[
    {
        "key": "9KW3ZWIV",
        "version": 26,
        "library": {
            "type": "group",
            "id": 239433,
            "name": "Critical Design Research",
            "links": {
                "alternate": {
                    "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/critical_design_research",
                    "type": "text/html"
                }
            }
        },
        "links": {
            "self": {
                "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/239433/items/9KW3ZWIV",
                "type": "application/json"
            },
            "alternate": {
                "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/critical_design_research/items/9KW3ZWIV",
                "type": "text/html"
            },
            "up": {
                "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/239433/items/N2EKN9MR",
                "type": "application/json"
            }
        },
        "meta": {
            "createdByUser": {
                "id": 580266,
                "username": "jsinger",
                "name": "Joshua Singer",
                "links": {
                    "alternate": {
                        "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jsinger",
                        "type": "text/html"
                    }
                }
            },
            "numChildren": 0
        },
        "data": {
            "key": "9KW3ZWIV",
            "version": 26,
            "parentItem": "N2EKN9MR",
            "itemType": "attachment",
            "linkMode": "imported_file",
            "title": "george-kubler-the-shape-of-time-remarks-on-the-history-of-things.pdf",
            "accessDate": "",
            "url": "",
            "note": "",
            "contentType": "application/pdf",
            "charset": "",
            "filename": "george-kubler-the-shape-of-time-remarks-on-the-history-of-things.pdf",
            "md5": "3c9f348121fd935db1449e14d24e0c5c",
            "mtime": 1453497849000,
            "tags": [],
            "relations": {},
            "dateAdded": "2016-01-22T21:24:09Z",
            "dateModified": "2016-01-22T21:24:09Z"
        }
    },
    {
        "key": "7PHNIPZM",
        "version": 25,
        "library": {
            "type": "group",
            "id": 239433,
            "name": "Critical Design Research",
            "links": {
                "alternate": {
                    "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/critical_design_research",
                    "type": "text/html"
                }
            }
        },
        "links": {
            "self": {
                "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/239433/items/7PHNIPZM",
                "type": "application/json"
            },
            "alternate": {
                "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/critical_design_research/items/7PHNIPZM",
                "type": "text/html"
            },
            "up": {
                "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/239433/items/N2EKN9MR",
                "type": "application/json"
            }
        },
        "meta": {
            "createdByUser": {
                "id": 580266,
                "username": "jsinger",
                "name": "Joshua Singer",
                "links": {
                    "alternate": {
                        "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jsinger",
                        "type": "text/html"
                    }
                }
            }
        },
        "data": {
            "key": "7PHNIPZM",
            "version": 25,
            "parentItem": "N2EKN9MR",
            "itemType": "attachment",
            "linkMode": "linked_url",
            "title": "Google Books Link",
            "accessDate": "2016-01-22T21:22:36Z",
            "url": "https://books.google.com/books?id=O0uxw-x-wv0C",
            "note": "",
            "contentType": "text/html",
            "charset": "",
            "tags": [],
            "relations": {},
            "dateAdded": "2016-01-22T21:24:09Z",
            "dateModified": "2016-01-22T21:24:09Z"
        }
    },
    {
        "key": "N2EKN9MR",
        "version": 25,
        "library": {
            "type": "group",
            "id": 239433,
            "name": "Critical Design Research",
            "links": {
                "alternate": {
                    "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/critical_design_research",
                    "type": "text/html"
                }
            }
        },
        "links": {
            "self": {
                "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/239433/items/N2EKN9MR",
                "type": "application/json"
            },
            "alternate": {
                "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/critical_design_research/items/N2EKN9MR",
                "type": "text/html"
            }
        },
        "meta": {
            "createdByUser": {
                "id": 580266,
                "username": "jsinger",
                "name": "Joshua Singer",
                "links": {
                    "alternate": {
                        "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jsinger",
                        "type": "text/html"
                    }
                }
            },
            "creatorSummary": "Kubler",
            "parsedDate": "1962",
            "numChildren": 2
        },
        "data": {
            "key": "N2EKN9MR",
            "version": 25,
            "itemType": "book",
            "title": "The Shape of Time: Remarks on the History of Things",
            "creators": [
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "George",
                    "lastName": "Kubler"
                }
            ],
            "abstractNote": "Arising from the study of art history, this book presents a radically new approach to the problem of historical change. George Kubler draws upon new insights in fields such as anthropology and linguistics and replaces the notion of style with the idea of a linked succession of works distributed in time as recognizably early and late versions of the same action. The result is a view of historical sequence aligned on continuous change more than upon the ecstatic concept of style--the usual basis for conventional histories of art.",
            "series": "",
            "seriesNumber": "",
            "volume": "",
            "numberOfVolumes": "",
            "edition": "",
            "date": "1962",
            "publisher": "Yale University Press",
            "place": "",
            "originalDate": "",
            "originalPublisher": "",
            "originalPlace": "",
            "format": "",
            "numPages": "148",
            "ISBN": "0-300-00144-4",
            "DOI": "",
            "citationKey": "",
            "url": "",
            "accessDate": "",
            "ISSN": "",
            "archive": "",
            "archiveLocation": "",
            "shortTitle": "The Shape of Time",
            "language": "en",
            "libraryCatalog": "Google Books",
            "callNumber": "",
            "rights": "",
            "extra": "",
            "tags": [
                {
                    "tag": "Art / Criticism & Theory",
                    "type": 1
                }
            ],
            "collections": [
                "RQJ529H6"
            ],
            "relations": {},
            "dateAdded": "2016-01-22T21:24:09Z",
            "dateModified": "2016-01-22T21:24:09Z"
        }
    },
    {
        "key": "SDFT88ES",
        "version": 24,
        "library": {
            "type": "group",
            "id": 239433,
            "name": "Critical Design Research",
            "links": {
                "alternate": {
                    "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/critical_design_research",
                    "type": "text/html"
                }
            }
        },
        "links": {
            "self": {
                "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/239433/items/SDFT88ES",
                "type": "application/json"
            },
            "alternate": {
                "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/critical_design_research/items/SDFT88ES",
                "type": "text/html"
            },
            "up": {
                "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/239433/items/DI2RURNG",
                "type": "application/json"
            }
        },
        "meta": {
            "createdByUser": {
                "id": 580266,
                "username": "jsinger",
                "name": "Joshua Singer",
                "links": {
                    "alternate": {
                        "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jsinger",
                        "type": "text/html"
                    }
                }
            },
            "numChildren": 0
        },
        "data": {
            "key": "SDFT88ES",
            "version": 24,
            "parentItem": "DI2RURNG",
            "itemType": "note",
            "note": "<p>Chronotope: the dialogic, two representations fusing time and space.&nbsp;</p>",
            "tags": [],
            "relations": {},
            "dateAdded": "2015-05-06T19:28:47Z",
            "dateModified": "2015-05-06T19:29:54Z"
        }
    },
    {
        "key": "J9CH6CXM",
        "version": 22,
        "library": {
            "type": "group",
            "id": 239433,
            "name": "Critical Design Research",
            "links": {
                "alternate": {
                    "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/critical_design_research",
                    "type": "text/html"
                }
            }
        },
        "links": {
            "self": {
                "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/239433/items/J9CH6CXM",
                "type": "application/json"
            },
            "alternate": {
                "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/critical_design_research/items/J9CH6CXM",
                "type": "text/html"
            },
            "up": {
                "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/239433/items/DI2RURNG",
                "type": "application/json"
            }
        },
        "meta": {
            "createdByUser": {
                "id": 580266,
                "username": "jsinger",
                "name": "Joshua Singer",
                "links": {
                    "alternate": {
                        "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jsinger",
                        "type": "text/html"
                    }
                }
            },
            "numChildren": 0
        },
        "data": {
            "key": "J9CH6CXM",
            "version": 22,
            "parentItem": "DI2RURNG",
            "itemType": "attachment",
            "linkMode": "imported_file",
            "title": "Kull et al. - 2014 - Landscape semiotics Contribution to culture theor.pdf",
            "accessDate": "",
            "url": "",
            "note": "",
            "contentType": "application/pdf",
            "charset": "",
            "filename": "Kull et al. - 2014 - Landscape semiotics Contribution to culture theor.pdf",
            "md5": "5b69d692ae73099fd73c25fb9e4ddcd8",
            "mtime": 1430940528000,
            "tags": [],
            "relations": {},
            "dateAdded": "2015-05-06T19:28:47Z",
            "dateModified": "2015-05-06T19:28:47Z"
        }
    },
    {
        "key": "QRZPQWAX",
        "version": 22,
        "library": {
            "type": "group",
            "id": 239433,
            "name": "Critical Design Research",
            "links": {
                "alternate": {
                    "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/critical_design_research",
                    "type": "text/html"
                }
            }
        },
        "links": {
            "self": {
                "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/239433/items/QRZPQWAX",
                "type": "application/json"
            },
            "alternate": {
                "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/critical_design_research/items/QRZPQWAX",
                "type": "text/html"
            },
            "up": {
                "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/239433/items/DI2RURNG",
                "type": "application/json"
            }
        },
        "meta": {
            "createdByUser": {
                "id": 580266,
                "username": "jsinger",
                "name": "Joshua Singer",
                "links": {
                    "alternate": {
                        "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jsinger",
                        "type": "text/html"
                    }
                }
            }
        },
        "data": {
            "key": "QRZPQWAX",
            "version": 22,
            "parentItem": "DI2RURNG",
            "itemType": "attachment",
            "linkMode": "imported_url",
            "title": "Snapshot",
            "accessDate": "2015-04-07T20:21:13Z",
            "url": "https://www.academia.edu/11557974/Landscape_semiotics",
            "note": "",
            "contentType": "text/html",
            "charset": "utf-8",
            "filename": "Landscape_semiotics.html",
            "md5": "8154d279bbb3960cbc57354603277328",
            "mtime": 1430940528000,
            "tags": [],
            "relations": {},
            "dateAdded": "2015-05-06T19:28:47Z",
            "dateModified": "2015-05-06T19:28:47Z"
        }
    },
    {
        "key": "DI2RURNG",
        "version": 21,
        "library": {
            "type": "group",
            "id": 239433,
            "name": "Critical Design Research",
            "links": {
                "alternate": {
                    "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/critical_design_research",
                    "type": "text/html"
                }
            }
        },
        "links": {
            "self": {
                "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/239433/items/DI2RURNG",
                "type": "application/json"
            },
            "alternate": {
                "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/critical_design_research/items/DI2RURNG",
                "type": "text/html"
            }
        },
        "meta": {
            "createdByUser": {
                "id": 580266,
                "username": "jsinger",
                "name": "Joshua Singer",
                "links": {
                    "alternate": {
                        "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jsinger",
                        "type": "text/html"
                    }
                }
            },
            "creatorSummary": "Kull et al.",
            "parsedDate": "2014",
            "numChildren": 3
        },
        "data": {
            "key": "DI2RURNG",
            "version": 21,
            "itemType": "bookSection",
            "title": "Landscape semiotics: Contribution to culture theory",
            "creators": [
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Kalevi",
                    "lastName": "Kull"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Kati",
                    "lastName": "Lindström"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Hannes",
                    "lastName": "Palang"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "editor",
                    "firstName": "Kalevi",
                    "lastName": "Kull"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "editor",
                    "firstName": "Valter",
                    "lastName": "Lang"
                }
            ],
            "abstractNote": "We provide an overview of different approaches to the semiotic study of landscapes both in the field of semiotics proper and in landscape studies in general. We describe different approaches to the semiotic processes in landscapes from the semiological tradition in which landscape has been seen as analogous to a text with its language, to more naturalised and phenomenological approaches, including landscape as chronotope, as well as the ecosemiotic view of landscapes that goes beyond anthropocentric definitions. Special attention is paid to the potential of the Tartu–Moscow school’s cultural semiotics to analyse landscapes and the possibilities held by a dynamic, dialogic and holistic landscape definition for the development of ecosemiotics.",
            "bookTitle": "Estonian Approaches to Culture Theory",
            "series": "",
            "seriesNumber": "",
            "volume": "",
            "numberOfVolumes": "",
            "edition": "",
            "date": "2014",
            "publisher": "University of Tartu Press",
            "place": "Tartu",
            "originalDate": "",
            "originalPublisher": "",
            "originalPlace": "",
            "format": "",
            "pages": "110-132",
            "ISBN": "",
            "DOI": "",
            "citationKey": "",
            "url": "https://www.academia.edu/11557974/Landscape_semiotics",
            "accessDate": "2015-04-07T20:21:11Z",
            "ISSN": "",
            "archive": "",
            "archiveLocation": "",
            "shortTitle": "",
            "language": "",
            "libraryCatalog": "",
            "callNumber": "",
            "rights": "",
            "extra": "",
            "tags": [
                {
                    "tag": "landscape"
                },
                {
                    "tag": "semiosphere"
                },
                {
                    "tag": "semiotics"
                }
            ],
            "collections": [
                "6MABHEZR"
            ],
            "relations": {},
            "dateAdded": "2015-05-06T19:28:47Z",
            "dateModified": "2015-05-06T19:28:47Z"
        }
    },
    {
        "key": "FW8FWRJJ",
        "version": 20,
        "library": {
            "type": "group",
            "id": 239433,
            "name": "Critical Design Research",
            "links": {
                "alternate": {
                    "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/critical_design_research",
                    "type": "text/html"
                }
            }
        },
        "links": {
            "self": {
                "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/239433/items/FW8FWRJJ",
                "type": "application/json"
            },
            "alternate": {
                "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/critical_design_research/items/FW8FWRJJ",
                "type": "text/html"
            },
            "up": {
                "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/239433/items/2EIAD383",
                "type": "application/json"
            }
        },
        "meta": {
            "createdByUser": {
                "id": 580266,
                "username": "jsinger",
                "name": "Joshua Singer",
                "links": {
                    "alternate": {
                        "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jsinger",
                        "type": "text/html"
                    }
                }
            },
            "numChildren": 0
        },
        "data": {
            "key": "FW8FWRJJ",
            "version": 20,
            "parentItem": "2EIAD383",
            "itemType": "attachment",
            "linkMode": "imported_file",
            "title": "106596328-Universe-of-the-Mind-a-Semiotic-Theory-of-Culture-Y-lotman-Tauris-1990-600dpi-Lossy.pdf",
            "accessDate": "",
            "url": "",
            "note": "",
            "contentType": "application/pdf",
            "charset": "",
            "filename": "106596328-Universe-of-the-Mind-a-Semiotic-Theory-of-Culture-Y-lotman-Tauris-1990-600dpi-Lossy.pdf",
            "md5": "9015e501baef7c0215abc0c7ffb3d183",
            "mtime": 1430923159000,
            "tags": [],
            "relations": {},
            "dateAdded": "2015-05-06T14:39:18Z",
            "dateModified": "2015-05-06T14:39:18Z"
        }
    },
    {
        "key": "C7B2U7MR",
        "version": 19,
        "library": {
            "type": "group",
            "id": 239433,
            "name": "Critical Design Research",
            "links": {
                "alternate": {
                    "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/critical_design_research",
                    "type": "text/html"
                }
            }
        },
        "links": {
            "self": {
                "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/239433/items/C7B2U7MR",
                "type": "application/json"
            },
            "alternate": {
                "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/critical_design_research/items/C7B2U7MR",
                "type": "text/html"
            },
            "up": {
                "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/239433/items/2EIAD383",
                "type": "application/json"
            }
        },
        "meta": {
            "createdByUser": {
                "id": 580266,
                "username": "jsinger",
                "name": "Joshua Singer",
                "links": {
                    "alternate": {
                        "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jsinger",
                        "type": "text/html"
                    }
                }
            },
            "numChildren": 0
        },
        "data": {
            "key": "C7B2U7MR",
            "version": 19,
            "parentItem": "2EIAD383",
            "itemType": "note",
            "note": "<p>\"This kind of 'illegitimate', imprecise, but approximate translation is one of the most important features of any creative thinking. For these 'illegitimate' associations provoke new semantic connections and give rise to texts that are in principle new ones.\"</p>\n<p>p37</p>",
            "tags": [],
            "relations": {},
            "dateAdded": "2015-05-06T14:39:18Z",
            "dateModified": "2015-05-06T14:39:18Z"
        }
    },
    {
        "key": "N2TZZK3J",
        "version": 19,
        "library": {
            "type": "group",
            "id": 239433,
            "name": "Critical Design Research",
            "links": {
                "alternate": {
                    "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/critical_design_research",
                    "type": "text/html"
                }
            }
        },
        "links": {
            "self": {
                "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/239433/items/N2TZZK3J",
                "type": "application/json"
            },
            "alternate": {
                "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/critical_design_research/items/N2TZZK3J",
                "type": "text/html"
            },
            "up": {
                "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/239433/items/2EIAD383",
                "type": "application/json"
            }
        },
        "meta": {
            "createdByUser": {
                "id": 580266,
                "username": "jsinger",
                "name": "Joshua Singer",
                "links": {
                    "alternate": {
                        "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jsinger",
                        "type": "text/html"
                    }
                }
            },
            "numChildren": 0
        },
        "data": {
            "key": "N2TZZK3J",
            "version": 19,
            "parentItem": "2EIAD383",
            "itemType": "note",
            "note": "<p>Studies carried out on the specific functioning of the large hemispheres of the human brain have revealed a profound analogy between it and the organization of culture as a collective intellect. In both cases we find there are at least two essentially different ways of reflecting the world and working out new information, and that in both cases there are complex mechanisms for exchanging texts between these systems. In both cases we observe a generally analogous structure: within one consciousness there are as it were two consciousnesses. The one operates as a discrete system of coding and forms texts which come together like linear chains of linked segments. <span style=\"background-color: #ffff00;\">In this system the basic bearer of meaning is the segment (= the sign), while the chain of segments (= the text) is secondary, its meaning being derived from the meaning of the signs. In the second system the text is primary, being the bearer of the basic meaning. This text is not discrete but continuous. Its meaning is organized neither in a linear nor in a temporal sequence, but is 'washed over' the n-dimension semantic space of the given text (the canvas of a picture, the space of a stage, of a screen, a ritual, of social behaviour or of a dream). In texts of this type the text is the bearer of the meaning. We may have difficulty in isolating its component signs, and this task smacks of artificiality.</span></p>\n<p>p36</p>",
            "tags": [],
            "relations": {},
            "dateAdded": "2015-05-06T14:39:18Z",
            "dateModified": "2015-05-06T14:39:18Z"
        }
    },
    {
        "key": "HJ79XEZD",
        "version": 19,
        "library": {
            "type": "group",
            "id": 239433,
            "name": "Critical Design Research",
            "links": {
                "alternate": {
                    "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/critical_design_research",
                    "type": "text/html"
                }
            }
        },
        "links": {
            "self": {
                "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/239433/items/HJ79XEZD",
                "type": "application/json"
            },
            "alternate": {
                "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/critical_design_research/items/HJ79XEZD",
                "type": "text/html"
            },
            "up": {
                "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/239433/items/2EIAD383",
                "type": "application/json"
            }
        },
        "meta": {
            "createdByUser": {
                "id": 580266,
                "username": "jsinger",
                "name": "Joshua Singer",
                "links": {
                    "alternate": {
                        "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jsinger",
                        "type": "text/html"
                    }
                }
            },
            "numChildren": 0
        },
        "data": {
            "key": "HJ79XEZD",
            "version": 19,
            "parentItem": "2EIAD383",
            "itemType": "note",
            "note": "<p>No less complex are the relationships between human beings and the spatial image of the world. <span style=\"background-color: #ffff00;\">On the one hand, the image is created by man, and on the other, it actively forms the person immersed in it.</span> Here it is possible to draw a parallel with natural language. We could say that the activity generated by human beings towards the spatial model has its origin in the collective, whereas the reverse tendency affects the individual. But there is also a parallel in poetic language, which creates a personality which then has a reverse effect on the collective. As in the process of language-formation so in the process of spatial modelling both tendencies are active.</p>\n<p>p204</p>",
            "tags": [],
            "relations": {},
            "dateAdded": "2015-05-06T14:39:18Z",
            "dateModified": "2015-05-06T14:39:18Z"
        }
    },
    {
        "key": "UXJ3DIEU",
        "version": 19,
        "library": {
            "type": "group",
            "id": 239433,
            "name": "Critical Design Research",
            "links": {
                "alternate": {
                    "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/critical_design_research",
                    "type": "text/html"
                }
            }
        },
        "links": {
            "self": {
                "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/239433/items/UXJ3DIEU",
                "type": "application/json"
            },
            "alternate": {
                "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/critical_design_research/items/UXJ3DIEU",
                "type": "text/html"
            },
            "up": {
                "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/239433/items/2EIAD383",
                "type": "application/json"
            }
        },
        "meta": {
            "createdByUser": {
                "id": 580266,
                "username": "jsinger",
                "name": "Joshua Singer",
                "links": {
                    "alternate": {
                        "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jsinger",
                        "type": "text/html"
                    }
                }
            },
            "numChildren": 0
        },
        "data": {
            "key": "UXJ3DIEU",
            "version": 19,
            "parentItem": "2EIAD383",
            "itemType": "note",
            "note": "<p>\"But then we have also to take account of the fact that different languages circulate for different periods: fashion in clothes changes at a speed which cannot be compared with the rate of change of the literary language, and Romanticism in dance is not synchronized with Romanticism in architecture. So, while some parts of the semiosphere are still enjoying the poetics of Romanticism, others may have moved far on into post-Romanticism. So even our artificial model will not give us a homologous picture across a strictly synchronie section. This\"</p>\n<p>p126</p>",
            "tags": [],
            "relations": {},
            "dateAdded": "2015-05-06T14:39:18Z",
            "dateModified": "2015-05-06T14:39:18Z"
        }
    },
    {
        "key": "2CSCVV5Q",
        "version": 19,
        "library": {
            "type": "group",
            "id": 239433,
            "name": "Critical Design Research",
            "links": {
                "alternate": {
                    "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/critical_design_research",
                    "type": "text/html"
                }
            }
        },
        "links": {
            "self": {
                "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/239433/items/2CSCVV5Q",
                "type": "application/json"
            },
            "alternate": {
                "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/critical_design_research/items/2CSCVV5Q",
                "type": "text/html"
            },
            "up": {
                "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/239433/items/2EIAD383",
                "type": "application/json"
            }
        },
        "meta": {
            "createdByUser": {
                "id": 580266,
                "username": "jsinger",
                "name": "Joshua Singer",
                "links": {
                    "alternate": {
                        "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jsinger",
                        "type": "text/html"
                    }
                }
            },
            "numChildren": 0
        },
        "data": {
            "key": "2CSCVV5Q",
            "version": 19,
            "parentItem": "2EIAD383",
            "itemType": "note",
            "note": "<p>The importance of spatial models created by culture lies in the fact that, unlike other basic forms of semiotic modelling, spatial models are constructed not on a verbal, discrete basis but on an <span style=\"background-color: #ffff00;\">iconic continuum</span>. Their foundation are visually visible iconic texts and verbalization of them is secondary. <span style=\"background-color: #ffff00;\">This image of the universe can better be danced than told, better drawn, sculpted or built than logically explicated.</span></p>\n<p>p203</p>",
            "tags": [],
            "relations": {},
            "dateAdded": "2015-05-06T14:39:18Z",
            "dateModified": "2015-05-06T14:39:18Z"
        }
    },
    {
        "key": "UR7KEVDE",
        "version": 19,
        "library": {
            "type": "group",
            "id": 239433,
            "name": "Critical Design Research",
            "links": {
                "alternate": {
                    "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/critical_design_research",
                    "type": "text/html"
                }
            }
        },
        "links": {
            "self": {
                "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/239433/items/UR7KEVDE",
                "type": "application/json"
            },
            "alternate": {
                "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/critical_design_research/items/UR7KEVDE",
                "type": "text/html"
            },
            "up": {
                "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/239433/items/2EIAD383",
                "type": "application/json"
            }
        },
        "meta": {
            "createdByUser": {
                "id": 580266,
                "username": "jsinger",
                "name": "Joshua Singer",
                "links": {
                    "alternate": {
                        "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jsinger",
                        "type": "text/html"
                    }
                }
            },
            "numChildren": 0
        },
        "data": {
            "key": "UR7KEVDE",
            "version": 19,
            "parentItem": "2EIAD383",
            "itemType": "note",
            "note": "<p>The city is a complex semiotic mechanism, a culture-generator, but it carries out this function only because it is a melting-pot of texts and codes, belonging to all kinds of languages and levels. <span style=\"background-color: #ffff00;\">The essential semiotic polyglottism of every city is what makes it so productive of semiotic encounters</span>. The city, being the place where different national, social and stylistic codes and texts confront each other, is <span style=\"background-color: #ffff00;\">the place of hybridization, recodings, semiotic translations, all of which makes it into a powerful generator of new information</span>. These confrontations work diachronically as well as synchronically: architectural ensembles, city rituals and ceremonies, the very plan of the city, the street names and thousands of other left-overs from past ages act as code programmes constantly renewing the texts of the past. <span style=\"background-color: #ffff00;\">The city is a mechanism, forever recreating its past, which then can be synchronically juxtaposed with the present.</span> In this sense the city, like culture, is a mechanism which withstands time.</p>\n<p>p194-195</p>",
            "tags": [],
            "relations": {},
            "dateAdded": "2015-05-06T14:39:18Z",
            "dateModified": "2015-05-06T14:39:18Z"
        }
    },
    {
        "key": "B836IM3U",
        "version": 19,
        "library": {
            "type": "group",
            "id": 239433,
            "name": "Critical Design Research",
            "links": {
                "alternate": {
                    "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/critical_design_research",
                    "type": "text/html"
                }
            }
        },
        "links": {
            "self": {
                "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/239433/items/B836IM3U",
                "type": "application/json"
            },
            "alternate": {
                "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/critical_design_research/items/B836IM3U",
                "type": "text/html"
            },
            "up": {
                "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/239433/items/2EIAD383",
                "type": "application/json"
            }
        },
        "meta": {
            "createdByUser": {
                "id": 580266,
                "username": "jsinger",
                "name": "Joshua Singer",
                "links": {
                    "alternate": {
                        "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jsinger",
                        "type": "text/html"
                    }
                }
            },
            "numChildren": 0
        },
        "data": {
            "key": "B836IM3U",
            "version": 19,
            "parentItem": "2EIAD383",
            "itemType": "note",
            "note": "<p>Text's memory</p>\n<p>\"The sum of the contexts in which a given text acquires interpretation and which are in a way incorporated in it may be termed the text's memory. This meaningspace created by the text around itself enters into relationship with the cultural memory (tradition) already formed in the consciousness of the audience. As a result the text acquires semiotic life.\"</p>\n<p>Any culture is constantly bombarded by chance isolated texts which fall on it like a shower of meteorites. What we have in mind are not the texts which are included in a continuing tradition which has an influence on the culture, but isolated and disruptive invasions.\"</p>\n<p>p18</p>",
            "tags": [],
            "relations": {},
            "dateAdded": "2015-05-06T14:39:18Z",
            "dateModified": "2015-05-06T14:39:18Z"
        }
    },
    {
        "key": "XIA4K5CX",
        "version": 19,
        "library": {
            "type": "group",
            "id": 239433,
            "name": "Critical Design Research",
            "links": {
                "alternate": {
                    "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/critical_design_research",
                    "type": "text/html"
                }
            }
        },
        "links": {
            "self": {
                "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/239433/items/XIA4K5CX",
                "type": "application/json"
            },
            "alternate": {
                "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/critical_design_research/items/XIA4K5CX",
                "type": "text/html"
            },
            "up": {
                "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/239433/items/2EIAD383",
                "type": "application/json"
            }
        },
        "meta": {
            "createdByUser": {
                "id": 580266,
                "username": "jsinger",
                "name": "Joshua Singer",
                "links": {
                    "alternate": {
                        "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jsinger",
                        "type": "text/html"
                    }
                }
            },
            "numChildren": 0
        },
        "data": {
            "key": "XIA4K5CX",
            "version": 19,
            "parentItem": "2EIAD383",
            "itemType": "note",
            "note": "<p>on translation:</p>\n<p>\"The asymmetrical relationship, the constant need for choice, make translation in this case an act of generating new information and exemplify the creative function both of language and of the text.\"</p>\n<p>p15</p>",
            "tags": [],
            "relations": {},
            "dateAdded": "2015-05-06T14:39:18Z",
            "dateModified": "2015-05-06T14:39:18Z"
        }
    },
    {
        "key": "4A2PN2P8",
        "version": 19,
        "library": {
            "type": "group",
            "id": 239433,
            "name": "Critical Design Research",
            "links": {
                "alternate": {
                    "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/critical_design_research",
                    "type": "text/html"
                }
            }
        },
        "links": {
            "self": {
                "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/239433/items/4A2PN2P8",
                "type": "application/json"
            },
            "alternate": {
                "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/critical_design_research/items/4A2PN2P8",
                "type": "text/html"
            },
            "up": {
                "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/239433/items/2EIAD383",
                "type": "application/json"
            }
        },
        "meta": {
            "createdByUser": {
                "id": 580266,
                "username": "jsinger",
                "name": "Joshua Singer",
                "links": {
                    "alternate": {
                        "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jsinger",
                        "type": "text/html"
                    }
                }
            },
            "numChildren": 0
        },
        "data": {
            "key": "4A2PN2P8",
            "version": 19,
            "parentItem": "2EIAD383",
            "itemType": "note",
            "note": "<p>A symbol always has something archaic about it. Every culture needs a body of texts which serves the function of archaism. Symbols cluster here thickly and with reason because the core group of symbols are indeed archaic and go back to pre-literate times when certain signs (which are as a rule elementary space-indicators) were the condensed mnemonic programmes for the texts and stories preserved in the community's oral memory. <span style=\"background-color: #ffff00;\">Symbols have preserved this ability to store up extremely long and important texts in condensed form.</span> But even more interesting is another feature, also an archaic one: a symbol, being a finalized text, does not have to be included in a syntagmatic chain, and if it is included in one, it preserves its own semantic and structural independence. <span style=\"background-color: #ffff00;\">It can readily be picked out from its semiotic context and just as readily enter a new textual context.</span> This leads us to another important feature: a symbol never belongs only to one synchronie section of a culture, it always cuts across that section vertically, coming from the past and passing on into the future. A symbol's memory is always more ancient that the memory of its non-symbolic text-context.<br /><br />Every text of a culture is by definition heterogeneous. Even in a strictly synchronie section the heterogeneity of the languages of culture forms a complex plurality of voices. The common idea that if we say 'period of Classicism' or 'period of Romanticism' we have defined the totality of a cultural period, or at least its dominant tendency, is a mere illusion resulting from the descriptive language we have adopted. The wheels of the various mechanisms of a culture move at different rates. <span style=\"background-color: #ffff00;\">The speed at which natural language develops cannot be compared, for instance, with the speed of fashion; the domain of the sacred is always more conservative than the domain of the profane.</span> Hence the internal diversity which is a fundamental law for a culture's existence. Symbols are among 104 The Symbol in the Cultural System the most stable elements of the cultural continuum.</p>\n<p>p103</p>",
            "tags": [],
            "relations": {},
            "dateAdded": "2015-05-06T14:39:18Z",
            "dateModified": "2015-05-06T14:39:18Z"
        }
    },
    {
        "key": "9XITF5VA",
        "version": 19,
        "library": {
            "type": "group",
            "id": 239433,
            "name": "Critical Design Research",
            "links": {
                "alternate": {
                    "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/critical_design_research",
                    "type": "text/html"
                }
            }
        },
        "links": {
            "self": {
                "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/239433/items/9XITF5VA",
                "type": "application/json"
            },
            "alternate": {
                "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/critical_design_research/items/9XITF5VA",
                "type": "text/html"
            },
            "up": {
                "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/239433/items/2EIAD383",
                "type": "application/json"
            }
        },
        "meta": {
            "createdByUser": {
                "id": 580266,
                "username": "jsinger",
                "name": "Joshua Singer",
                "links": {
                    "alternate": {
                        "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jsinger",
                        "type": "text/html"
                    }
                }
            },
            "numChildren": 0
        },
        "data": {
            "key": "9XITF5VA",
            "version": 19,
            "parentItem": "2EIAD383",
            "itemType": "note",
            "note": "<p>Artificial languages model not language as such but one of its functions - the ability to transmit a message adequately; because semiotic structures when they achieve this function to perfection lose the capacity of serving other functions which are inherent to them in the natural state. So what are these functions?<br /><br />First of all, the creative function. <span style=\"background-color: #ffff00;\">Every system which fulfills the entire range of semiotic possibilities not only transmits ready made messages but also serves as a generator of new ones.</span></p>\n<p>p13</p>",
            "tags": [],
            "relations": {},
            "dateAdded": "2015-05-06T14:39:18Z",
            "dateModified": "2015-05-06T14:39:18Z"
        }
    },
    {
        "key": "2EIAD383",
        "version": 19,
        "library": {
            "type": "group",
            "id": 239433,
            "name": "Critical Design Research",
            "links": {
                "alternate": {
                    "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/critical_design_research",
                    "type": "text/html"
                }
            }
        },
        "links": {
            "self": {
                "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/239433/items/2EIAD383",
                "type": "application/json"
            },
            "alternate": {
                "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/critical_design_research/items/2EIAD383",
                "type": "text/html"
            }
        },
        "meta": {
            "createdByUser": {
                "id": 580266,
                "username": "jsinger",
                "name": "Joshua Singer",
                "links": {
                    "alternate": {
                        "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jsinger",
                        "type": "text/html"
                    }
                }
            },
            "creatorSummary": "Lotman",
            "parsedDate": "2000",
            "numChildren": 11
        },
        "data": {
            "key": "2EIAD383",
            "version": 19,
            "itemType": "book",
            "title": "Universe of the Mind: A Semiotic Theory of Culture",
            "creators": [
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Y.M.",
                    "lastName": "Lotman"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "translator",
                    "firstName": "A.",
                    "lastName": "Shukman"
                }
            ],
            "abstractNote": "",
            "series": "The Second World Series",
            "seriesNumber": "",
            "volume": "",
            "numberOfVolumes": "",
            "edition": "",
            "date": "2000",
            "publisher": "Indiana University Press",
            "place": "",
            "originalDate": "",
            "originalPublisher": "",
            "originalPlace": "",
            "format": "",
            "numPages": "",
            "ISBN": "9780253214058",
            "DOI": "",
            "citationKey": "",
            "url": "http://books.google.com/books?id=0-xSQHU1YNYC",
            "accessDate": "",
            "ISSN": "",
            "archive": "",
            "archiveLocation": "",
            "shortTitle": "",
            "language": "",
            "libraryCatalog": "",
            "callNumber": "90039870",
            "rights": "",
            "extra": "",
            "tags": [],
            "collections": [
                "6MABHEZR"
            ],
            "relations": {},
            "dateAdded": "2015-05-06T14:39:18Z",
            "dateModified": "2015-05-06T14:39:18Z"
        }
    },
    {
        "key": "R7666D8V",
        "version": 18,
        "library": {
            "type": "group",
            "id": 239433,
            "name": "Critical Design Research",
            "links": {
                "alternate": {
                    "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/critical_design_research",
                    "type": "text/html"
                }
            }
        },
        "links": {
            "self": {
                "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/239433/items/R7666D8V",
                "type": "application/json"
            },
            "alternate": {
                "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/critical_design_research/items/R7666D8V",
                "type": "text/html"
            },
            "up": {
                "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/239433/items/NNXIZIFG",
                "type": "application/json"
            }
        },
        "meta": {
            "createdByUser": {
                "id": 580266,
                "username": "jsinger",
                "name": "Joshua Singer",
                "links": {
                    "alternate": {
                        "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jsinger",
                        "type": "text/html"
                    }
                }
            }
        },
        "data": {
            "key": "R7666D8V",
            "version": 18,
            "parentItem": "NNXIZIFG",
            "itemType": "attachment",
            "linkMode": "imported_url",
            "title": "Snapshot",
            "accessDate": "2015-03-21T00:37:38Z",
            "url": "https://scholarworks.iu.edu/journals/index.php/artifact/article/view/4045",
            "note": "",
            "contentType": "text/html",
            "charset": "utf-8",
            "filename": "4045.html",
            "md5": "ee0d799fecd8611ffc21bbb048a1e55a",
            "mtime": 1426898279000,
            "tags": [],
            "relations": {},
            "dateAdded": "2015-03-21T00:37:58Z",
            "dateModified": "2015-03-21T00:37:58Z"
        }
    },
    {
        "key": "KJJJ3943",
        "version": 18,
        "library": {
            "type": "group",
            "id": 239433,
            "name": "Critical Design Research",
            "links": {
                "alternate": {
                    "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/critical_design_research",
                    "type": "text/html"
                }
            }
        },
        "links": {
            "self": {
                "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/239433/items/KJJJ3943",
                "type": "application/json"
            },
            "alternate": {
                "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/critical_design_research/items/KJJJ3943",
                "type": "text/html"
            },
            "up": {
                "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/239433/items/NNXIZIFG",
                "type": "application/json"
            }
        },
        "meta": {
            "createdByUser": {
                "id": 580266,
                "username": "jsinger",
                "name": "Joshua Singer",
                "links": {
                    "alternate": {
                        "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jsinger",
                        "type": "text/html"
                    }
                }
            },
            "numChildren": 0
        },
        "data": {
            "key": "KJJJ3943",
            "version": 18,
            "parentItem": "NNXIZIFG",
            "itemType": "attachment",
            "linkMode": "imported_url",
            "title": "Full Text PDF",
            "accessDate": "2015-03-21T00:37:29Z",
            "url": "https://scholarworks.iu.edu/journals/index.php/artifact/article/download/4045/19737",
            "note": "",
            "contentType": "application/pdf",
            "charset": "",
            "filename": "Knutz et al. - 2014 - The Role of Fiction in Experiments within Design, .pdf",
            "md5": "594c02e013f5a29b36f2b652b5200849",
            "mtime": 1426898279000,
            "tags": [],
            "relations": {},
            "dateAdded": "2015-03-21T00:37:58Z",
            "dateModified": "2015-03-21T00:37:58Z"
        }
    },
    {
        "key": "NNXIZIFG",
        "version": 17,
        "library": {
            "type": "group",
            "id": 239433,
            "name": "Critical Design Research",
            "links": {
                "alternate": {
                    "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/critical_design_research",
                    "type": "text/html"
                }
            }
        },
        "links": {
            "self": {
                "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/239433/items/NNXIZIFG",
                "type": "application/json"
            },
            "alternate": {
                "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/critical_design_research/items/NNXIZIFG",
                "type": "text/html"
            }
        },
        "meta": {
            "createdByUser": {
                "id": 580266,
                "username": "jsinger",
                "name": "Joshua Singer",
                "links": {
                    "alternate": {
                        "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jsinger",
                        "type": "text/html"
                    }
                }
            },
            "creatorSummary": "Knutz et al.",
            "parsedDate": "2014-12-31",
            "numChildren": 2
        },
        "data": {
            "key": "NNXIZIFG",
            "version": 17,
            "itemType": "journalArticle",
            "title": "The Role of Fiction in Experiments within Design, Art & Architecture",
            "creators": [
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Eva",
                    "lastName": "Knutz"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Thomas",
                    "lastName": "Markussen"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Poul Rind",
                    "lastName": "Christensen"
                }
            ],
            "abstractNote": "This paper offers a typology for understanding design fiction as a new approach in design research. The typology allows design researchers to explain design fictions according to 5 criteria: (1) “What if scenarios” as the basic construal principle of design fiction; (2) the manifestation of critique; (3) design aims; (4) materializations and forms; and (5) the aesthetic of design fictions. The typology is premised on the idea that fiction may integrate with reality in many different ways in design experiments. The explanatory power of the typology is exemplified through the analyses of 6 case projects.",
            "publicationTitle": "Artifact",
            "publisher": "",
            "place": "",
            "date": "2014/12/31",
            "volume": "3",
            "issue": "2",
            "section": "",
            "partNumber": "",
            "partTitle": "",
            "pages": "8-1-8.13",
            "series": "",
            "seriesTitle": "",
            "seriesText": "",
            "journalAbbreviation": "",
            "DOI": "10.14434/artifact.v3i2.4045",
            "citationKey": "",
            "url": "https://scholarworks.iu.edu/journals/index.php/artifact/article/view/4045",
            "accessDate": "2015-03-21T00:37:29Z",
            "PMID": "",
            "PMCID": "",
            "ISSN": "1749-3471",
            "archive": "",
            "archiveLocation": "",
            "shortTitle": "",
            "language": "en",
            "libraryCatalog": "scholarworks.iu.edu",
            "callNumber": "",
            "rights": "Copyright (c) 2015 Artifact",
            "extra": "",
            "tags": [
                {
                    "tag": "Design Experiments",
                    "type": 1
                },
                {
                    "tag": "Design Fiction",
                    "type": 1
                },
                {
                    "tag": "Fictional Practices",
                    "type": 1
                },
                {
                    "tag": "Prototyping Futures",
                    "type": 1
                },
                {
                    "tag": "Utopianism",
                    "type": 1
                }
            ],
            "collections": [
                "EUP26PFV"
            ],
            "relations": {},
            "dateAdded": "2015-03-21T00:37:58Z",
            "dateModified": "2015-03-21T00:37:58Z"
        }
    },
    {
        "key": "RZUXJ237",
        "version": 16,
        "library": {
            "type": "group",
            "id": 239433,
            "name": "Critical Design Research",
            "links": {
                "alternate": {
                    "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/critical_design_research",
                    "type": "text/html"
                }
            }
        },
        "links": {
            "self": {
                "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/239433/items/RZUXJ237",
                "type": "application/json"
            },
            "alternate": {
                "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/critical_design_research/items/RZUXJ237",
                "type": "text/html"
            },
            "up": {
                "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/239433/items/CRCUHGHW",
                "type": "application/json"
            }
        },
        "meta": {
            "createdByUser": {
                "id": 580266,
                "username": "jsinger",
                "name": "Joshua Singer",
                "links": {
                    "alternate": {
                        "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jsinger",
                        "type": "text/html"
                    }
                }
            },
            "numChildren": 0
        },
        "data": {
            "key": "RZUXJ237",
            "version": 16,
            "parentItem": "CRCUHGHW",
            "itemType": "note",
            "note": "<p>\"I shall submit the following thesis: the radical qualities of art, that is to say, its indictment of the established reality and its invocation of the beautiful image (shöner Schein) of liberation are grounded precisely in the dimensions where art transcends its social determination and emancipates itself from the given universe of discourse and behaviour while preserving its over whelming presence. Thereby art creates the realm in which the subversion of experience proper to art becomes possible: the world formed by art is recognized as a reality which is suppressed and distorted in the given reality. This culminates in extreme situations (of love and death, guilt and failure, but also joy, happiness, and fulfillment) which explode the given reality in the name of a truth normally denied or even unheard. The inner logic of the work of art terminates in the emergence of another reason, another sensibility, which defy the rationality and sensibility incorporated in the dominant social institutions\" p 6-7</p>",
            "tags": [],
            "relations": {},
            "dateAdded": "2015-01-19T18:55:31Z",
            "dateModified": "2015-01-19T18:55:31Z"
        }
    },
    {
        "key": "CRCUHGHW",
        "version": 16,
        "library": {
            "type": "group",
            "id": 239433,
            "name": "Critical Design Research",
            "links": {
                "alternate": {
                    "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/critical_design_research",
                    "type": "text/html"
                }
            }
        },
        "links": {
            "self": {
                "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/239433/items/CRCUHGHW",
                "type": "application/json"
            },
            "alternate": {
                "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/critical_design_research/items/CRCUHGHW",
                "type": "text/html"
            }
        },
        "meta": {
            "createdByUser": {
                "id": 580266,
                "username": "jsinger",
                "name": "Joshua Singer",
                "links": {
                    "alternate": {
                        "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jsinger",
                        "type": "text/html"
                    }
                }
            },
            "creatorSummary": "Marcuse",
            "parsedDate": "1979",
            "numChildren": 1
        },
        "data": {
            "key": "CRCUHGHW",
            "version": 16,
            "itemType": "book",
            "title": "The Aesthetic Dimension: Toward a Critique of Marxist Aesthetics",
            "creators": [
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "H.",
                    "lastName": "Marcuse"
                }
            ],
            "abstractNote": "",
            "series": "Ariadne book",
            "seriesNumber": "",
            "volume": "",
            "numberOfVolumes": "",
            "edition": "",
            "date": "1979",
            "publisher": "Beacon Press",
            "place": "",
            "originalDate": "",
            "originalPublisher": "",
            "originalPlace": "",
            "format": "",
            "numPages": "",
            "ISBN": "9780807015193",
            "DOI": "",
            "citationKey": "",
            "url": "",
            "accessDate": "",
            "ISSN": "",
            "archive": "",
            "archiveLocation": "",
            "shortTitle": "",
            "language": "",
            "libraryCatalog": "",
            "callNumber": "76009001",
            "rights": "",
            "extra": "",
            "tags": [
                {
                    "tag": "Art and design"
                }
            ],
            "collections": [],
            "relations": {},
            "dateAdded": "2015-01-19T18:55:31Z",
            "dateModified": "2015-01-19T18:55:31Z"
        }
    },
    {
        "key": "JG2WQWP5",
        "version": 15,
        "library": {
            "type": "group",
            "id": 239433,
            "name": "Critical Design Research",
            "links": {
                "alternate": {
                    "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/critical_design_research",
                    "type": "text/html"
                }
            }
        },
        "links": {
            "self": {
                "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/239433/items/JG2WQWP5",
                "type": "application/json"
            },
            "alternate": {
                "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/critical_design_research/items/JG2WQWP5",
                "type": "text/html"
            },
            "up": {
                "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/239433/items/ZZS445TS",
                "type": "application/json"
            }
        },
        "meta": {
            "createdByUser": {
                "id": 580266,
                "username": "jsinger",
                "name": "Joshua Singer",
                "links": {
                    "alternate": {
                        "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jsinger",
                        "type": "text/html"
                    }
                }
            },
            "numChildren": 0
        },
        "data": {
            "key": "JG2WQWP5",
            "version": 15,
            "parentItem": "ZZS445TS",
            "itemType": "attachment",
            "linkMode": "imported_file",
            "title": "Maran_Kull_2014-libre.pdf",
            "accessDate": "",
            "url": "",
            "note": "",
            "contentType": "application/pdf",
            "charset": "",
            "filename": "Maran_Kull_2014-libre.pdf",
            "md5": "165e5629c4f775031b0936e31926eb54",
            "mtime": 1421370083000,
            "tags": [],
            "relations": {},
            "dateAdded": "2015-01-16T01:01:12Z",
            "dateModified": "2015-01-16T01:01:12Z"
        }
    }
]