[ { "key": "M7F85AKE", "version": 182, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 233968, "name": "netculture", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/netculture", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/233968/items/M7F85AKE", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/netculture/items/M7F85AKE", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/233968/items/E7WQP9PT", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 9873, "username": "andresmh", "name": "andresmh", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/andresmh", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "M7F85AKE", "version": 182, "parentItem": "E7WQP9PT", "itemType": "note", "note": "

We should cite this for blah

", "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2022-02-16T16:56:18Z", "dateModified": "2022-02-16T16:56:24Z" } }, { "key": "U82X38VN", "version": 181, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 233968, "name": "netculture", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/netculture", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/233968/items/U82X38VN", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/netculture/items/U82X38VN", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1699703, "username": "hongkonggong", "name": "Jason Li", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/hongkonggong", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Hristova", "parsedDate": "2014", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "U82X38VN", "version": 181, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Visual Memes as Neutralizers of Political Dissent", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Stefka", "lastName": "Hristova" } ], "abstractNote": "A meme, conceived as the cultural equivalent of the biological gene by Richard Dawkins, spread through culture like a virus – quickly and widely. Its viral power is in turn understood as product of nature, rather than culture – or rather as threatening to subvert culture into a condition of nature. Firing up over night, and disappearing just as quickly, memes are often allowed to run their course and fade into oblivion, only to return again. They emerge at moments of contestation of dominant narratives and through their participatory structure of imitation and mutation allow for the dissolution of points of ideological conflict and the reestablishment of a normative narrative. If not too threatening to the health of the state body, these cultural viruses are left unchecked as they build the immunity, and further, in Derrida’s terms, the “autoimmunity” of the nation-state. In this project, I explore the role of visual Internet memes as neutralizers of contested past and present narratives of occupation and dissent by focusing the digital visual memes associated with the Occupy Movement in the United States. More specifically, I examine the emergence of the term “occupy” as an visual Internet meme in and of itself – Occupy Wall Street spurred Occupy Chicago, Oakland and even Sesame Street and the North Pole, as well as a marker of a revolution - revolving viral civil and political dissent. I argue that there is a notable distinction between physical participation the Occupy Movement and virtual participation through the reworking of Occupy’s memes, where as the first modality serves as an active disruptor of the political normative imaginary, the second works in precisely the opposite fashion - in its reconstitution of a common-sense dominant image of the political.", "publicationTitle": "tripleC: Communication, Capitalism & Critique", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2014", "volume": "12", "issue": "1", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "265-276", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.triple-c.at/index.php/tripleC/article/view/507", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "English", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Occupy" }, { "tag": "autoimmunity" }, { "tag": "internet culture" }, { "tag": "memes" }, { "tag": "political dissent" }, { "tag": "revolution" }, { "tag": "viral media" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-03-21T05:02:44Z", "dateModified": "2014-03-21T05:04:12Z" } }, { "key": "QXFBK7BD", "version": 178, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 233968, "name": "netculture", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/netculture", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/233968/items/QXFBK7BD", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/netculture/items/QXFBK7BD", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/233968/items/WBNRQPXD", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1699703, "username": "hongkonggong", "name": "Jason Li", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/hongkonggong", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "QXFBK7BD", "version": 178, "parentItem": "WBNRQPXD", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "imported_file", "title": "2011_Howard-Duffy-Freelon-Hussain-Mari-Mazaid_pITPI.pdf", "accessDate": "", "url": "", "note": "", "contentType": "application/pdf", "charset": "", "filename": "2011_Howard-Duffy-Freelon-Hussain-Mari-Mazaid_pITPI.pdf", "md5": "c518cbb3fdfd5c47e1c0eaffca1e5cbf", "mtime": 1392281017000, "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-02-13T08:43:37Z", "dateModified": "2014-02-13T08:43:37Z" } }, { "key": "WBNRQPXD", "version": 176, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 233968, "name": "netculture", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/netculture", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/233968/items/WBNRQPXD", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/netculture/items/WBNRQPXD", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1699703, "username": "hongkonggong", "name": "Jason Li", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/hongkonggong", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Howard et al.", "parsedDate": "2011-01", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "WBNRQPXD", "version": 176, "itemType": "document", "title": "Opening Closed Regimes: What Was the Role of Social Media During the Arab Spring?", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Philip N.", "lastName": "Howard" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Aiden", "lastName": "Duffy" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Freelon", "lastName": "Deen" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Muzammil", "lastName": "Hussain" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Will", "lastName": "Mari" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Marwa", "lastName": "Mazaid" } ], "abstractNote": "Social media played a central role in shaping political debates in the Arab Spring. A spike in online revolutionary conversations often preceded major events on the ground. Social media helped spread democratic ideas across international borders.", "type": "", "date": "January 2011", "publisher": "Project on Information Technology and Political Islam", "place": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "English", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-02-13T08:40:54Z", "dateModified": "2014-02-13T08:43:08Z" } }, { "key": "7RQXWIFV", "version": 171, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 233968, "name": "netculture", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/netculture", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/233968/items/7RQXWIFV", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/netculture/items/7RQXWIFV", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/233968/items/IB7N37IG", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1699703, "username": "hongkonggong", "name": "Jason Li", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/hongkonggong", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "7RQXWIFV", "version": 171, "parentItem": "IB7N37IG", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "imported_file", "title": "2014_-__-_ExpandingcivicengagementinChinaSuperGirlandenterta[retrieved-2014-02-12].pdf", "accessDate": "", "url": "", "note": "", "contentType": "application/pdf", "charset": "", "filename": "2014_-__-_ExpandingcivicengagementinChinaSuperGirlandenterta[retrieved-2014-02-12].pdf", "md5": "7b3fd2761f2d1bdbf89d900112b370b2", "mtime": 1392280730000, "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-02-13T08:38:50Z", "dateModified": "2014-02-13T08:38:50Z" } }, { "key": "IB7N37IG", "version": 170, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 233968, "name": "netculture", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/netculture", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/233968/items/IB7N37IG", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/netculture/items/IB7N37IG", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1699703, "username": "hongkonggong", "name": "Jason Li", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/hongkonggong", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Wu", "parsedDate": "2013-08-27", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "IB7N37IG", "version": 170, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Expanding civic engagement in China: Super Girl and entertainment-based online community", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Jingsi Christina", "lastName": "Wu" } ], "abstractNote": "This article pursues a context-rich understanding of how digital media offer unique opportunities for citizens residing in mainland China to participate in civic engagement and organize their civic values. While the Chinese state authority keeps a heavy hand in any form of media, old or new, for use of overt political expressions, I provide empirical demonstration of the link between entertainment media experiences and the exchange on more serious civic topics. In doing so, I argue for a more expanded notion of civic engagement for political environments such as China and develop an empirical scheme that incorporates ordinary citizens' interactions with more leisure-oriented media texts. Such theoretical and empirical moves, as I point out, can contribute to a more thoughtful discussion of the Internet and civic engagement in China. Furthermore, this article pays particular attention to how the Internet provides a valuable channel for community formation among ordinary Chinese citizens outside the mainstream media, which are mostly occupied by state elites. My examination suggests that the Internet helps online discussants reach further depth in their extension from entertainment discussion to constructing serious discourses on important social issues, more so than the mainstream newspapers.", "publicationTitle": "Information, Communication & Society", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "27 Aug 2013", "volume": "17", "issue": "1", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "105-120", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "10.1080/1369118X.2013.833276", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1369118X.2013.833276", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "English", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "China" }, { "tag": "civic engagement" }, { "tag": "entertainment" }, { "tag": "mainstream media" }, { "tag": "new media" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-02-13T08:37:07Z", "dateModified": "2014-02-13T08:38:08Z" } }, { "key": "FQEFFBV6", "version": 168, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 233968, "name": "netculture", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/netculture", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/233968/items/FQEFFBV6", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/netculture/items/FQEFFBV6", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/233968/items/K8AAJJB9", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1699703, "username": "hongkonggong", "name": "Jason Li", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/hongkonggong", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "FQEFFBV6", "version": 168, "parentItem": "K8AAJJB9", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "imported_file", "title": "2014_-__-_RegionalvariationinChineseinternetfiltering[retrieved-2014-02-12].pdf", "accessDate": "", "url": "", "note": "", "contentType": "application/pdf", "charset": "", "filename": "2014_-__-_RegionalvariationinChineseinternetfiltering[retrieved-2014-02-12].pdf", "md5": "26ed910abcfd019da8e0f83303fb09aa", "mtime": 1392280602000, "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-02-13T08:36:42Z", "dateModified": "2014-02-13T08:36:42Z" } }, { "key": "K8AAJJB9", "version": 167, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 233968, "name": "netculture", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/netculture", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/233968/items/K8AAJJB9", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/netculture/items/K8AAJJB9", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1699703, "username": "hongkonggong", "name": "Jason Li", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/hongkonggong", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Wright", "parsedDate": "2013-11-05", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "K8AAJJB9", "version": 167, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Regional variation in Chinese internet filtering", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Joss", "lastName": "Wright" } ], "abstractNote": "Internet filtering in China is a pervasive and well-reported phenomenon and, as arguably the most extensive filtering regime in the world today, has been studied by a number of authors. Existing studies, however, have considered both the filtering infrastructure and the nation itself as largely homogeneous in this respect. This article investigates variation in filtering across China through direct access to internet services across the country. This is achieved through use of the Domain Name Service (DNS), which provides a mapping between human-readable names and machine-routable internet addresses, and is thus a critical component of internet-based communications. Manipulation of DNS is a common mechanism used by states and institutions to hamper access to internet services that have been deemed undesirable. Our experiments support the hypothesis that, despite typically being considered a monolithic entity, the Chinese filtering approach is better understood as a decentralized and semi-privatized operation in which low-level filtering decisions are left to local authorities and organizations. This article provides a first step in understanding how filtering affects populations at a fine-grained level, and moves towards a more subtle understanding of internet filtering than those based on the broad criterion of nationality. The techniques employed in this work, while here applied to geographic criteria, provide an approach by which filtering can be analysed according to a range of social, economic and political factors in order to more fully understand the role that internet filtering plays in China, and around the world.", "publicationTitle": "Information, Communication & Society", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "05 Nov 2013", "volume": "17", "issue": "1", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "121-141", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "10.1080/1369118X.2013.853818", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1369118X.2013.853818", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "English", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "China" }, { "tag": "censorship" }, { "tag": "surveillance/privacy" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-02-13T08:34:10Z", "dateModified": "2014-02-13T08:36:13Z" } }, { "key": "Q3J337T5", "version": 164, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 233968, "name": "netculture", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/netculture", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/233968/items/Q3J337T5", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/netculture/items/Q3J337T5", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/233968/items/TNM2KUZZ", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1699703, "username": "hongkonggong", "name": "Jason Li", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/hongkonggong", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "Q3J337T5", "version": 164, "parentItem": "TNM2KUZZ", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "imported_file", "title": "2014_-_Jingrong_Tong_-_WeibocommunicationandgovernmentlegitimacyinChinaac[retrieved-2014-02-12].pdf", "accessDate": "", "url": "", "note": "", "contentType": "application/pdf", "charset": "", "filename": "2014_-_Jingrong_Tong_-_WeibocommunicationandgovernmentlegitimacyinChinaac[retrieved-2014-02-12].pdf", "md5": "3b4ca46e080fb50b0ea4af0d3d497b32", "mtime": 1392280405000, "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-02-13T08:33:25Z", "dateModified": "2014-02-13T08:33:25Z" } }, { "key": "TNM2KUZZ", "version": 163, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 233968, "name": "netculture", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/netculture", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/233968/items/TNM2KUZZ", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/netculture/items/TNM2KUZZ", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1699703, "username": "hongkonggong", "name": "Jason Li", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/hongkonggong", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Tong and Zuo", "parsedDate": "2013-10-03", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "TNM2KUZZ", "version": 163, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Weibo communication and government legitimacy in China: a computer-assisted analysis of Weibo messages on two 'mass incidents'", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Jingrong", "lastName": "Tong" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Landong", "lastName": "Zuo" } ], "abstractNote": "This article, based on a computer-assisted analysis of Weibo communications about two recent ‘mass incidents’ in China, offers a model for understanding online communication's influence on government legitimacy. This study explores the discourse of Weibo discussions on social protests and what impacts this discourse may have on the legitimacy of Chinese government in the digital environment. The Weibo discourses on the two mass incidents suggest two modes of online communication: one-way communication, where local residents have taken the initiative and two-way communication, initiated by both local residents and national elites. Different themes the discourses have touched suggest different types and levels of impacts Weibo discussions have on government legitimacy. More precisely, the discourse in which there is a critique of the current national political system in China is more challenging to government legitimacy than the one in which there are only demands for local changes. The online discourse about the Haimen incident on Weibo even can be seen as reinforcing government legitimacy. Therefore, the impact of online communication on government legitimacy is relative and depends on specific cases. To understand the power of online communication requires us to analyse the nature of online discourses about specific cases and then examine them within external social and political contexts and by comparing them with one another. Contextual dynamics such as social problems and tensions can function as an indicator for understanding the type and level of impact of online communication on government legitimacy.", "publicationTitle": "Information, Communication & Society", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "03 Oct 2013", "volume": "17", "issue": "1", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "66-85", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "10.1080/1369118X.2013.839730", "citationKey": "", "url": "dx.doi.org/10.1080/1369118X.2013.839730", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "English", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "China" }, { "tag": "Weibo" }, { "tag": "computer-assisted data analysis" }, { "tag": "government legitimacy" }, { "tag": "online communication" }, { "tag": "social protests" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-02-13T08:30:14Z", "dateModified": "2014-02-13T08:32:44Z" } }, { "key": "FXKMNC3R", "version": 161, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 233968, "name": "netculture", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/netculture", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/233968/items/FXKMNC3R", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/netculture/items/FXKMNC3R", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/233968/items/447CB7PP", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1699703, "username": "hongkonggong", "name": "Jason Li", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/hongkonggong", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "FXKMNC3R", "version": 161, "parentItem": "447CB7PP", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "imported_file", "title": "2014_-_Maria_Bondes_-_DerailedemotionsThetransformationofclaimsandtarget[retrieved-2014-02-12].pdf", "accessDate": "", "url": "", "note": "", "contentType": "application/pdf", "charset": "", "filename": "2014_-_Maria_Bondes_-_DerailedemotionsThetransformationofclaimsandtarget[retrieved-2014-02-12].pdf", "md5": "0113bcf5340cec75e1f0a4799f369093", "mtime": 1392280199000, "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-02-13T08:29:59Z", "dateModified": "2014-02-13T08:29:59Z" } }, { "key": "447CB7PP", "version": 159, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 233968, "name": "netculture", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/netculture", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/233968/items/447CB7PP", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/netculture/items/447CB7PP", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1699703, "username": "hongkonggong", "name": "Jason Li", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/hongkonggong", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Bondes and Schucher", "parsedDate": "2013-11-01", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "447CB7PP", "version": 159, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Derailed emotions: The transformation of claims and targets during the Wenzhou online incident", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Maria", "lastName": "Bondes" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Günter", "lastName": "Schucher" } ], "abstractNote": "Social media have both enabled and reinforced a shift towards the personalization of politics and collective action that is also occurring in China. In addition to street actions, the country is seeing a continuously growing number of so-called online mass incidents. While they have been attracting growing scholarly attention, most analyses have been based on anecdotal evidence and have treated netizens as a uniform group without evaluating the event's internal discursive dynamics. In order to assess such micro-blogging incidents' actual potential for political change, we investigate the case of the largest ‘online mass incident’ in China since the advent of Chinese micro-blogging services in 2009, prompted by the crash of two high-speed trains near the city of Wenzhou in July 2011. Drawing on the systematic content analysis of more than 4600 micro-blog posts published in the aftermath of the accident, we analyse the events' discursive dynamics, focusing on the composition, transformation, and radicalization of claims and targets. Our analysis demonstrates that the level of radicalism of the Wenzhou online mass incident is rather moderate and that no radicalization took place before the debate levelled down. While the incident significantly enhanced the tendency in Chinese online activism towards the broadening of the critical debate on national affairs, expectations about a democratizing impact of online debates might be premature.", "publicationTitle": "Information, Communication & Society", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "01 Nov 2013", "volume": "17", "issue": "1", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "45-65", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "10.1080/1369118X.2013.853819", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1369118X.2013.853819", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "English", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "China" }, { "tag": "Internet" }, { "tag": "contention" }, { "tag": "micro-blogs" }, { "tag": "online mass incidents" }, { "tag": "social media" }, { "tag": "social movement" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-02-13T08:27:49Z", "dateModified": "2014-02-13T08:29:09Z" } }, { "key": "P6ISC73V", "version": 156, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 233968, "name": "netculture", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/netculture", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/233968/items/P6ISC73V", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/netculture/items/P6ISC73V", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/233968/items/ZCUVA2RE", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1699703, "username": "hongkonggong", "name": "Jason Li", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/hongkonggong", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "P6ISC73V", "version": 156, "parentItem": "ZCUVA2RE", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "imported_file", "title": "2014_-_Pauline_Hope_Cheong_-_Transnationalimmanencetheautopoieticcoconstitution[retrieved-2014-02-12].pdf", "accessDate": "", "url": "", "note": "", "contentType": "application/pdf", "charset": "", "filename": "2014_-_Pauline_Hope_Cheong_-_Transnationalimmanencetheautopoieticcoconstitution[retrieved-2014-02-12].pdf", "md5": "97648590df6efe3f05fe0c99da8c38e3", "mtime": 1392279933000, "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-02-13T08:25:33Z", "dateModified": "2014-02-13T08:25:33Z" } }, { "key": "ZCUVA2RE", "version": 157, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 233968, "name": "netculture", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/netculture", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/233968/items/ZCUVA2RE", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/netculture/items/ZCUVA2RE", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1699703, "username": "hongkonggong", "name": "Jason Li", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/hongkonggong", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Cheong et al.", "parsedDate": "2013-09-18", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "ZCUVA2RE", "version": 157, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Transnational immanence: the autopoietic co-constitution of a Chinese spiritual organization through mediated communication", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Pauline Hope", "lastName": "Cheong" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Jennie M.", "lastName": "Hwang" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Boris H.J.M.", "lastName": "Brummans" } ], "abstractNote": "Information and communication technologies are often cited as one major source, if not the causal vector, for the rising intensity of transnational practices. Yet, extant literature has not examined critically how digital media appropriation affects the constitution of transnational organizations, particularly Chinese spiritual ones. To address the lack of theoretically grounded, empirical research on this question, this study investigates how the Buddhist Compassion Relief Tzu Chi Foundation (Tzu Chi), one of the largest Taiwan-based civil and spiritual nonprofit organizations among the Chinese diaspora, is co-constituted by various social actors as an operationally closed system through their mediated communication. Based on an innovative theoretical framework that combines Maturana and Varela's notion of ‘autopoiesis’ with Cooren's ideas of ‘incarnation’ and ‘presentification’, we provide a rich analysis of Tzu Chi's co-constitution through organizational leaders' appropriation of digital and social media, as well as through mediated interactions between Tzu Chi's internal and external stakeholders. In so doing, our research expands upon the catalogue of common economic and relational behaviors by overseas Chinese, advances our understanding of Chinese spiritual organizing, and reveals the contingent role of digital and social media in engendering transnational spiritual ties to accomplish global humanitarian work.", "publicationTitle": "Information, Communication & Society", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "18 Sep 2013", "volume": "17", "issue": "1", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "7-25", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "10.1080/1369118X.2013.833277", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1369118X.2013.833277", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "English", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Asia" }, { "tag": "Buddhist Compassion Relief Tzu Chi Foundation" }, { "tag": "Taiwan" }, { "tag": "authority" }, { "tag": "autopoiesis" }, { "tag": "communicative constitution of organizations" }, { "tag": "information and communication technologies" }, { "tag": "nonprofit" }, { "tag": "social media" }, { "tag": "transnationalism" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-02-13T08:23:37Z", "dateModified": "2014-02-13T08:25:12Z" } }, { "key": "G7VKMJEK", "version": 149, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 233968, "name": "netculture", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/netculture", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/233968/items/G7VKMJEK", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/netculture/items/G7VKMJEK", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/233968/items/IR8IS55N", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1699703, "username": "hongkonggong", "name": "Jason Li", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/hongkonggong", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "G7VKMJEK", "version": 149, "parentItem": "IR8IS55N", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "imported_file", "title": "2014_-_Ronggui_Huang_-_Weibonetworkinformationdiffusionandimplicationsfor[retrieved-2014-02-12].pdf", "accessDate": "", "url": "", "note": "", "contentType": "application/pdf", "charset": "", "filename": "2014_-_Ronggui_Huang_-_Weibonetworkinformationdiffusionandimplicationsfor[retrieved-2014-02-12].pdf", "md5": "2d6fa2c24f8161f6fd00cde414cb90fd", "mtime": 1392279622000, "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-02-13T08:20:22Z", "dateModified": "2014-02-13T08:20:22Z" } }, { "key": "IR8IS55N", "version": 150, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 233968, "name": "netculture", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/netculture", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/233968/items/IR8IS55N", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/netculture/items/IR8IS55N", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1699703, "username": "hongkonggong", "name": "Jason Li", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/hongkonggong", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Huang and Sun", "parsedDate": "2013-10-25", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "IR8IS55N", "version": 150, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Weibo network, information diffusion and implications for collective action in China", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Ronggui", "lastName": "Huang" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Xiaoyi", "lastName": "Sun" } ], "abstractNote": "This study examines information diffusion and the follower network among a group of Sina Weibo users interested in homeowner associations. Using social network analysis techniques, this paper explores the network structure, the formation of follower relations and information diffusion. It reveals that micro-blogging is an important online platform because it can conveniently and inexpensively foster public online issue-networks beyond geographical boundaries. Specifically, Weibo has the potential to enable cross-province networking and communication, although geographical proximity is still at work; the trustworthiness of micro-blog users indirectly contributes to information diffusion by facilitating the formation of follower relations; and issue-specific follower networks facilitate information diffusion pertinent to the issue at stake. These findings suggest that micro-blogging services might have long-term effects on collective action by fostering issue-networks among civil society organizations or activists in different provinces.", "publicationTitle": "Information, Communication & Society", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "25 Oct 2013", "volume": "17", "issue": "1", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "86-104", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "10.1080/1369118X.2013.853817", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1369118X.2013.853817", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "English", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "China" }, { "tag": "information diffusion" }, { "tag": "issue-networks" }, { "tag": "micro-blogging" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-02-13T08:18:37Z", "dateModified": "2014-02-13T08:20:14Z" } }, { "key": "QNKPVA72", "version": 145, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 233968, "name": "netculture", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/netculture", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/233968/items/QNKPVA72", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/netculture/items/QNKPVA72", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/233968/items/H5ADBBF4", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1699703, "username": "hongkonggong", "name": "Jason Li", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/hongkonggong", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "QNKPVA72", "version": 145, "parentItem": "H5ADBBF4", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "imported_file", "title": "2014_-_Yuli_Patrick_Hsieh_-_Onlinepoliticalparticipationcivictalkandmediamulti[retrieved-2014-02-12].pdf", "accessDate": "", "url": "", "note": "", "contentType": "application/pdf", "charset": "", "filename": "2014_-_Yuli_Patrick_Hsieh_-_Onlinepoliticalparticipationcivictalkandmediamulti[retrieved-2014-02-12].pdf", "md5": "7eb115b2607d0df6e4cc45b8a7e5e6cb", "mtime": 1392279497000, "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-02-13T08:18:17Z", "dateModified": "2014-02-13T08:18:17Z" } }, { "key": "H5ADBBF4", "version": 152, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 233968, "name": "netculture", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/netculture", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/233968/items/H5ADBBF4", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/netculture/items/H5ADBBF4", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1699703, "username": "hongkonggong", "name": "Jason Li", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/hongkonggong", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Hsieh and Li", "parsedDate": "2013-09-05", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "H5ADBBF4", "version": 152, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Online political participation, civic talk, and media multiplexity: how Taiwanese citizens express political opinions on the Web", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Yuli Patrick", "lastName": "Hsieh" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Meng-Hao", "lastName": "Li" } ], "abstractNote": "This study seeks to assess the implications of the social use of information and communication\ntechnologies (ICTs) for online political participation. Past research investigating the link between ICTs and political participation has emphasized the informational use of ICTs, overlooking their communication-enabling potentials for facilitating political talk in interpersonal spaces and subsequently, political participation in public domains. To understand further how ICTs as a means of communication may relate to political participation, we use data from the 2008 Taiwan Social Change Survey (N = 1076) to examine the relationship between the Internet and online political participation by looking at online media use for social interaction and engagement in civic talk online. Our findings suggest that interpersonal factors such as online civic talk and media multiplexity are positively associated with online political participation. Individuals who discuss politics with their friends via the Internet and those who use more types of online media for social interaction are more likely to contact legislators and elected officials directly via the Web and articulate their political thoughts in online public spaces such as forums, blogs, and websites of news media. We further offer an assessment of the findings’ implications for political participation, political communication, and digital inequality.", "publicationTitle": "Information, Communication & Society", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "05 Sep 2013", "volume": "17", "issue": "1", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "26-44", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "10.1080/1369118X.2013.833278", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1369118X.2013.833278", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "English", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "ICT use" }, { "tag": "civic engagement" }, { "tag": "digital inequality" }, { "tag": "political communication" }, { "tag": "political talk" }, { "tag": "social capital" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-02-13T08:15:31Z", "dateModified": "2014-02-13T08:18:08Z" } }, { "key": "X3NR95WH", "version": 139, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 233968, "name": "netculture", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/netculture", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/233968/items/X3NR95WH", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/netculture/items/X3NR95WH", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/233968/items/FW8MWPGK", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1699703, "username": "hongkonggong", "name": "Jason Li", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/hongkonggong", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "X3NR95WH", "version": 139, "parentItem": "FW8MWPGK", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "imported_file", "title": "1369118x%2E2013%2E857425.pdf", "accessDate": "", "url": "", "note": "", "contentType": "application/pdf", "charset": "", "filename": "1369118x%2E2013%2E857425.pdf", "md5": "7ef681d9159ba3afff586b656886846c", "mtime": 1392279277000, "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-02-13T08:14:37Z", "dateModified": "2014-02-13T08:14:37Z" } }, { "key": "FW8MWPGK", "version": 153, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 233968, "name": "netculture", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/netculture", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/233968/items/FW8MWPGK", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/netculture/items/FW8MWPGK", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1699703, "username": "hongkonggong", "name": "Jason Li", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/hongkonggong", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Chen", "parsedDate": "2013-11-18", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "FW8MWPGK", "version": 153, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Taking stock, moving forward: the Internet, social networks and civic engagement in Chinese societies", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Wenhong", "lastName": "Chen" } ], "abstractNote": "The Internet in China reflects many contradictions and complexities of the society in which it is embedded. Despite the growing significance of digital media and technologies, research on their contingent, nonlinear, and sometimes paradoxical impact on Chinese citizens’ civic engagement remains theoretically underdeveloped and empirically understudied. As importantly, many studies on the Internet implications in the Chinese societies have centered on China. This essay introduces seven articles that draw on a variety of theoretical and methodological approaches to advance a balanced and context-rich understanding of the implications of digital media and technologies in China, Taiwan, and the global Chinese diaspora. It further discusses venues for future research, especially studies that take into account the evolving Chinese media landscape and the rise of the mobile Internet, civic and political participation across multiple platforms and their interactions, as well as organizational and interpersonal networks as the state and an emerging civil society inform, empower, and engage one another via digital media.", "publicationTitle": "Information, Communication & Society", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "18 Nov 2013", "volume": "17", "issue": "1", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "1-6", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "10.1080/1369118X.2013.857425", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1369118X.2013.857425", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "English", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "China" }, { "tag": "Chinese diaspora" }, { "tag": "ICTs" }, { "tag": "Taiwan" }, { "tag": "Weibo" }, { "tag": "civic engagement" }, { "tag": "digital media" }, { "tag": "social media" }, { "tag": "the Internet" }, { "tag": "transnational practices" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-02-13T08:11:20Z", "dateModified": "2014-02-13T08:14:28Z" } }, { "key": "5A37AAE2", "version": 131, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 233968, "name": "netculture", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/netculture", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/233968/items/5A37AAE2", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/netculture/items/5A37AAE2", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/233968/items/ZR2X4XRC", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1699703, "username": "hongkonggong", "name": "Jason Li", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/hongkonggong", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "5A37AAE2", "version": 131, "parentItem": "ZR2X4XRC", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "imported_file", "title": "King - China Collective Action 2013.pdf", "accessDate": "", "url": "", "note": "", "contentType": "application/pdf", "charset": "", "filename": "King - China Collective Action 2013.pdf", "md5": "26b0fd7a772ab8787ea12b052ba8fa30", "mtime": 1391945147000, "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-02-09T11:25:47Z", "dateModified": "2014-02-09T11:25:47Z" } }, { "key": "ZR2X4XRC", "version": 129, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 233968, "name": "netculture", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/netculture", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/233968/items/ZR2X4XRC", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/netculture/items/ZR2X4XRC", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1699703, "username": "hongkonggong", "name": "Jason Li", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/hongkonggong", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "King et al.", "parsedDate": "2013-05", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "ZR2X4XRC", "version": 129, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "How Censorship in China Allows Government Criticism but Silences Collective Expression", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Gary", "lastName": "King" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Jennifer", "lastName": "Pan" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Margaret E.", "lastName": "Roberts" } ], "abstractNote": "We offer the first large scale, multiple source analysis of the outcome of what may be the most\nextensive effort to selectively censor human expression ever implemented. To do this, we have\ndevised a system to locate, download, and analyze the content of millions of social media\nposts originating from nearly 1,400 different social media services all over China before the Chinese\ngovernment is able to find, evaluate, and censor (i.e., remove from the Internet) the subset they deem\nobjectionable. Using modern computer-assisted text analytic methods that we adapt to and validate in\nthe Chinese language, we compare the substantive content of posts censored to those not censored over\ntime in each of 85 topic areas. Contrary to previous understandings, posts with negative, even vitriolic,\ncriticism of the state, its leaders, and its policies are not more likely to be censored. Instead, we show\nthat the censorship program is aimed at curtailing collective action by silencing comments that represent,\nreinforce, or spur social mobilization, regardless of content. Censorship is oriented toward attempting\nto forestall collective activities that are occurring now or may occur in the future—and, as such, seem to\nclearly expose government intent.", "publicationTitle": "American Political Science Review", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "May 2013", "volume": "107", "issue": "2", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "1-18", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "English", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-02-09T11:23:08Z", "dateModified": "2014-02-09T11:25:07Z" } }, { "key": "C3JXSTE7", "version": 126, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 233968, "name": "netculture", "links": { "alternate": { "href": 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