil, Euscepes postfasciatus. This insect is an experimentally tractable pest insect that can easily be reared on a natural diet of sweet potato root as well as on an agar-based artificial diet. By larval feeding on an antibiotic-containing artificial diet, Nardonella infection was effectively eliminated from the treated insects. The antibiotic-treated insects exhibited significantly lighter body weight and lower growth rate than the control insects. Then, the antibiotic-treated insects and the control insects were respectively allowed to mate and oviposit on fresh sweet potatoes without the antibiotic. The offspring of the antibiotic-treated insects, which were all Nardonella-negative, exhibited significantly lighter body weight, smaller body size, lower growth rate and paler body color in comparison with the offspring of the control insects, which were all Nardonella-positive. In conclusion, the Nardonella endosymbiont is involved in normal growth and development of the host weevil. The biological role of the endosymbiont probably underlies the long-lasting host-symbiont co-speciation in the evolutionary course of weevils.",
            "publicationTitle": "PLoS ONE",
            "publisher": "",
            "place": "",
            "date": "October 1, 2010",
            "volume": "5",
            "issue": "10",
            "section": "",
            "partNumber": "",
            "partTitle": "",
            "pages": "e13101",
            "series": "",
            "seriesTitle": "",
            "seriesText": "",
            "journalAbbreviation": "PLoS ONE",
            "DOI": "10.1371/journal.pone.0013101",
            "citationKey": "",
            "url": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0013101",
            "accessDate": "2013-12-31T06:02:43Z",
            "PMID": "",
            "PMCID": "",
            "ISSN": "",
            "archive": "",
            "archiveLocation": "",
            "shortTitle": "",
            "language": "",
            "libraryCatalog": "PLoS Journals",
            "callNumber": "",
            "rights": "",
            "extra": "",
            "tags": [],
            "collections": [
                "7ZZ68TBF"
            ],
            "relations": {},
            "dateAdded": "2013-12-31T06:02:43Z",
            "dateModified": "2013-12-31T06:02:43Z"
        }
    },
    {
        "key": "J7ZKA3UV",
        "version": 11,
        "library": {
            "type": "group",
            "id": 239623,
            "name": "Endosymbiosis",
            "links": {
                "alternate": {
                    "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/endosymbiosis",
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                }
            }
        },
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                "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/239623/items/J7ZKA3UV",
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                "name": "Gunyang Zhang",
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                    }
                }
            },
            "creatorSummary": "Heddi et al.",
            "parsedDate": "1999-06-08",
            "numChildren": 2
        },
        "data": {
            "key": "J7ZKA3UV",
            "version": 11,
            "itemType": "journalArticle",
            "title": "Four intracellular genomes direct weevil biology: Nuclear, mitochondrial, principal endosymbiont, and Wolbachia",
            "creators": [
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Abdelaziz",
                    "lastName": "Heddi"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Anne-Marie",
                    "lastName": "Grenier"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Chaqué",
                    "lastName": "Khatchadourian"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Hubert",
                    "lastName": "Charles"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Paul",
                    "lastName": "Nardon"
                }
            ],
            "abstractNote": "Cell physiology in the weevil Sitophilus oryzae is coordinated by three integrated genomes: nuclear, mitochondrial, and the “S. oryzae principal endosymbiont” (SOPE). SOPE, a cytoplasmic bacterium (2 × 103 bacteria per specialized bacteriocyte cell and 3 × 106 bacteria per weevil) that belongs to the proteobacteria γ3-subgroup, is present in all weevils studied. We discovered a fourth prokaryotic genome in somatic and germ tissues of 57% of weevil strains of three species, S. oryzae, Sitophilus zeamais, and Sitophilus granarius, distributed worldwide. We assigned this Gram-negative prokaryote to the Wolbachia group (α-proteobacteria), on the basis of 16S rDNA sequence and fluorescence in situ DNA–RNA hybridization (FISH). Both bacteria, SOPE and Wolbachia, were selectively eliminated by combined heat and antibiotic treatments. Study of bacteria involvement in this insect’s genetics and physiology revealed that SOPE, which induces the specific differentiation of the bacteriocytes, increases mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation through the supply of pantothenic acid and riboflavin. Elimination of this γ3-proteobacterium impairs many physiological traits. By contrast, neither the presence nor the absence of Wolbachia significantly affects the weevil’s physiology. Wolbachia, disseminated throughout the body cells, is in particularly high density in the germ cells, where it causes nucleocytoplasmic incompatibility. The coexistence of two distinct types of intracellular proteobacteria at different levels of symbiont integration in insects illustrates the genetic complexity of animal tissue. Furthermore, evolutionary timing can be inferred: first nucleocytoplasm, then mitochondria, then SOPE, and finally Wolbachia. Symbiogenesis, the genetic integration of long-term associated members of different species, in the weevil appears to be a mechanism of speciation (with Wolbachia) and provides a means for animals to acquire new genes that permit better adaptation to the environment (with SOPE).",
            "publicationTitle": "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences",
            "publisher": "",
            "place": "",
            "date": "06/08/1999",
            "volume": "96",
            "issue": "12",
            "section": "",
            "partNumber": "",
            "partTitle": "",
            "pages": "6814-6819",
            "series": "",
            "seriesTitle": "",
            "seriesText": "",
            "journalAbbreviation": "PNAS",
            "DOI": "10.1073/pnas.96.12.6814",
            "citationKey": "",
            "url": "http://www.pnas.org/content/96/12/6814",
            "accessDate": "2013-10-01T04:45:52Z",
            "PMID": "",
            "PMCID": "",
            "ISSN": "0027-8424, 1091-6490",
            "archive": "",
            "archiveLocation": "",
            "shortTitle": "Four intracellular genomes direct weevil biology",
            "language": "en",
            "libraryCatalog": "www.pnas.org.ezproxy1.lib.asu.edu",
            "callNumber": "",
            "rights": "",
            "extra": "PMID: 10359795",
            "tags": [
                {
                    "tag": "Biological Evolution",
                    "type": 1
                },
                {
                    "tag": "DNA, Mitochondrial",
                    "type": 1
                },
                {
                    "tag": "Gene Expression Regulation",
                    "type": 1
                },
                {
                    "tag": "Genome, Bacterial",
                    "type": 1
                },
                {
                    "tag": "Genome, Plant",
                    "type": 1
                },
                {
                    "tag": "Molecular Sequence Data",
                    "type": 1
                },
                {
                    "tag": "Oryza sativa",
                    "type": 1
                },
                {
                    "tag": "symbiosis",
                    "type": 1
                }
            ],
            "collections": [
                "7ZZ68TBF",
                "JCRVJQFV"
            ],
            "relations": {},
            "dateAdded": "2013-12-31T00:52:48Z",
            "dateModified": "2013-12-31T00:52:48Z"
        }
    },
    {
        "key": "82ZTFHKD",
        "version": 11,
        "library": {
            "type": "group",
            "id": 239623,
            "name": "Endosymbiosis",
            "links": {
                "alternate": {
                    "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/endosymbiosis",
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                "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/endosymbiosis/items/82ZTFHKD",
                "type": "text/html"
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        },
        "meta": {
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                "username": "lailaizhang",
                "name": "Gunyang Zhang",
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                        "type": "text/html"
                    }
                }
            },
            "creatorSummary": "Toju et al.",
            "parsedDate": "2010-01",
            "numChildren": 4
        },
        "data": {
            "key": "82ZTFHKD",
            "version": 11,
            "itemType": "journalArticle",
            "title": "\"Candidatus Curculioniphilus buchneri,\" a novel clade of bacterial endocellular symbionts from weevils of the genus Curculio",
            "creators": [
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Hirokazu",
                    "lastName": "Toju"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Takahiro",
                    "lastName": "Hosokawa"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Ryuichi",
                    "lastName": "Koga"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Naruo",
                    "lastName": "Nikoh"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Xian Ying",
                    "lastName": "Meng"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Nobutada",
                    "lastName": "Kimura"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Takema",
                    "lastName": "Fukatsu"
                }
            ],
            "abstractNote": "Here we investigated the bacterial endosymbionts of weevils of the genus Curculio. From all four species of Curculio weevils examined, a novel group of bacterial gene sequences were consistently identified. Molecular phylogenetic analyses demonstrated that the sequences formed a distinct clade in the Gammaproteobacteria, which was not related to previously known groups of weevil endosymbionts such as Nardonella spp. and Sodalis-allied symbionts. In situ hybridization revealed that the bacterium was intracellularly harbored in a bacteriome associated with larval midgut. In adult females, the bacterium was localized in the germalia at the tip of each overiole, suggesting vertical transmission via ovarial passage. Diagnostic PCR surveys detected high prevalence of the bacterial infection in natural host populations. Electron microscopy identified the reduced cell wall of the bacterial cells, and the bacterial genes exhibited AT-biased nucleotide composition and accelerated molecular evolution, which are suggestive of a long-lasting endosymbiotic association. On the basis of these results, we conclude that the novel endocellular bacteria represent the primary symbiont of Curculio weevils and proposed the designation \"Candidatus Curculioniphilus buchneri.\" In addition to \"Ca. Curculioniphilus,\" we identified Sodalis-allied gammaproteobacterial endosymbionts from the chestnut weevil, Curculio sikkimensis, which exhibited partial infection frequencies in host insect populations and neither AT-biased nucleotide composition nor accelerated molecular evolution. We suggest that such Sodalis-allied secondary symbionts in weevils might provide a potential source for symbiont replacements, as has occurred in an ancestor of Sitophilus grain weevils.",
            "publicationTitle": "Applied and environmental microbiology",
            "publisher": "",
            "place": "",
            "date": "Jan 2010",
            "volume": "76",
            "issue": "1",
            "section": "",
            "partNumber": "",
            "partTitle": "",
            "pages": "275-282",
            "series": "",
            "seriesTitle": "",
            "seriesText": "",
            "journalAbbreviation": "Appl. Environ. Microbiol.",
            "DOI": "10.1128/AEM.02154-09",
            "citationKey": "",
            "url": "",
            "accessDate": "",
            "PMID": "",
            "PMCID": "",
            "ISSN": "1098-5336",
            "archive": "",
            "archiveLocation": "",
            "shortTitle": "",
            "language": "eng",
            "libraryCatalog": "NCBI PubMed",
            "callNumber": "",
            "rights": "",
            "extra": "PMID: 19880647",
            "tags": [
                {
                    "tag": "Animals",
                    "type": 1
                },
                {
                    "tag": "Bacterial Proteins",
                    "type": 1
                },
                {
                    "tag": "Chaperonin 60",
                    "type": 1
                },
                {
                    "tag": "Cluster Analysis",
                    "type": 1
                },
                {
                    "tag": "Cytoplasm",
                    "type": 1
                },
                {
                    "tag": "DNA, Bacterial",
                    "type": 1
                },
                {
                    "tag": "DNA, Ribosomal",
                    "type": 1
                },
                {
                    "tag": "Enterobacteriaceae",
                    "type": 1
                },
                {
                    "tag": "Female",
                    "type": 1
                },
                {
                    "tag": "Gastrointestinal Tract",
                    "type": 1
                },
                {
                    "tag": "In Situ Hybridization",
                    "type": 1
                },
                {
                    "tag": "Male",
                    "type": 1
                },
                {
                    "tag": "Molecular Sequence Data",
                    "type": 1
                },
                {
                    "tag": "Ovary",
                    "type": 1
                },
                {
                    "tag": "Phylogeny",
                    "type": 1
                },
                {
                    "tag": "RNA, Ribosomal, 16S",
                    "type": 1
                },
                {
                    "tag": "Sequence Analysis, DNA",
                    "type": 1
                },
                {
                    "tag": "symbiosis",
                    "type": 1
                },
                {
                    "tag": "weevils",
                    "type": 1
                }
            ],
            "collections": [
                "7ZZ68TBF",
                "IRJB9N5E",
                "JCRVJQFV"
            ],
            "relations": {},
            "dateAdded": "2013-12-31T00:52:48Z",
            "dateModified": "2013-12-31T00:52:48Z"
        }
    },
    {
        "key": "V999JHR9",
        "version": 11,
        "library": {
            "type": "group",
            "id": 239623,
            "name": "Endosymbiosis",
            "links": {
                "alternate": {
                    "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/endosymbiosis",
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                }
            },
            "creatorSummary": "Lachowska et al.",
            "parsedDate": "2010",
            "numChildren": 0
        },
        "data": {
            "key": "V999JHR9",
            "version": 11,
            "itemType": "journalArticle",
            "title": "Occurrence of <i>Wolbachia</i> in central European weevils: correlations with host systematics, ecology, and biology",
            "creators": [
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Dorota",
                    "lastName": "Lachowska"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Łukasz",
                    "lastName": "Kajtoch"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Stanisław",
                    "lastName": "Knutelski"
                }
            ],
            "abstractNote": "We studied the occurrence of Wolbachia in relation to the systematics, ecology, and biology of 40 weevil species from central Europe. Identification of Wolbachia supergroups and phylogeny was performed on the basis of 16S rDNA, ftsZ, wsp, and hcpA sequences. Sixteen species (40%) were infected by Wolbachia. Six of these possess only supergroup A (15% of all studied species, 37.5% of the infected species), and four harbored only supergroup B (10 and 25%, respectively). Six species were infected by both supergroups A and B or their genomes harbored parts of these two supergroups (15 and 37.5%, respectively). No differences between Wolbachia supergroup frequencies were detected. There was almost no correlation between Wolbachia phylogeny and host systematics and phylogeny at the level of subfamily and tribe, because the representatives of both supergroups were detected in all the studied multi-species tribes. Wolbachia strains were probably inherited from a common ancestor only in the case of the genus Strophosoma, where two of three analyzed species possessed bacteria which are genetically very close in all the studied genes. There was also only limited congruence between phylogenies obtained from the four studied genes. These results suggest horizontal transmission of Wolbachia strains between species and recombination events between different strains. A significant correlation was detected between infected and uninfected species in relation to mobility (flying species were 2×  more frequently infected than non-flying species), foraging (polyphagous species were 2.5×  less frequently infected than mono- or oligophagous species), and reproductive mode (parthenogenetic weevils were infected nearly 2×  as often as bisexuals). No differences were detected between mesophilous and xerothermophilous species, nor between those inhabiting open areas vs. arboreal species. However, these results might have been influenced by common ancestry among the studied weevils. Because weevils include many plant pests of economic importance, it is possible to use these data in developing alternative, biology-based strategies for controlling them.",
            "publicationTitle": "Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata",
            "publisher": "",
            "place": "",
            "date": "04/2010",
            "volume": "135",
            "issue": "1",
            "section": "",
            "partNumber": "",
            "partTitle": "",
            "pages": "105-118",
            "series": "",
            "seriesTitle": "",
            "seriesText": "",
            "journalAbbreviation": "",
            "DOI": "10.1111/j.1570-7458.2010.00974.x",
            "citationKey": "",
            "url": "http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/j.1570-7458.2010.00974.x",
            "accessDate": "2013-09-25T04:26:38Z",
            "PMID": "",
            "PMCID": "",
            "ISSN": "00138703, 15707458",
            "archive": "",
            "archiveLocation": "",
            "shortTitle": "Occurrence of <i>Wolbachia</i> in central European weevils",
            "language": "",
            "libraryCatalog": "CrossRef",
            "callNumber": "",
            "rights": "",
            "extra": "",
            "tags": [
                {
                    "tag": "16s"
                },
                {
                    "tag": "Coleoptera"
                },
                {
                    "tag": "Ecology"
                },
                {
                    "tag": "Parthenogenesis"
                },
                {
                    "tag": "Weevil"
                },
                {
                    "tag": "Wolbachia"
                },
                {
                    "tag": "ftsZ"
                },
                {
                    "tag": "hcpA"
                },
                {
                    "tag": "wsp"
                }
            ],
            "collections": [
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                "IRJB9N5E",
                "JCRVJQFV"
            ],
            "relations": {},
            "dateAdded": "2013-12-31T00:52:48Z",
            "dateModified": "2013-12-31T00:52:48Z"
        }
    },
    {
        "key": "G6EURSVC",
        "version": 11,
        "library": {
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            },
            "creatorSummary": "Hirsch et al.",
            "parsedDate": "2012-01-18",
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        },
        "data": {
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            "version": 11,
            "itemType": "journalArticle",
            "title": "Assessment of bacterial endosymbiont diversity in Otiorhynchus spp. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) larvae using a multitag 454 pyrosequencing approach",
            "creators": [
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Jacqueline",
                    "lastName": "Hirsch"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Stephan",
                    "lastName": "Strohmeier"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Martin",
                    "lastName": "Pfannkuchen"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Annette",
                    "lastName": "Reineke"
                }
            ],
            "abstractNote": "Weevils of the genus Otiorhynchus are regarded as devastating pests in a wide variety of horticultural crops worldwide. So far, little is known on the presence of endosymbionts in Otiorhynchus spp.. Investigation of endosymbiosis in this genus may help to understand the evolution of different reproductive strategies in these weevils (parthenogenesis or sexual reproduction), host-symbiont interactions, and may provide a future basis for novel pest management strategy development. Here, we used a multitag 454 pyrosequencing approach to assess the bacterial endosymbiont diversity in larvae of four economically important Otiorhynchus species.",
            "publicationTitle": "BMC Microbiology",
            "publisher": "",
            "place": "",
            "date": "2012-01-18",
            "volume": "12",
            "issue": "Suppl 1",
            "section": "",
            "partNumber": "",
            "partTitle": "",
            "pages": "S6",
            "series": "",
            "seriesTitle": "",
            "seriesText": "",
            "journalAbbreviation": "",
            "DOI": "10.1186/1471-2180-12-S1-S6",
            "citationKey": "",
            "url": "http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2180/12/S1/S6/abstract",
            "accessDate": "2013-10-01T04:26:41Z",
            "PMID": "",
            "PMCID": "",
            "ISSN": "1471-2180",
            "archive": "",
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            "shortTitle": "Assessment of bacterial endosymbiont diversity in Otiorhynchus spp. (Coleoptera",
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