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"", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "Google Scholar", "callNumber": "GN641 .C65 2005", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [ "2GT2SWVP" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2010-08-09T22:38:00Z", "dateModified": "2026-02-17T18:52:40Z" } }, { "key": "5ZD9WNNU", "version": 5983, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 23031, "name": "Medina Baay", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/medina_baay", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/23031/items/5ZD9WNNU", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/medina_baay/items/5ZD9WNNU", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 649, "username": "joehill", "name": "Joseph Hill", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/joehill", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Hutson", "parsedDate": "2001-10", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "5ZD9WNNU", "version": 5983, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Women, Men, and Patriarchal Bargaining in an Islamic Sufi Order: The Tijaniyya in Kano, Nigeria, 1937 to the Present", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Alaine S.", "lastName": "Hutson" } ], "abstractNote": "This article describes the rules and scripts that operate in a sub-Saharan African system, the Tijaniyya Islamic Sufi order in Kano, Nigeria. It analyzes the patriarchal bargains between women and men in the order and reveals how the actions of Muslim women with positions of spiritual authority were both independent and shaped by the order's patriarchy. The author argues that larger shifts across several decades in the Islamic world, the international Tijaniyya leadership, and the Nigerian state allowed Kano Tijaniyya women to act differently and increase their spiritual authority and personal autonomy without breaking the rules of their bargain. The author concludes by suggesting that analyses of other Muslim societies may lead to a better understanding of which strategies lead to women's marginalization and which strategies result in successful bargaining.", "publicationTitle": "Gender and Society", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "Oct., 2001", "volume": "15", "issue": "5", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "734-753", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "hutsonWomenMenPatriarchal2001", "url": "http://www.jstor.org/stable/3081972", "accessDate": "2009-09-22T12:16:02Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "08912432", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Women, Men, and Patriarchal Bargaining in an Islamic Sufi Order", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "JSTOR", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "ArticleType: primary_article / Full publication date: Oct., 2001 / Copyright © 2001 Sage Publications, Inc.", "tags": [], "collections": [ "2GT2SWVP" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2010-08-09T22:38:00Z", "dateModified": "2026-02-17T18:52:40Z" } }, { "key": "8349HGUD", "version": 5983, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 23031, "name": "Medina Baay", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/medina_baay", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/23031/items/8349HGUD", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/medina_baay/items/8349HGUD", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 649, "username": "joehill", "name": "Joseph Hill", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/joehill", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Hutson", "parsedDate": "1997", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "8349HGUD", "version": 5983, "itemType": "thesis", "title": "We are Many: Women Sufis and Islamic Scholars in Twentieth Century Kano, Nigeria", "creators": [ { 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"citationKey": "abdoulayeDiplomesBeninoisUniversites2003", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "BibTeXImport" } ], "collections": [ "2GT2SWVP" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2010-08-09T22:37:22Z", "dateModified": "2026-02-17T18:52:40Z" } }, { "key": "5T8DQDQ8", "version": 5983, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 23031, "name": "Medina Baay", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/medina_baay", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/23031/items/5T8DQDQ8", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/medina_baay/items/5T8DQDQ8", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 649, "username": "joehill", "name": "Joseph Hill", "links": { "alternate": { "href": 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primary_article / Full publication date: Apr., 1991 / Copyright © 1991 College of Business, Tennessee State University", "tags": [], "collections": [ "2GT2SWVP" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2010-08-09T22:59:13Z", "dateModified": "2026-02-17T18:52:40Z" } }, { "key": "HU5S44TD", "version": 5983, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 23031, "name": "Medina Baay", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/medina_baay", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/23031/items/HU5S44TD", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/medina_baay/items/HU5S44TD", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 649, "username": "joehill", "name": "Joseph Hill", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/joehill", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Coulon", "parsedDate": "1988", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "HU5S44TD", "version": 5983, "itemType": "bookSection", "title": "Women, Islam, and Baraka", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Christian", "lastName": "Coulon" }, { "creatorType": "editor", "firstName": "Donal B.", "lastName": "Cruise O'Brien" }, { "creatorType": "editor", "firstName": "Christian", "lastName": "Coulon" } ], "abstractNote": "", "bookTitle": "Charisma and Brotherhood in African Islam", "series": "", "seriesNumber": "", "volume": "", "numberOfVolumes": "", "edition": "", "date": "1988", "publisher": "Clarendon", "place": "Oxford", "originalDate": "", "originalPublisher": "", "originalPlace": "", "format": "", "pages": "113-133", "ISBN": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "coulonWomenIslamBaraka1988", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "Rhees BP64.A4 S78 1988", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [ "2GT2SWVP" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2010-08-09T22:59:13Z", "dateModified": "2026-02-17T18:52:40Z" } }, { "key": "XA6WUDFG", "version": 5983, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 23031, "name": "Medina Baay", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/medina_baay", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/23031/items/XA6WUDFG", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/medina_baay/items/XA6WUDFG", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 649, "username": "joehill", "name": "Joseph Hill", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/joehill", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Hutson", "parsedDate": "1999", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "XA6WUDFG", "version": 5983, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "The Development of Women's Authority in the Kano Tijaniyya, 1894-1963", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Alaine S.", "lastName": "Hutson" } ], "abstractNote": "This article acknowledges Kano Muslim women's contributions to their faith through their activities within the Kano Tijaniyya. It discusses two women from the first generation of Kano Tijani muqaddamat, Hajiya Iya and Umma Makaranta, who were very active during the period 1937-1963, a time of expansion in the Kano Tijaniyya's membership. This article describes these two Tijani women's lives and the ways male patrons helped them rise to the position of muqaddama, a status which entails considerable authority. These women achieved spiritual and personal authority in an Islamic setting without sacrificing \"respectability.\" Their actions have helped create and legitimate new possibilities for women in contemporary Kano.", "publicationTitle": "Africa Today", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "1999", "volume": "46", "issue": "3", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "43-64", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "hutsonDevelopmentWomenAuthority1999", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [ "2GT2SWVP" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2010-08-09T22:48:54Z", "dateModified": "2026-02-17T18:52:40Z" } }, { "key": "9IJP3CGQ", "version": 5983, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 23031, "name": "Medina Baay", "links": { 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"originalPublisher": "", "originalPlace": "", "format": "", "numPages": "", "ISBN": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "niassBayeNiassDefenseur1997", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "BibTeXImport" } ], "collections": [ "X6MJJXFQ" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2010-08-09T22:11:59Z", "dateModified": "2026-02-17T18:52:40Z" } }, { "key": "B8GNPN7Q", "version": 5982, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 23031, "name": "Medina Baay", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/medina_baay", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/23031/items/B8GNPN7Q", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/medina_baay/items/B8GNPN7Q", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 649, "username": "joehill", "name": 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