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The initial compilation was incorporated into a 1997 NSF grant application titled Virtual Reality and Urban Simulation Technology: Theory, Development and Application for Planning and Natural Hazards. The author accepted a position at the University of Louisville in June 1999, and in the fall of that year and the spring of 2000, the bibliography was updated to reflect the recent additions to this field. A selection of urban simulation–related Web sites are included in the last section of the bibliography.", "publicationTitle": "Journal of Planning Literature", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "02/01/2001", "volume": "15", "issue": "3", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "359-376", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Journal of Planning Literature", "DOI": "10.1177/08854120122093078", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://jpl.sagepub.com/content/15/3/359", "accessDate": "2013-10-07T06:05:50Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0885-4122, 1552-6593", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Virtual Reality and Urban Simulation in Planning", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "jpl.sagepub.com", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2013-10-07T06:07:39Z", "dateModified": "2013-10-07T06:07:39Z" } }, { "key": "IDU83MUH", "version": 8, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 219879, "name": "Planning, Technology and Cities", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/planning_technology_and_cities", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/219879/items/IDU83MUH", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/planning_technology_and_cities/items/IDU83MUH", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 241987, "username": "billyriggs", "name": "William (Billy) Riggs", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/billyriggs", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Goodchild et al.", "parsedDate": "2007", "numChildren": 2 }, "data": { "key": "IDU83MUH", "version": 8, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Towards a general theory of geographic representation in GIS", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Michael F.", "lastName": "Goodchild" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "May", "lastName": "Yuan" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Thomas J.", "lastName": "Cova" } ], "abstractNote": "Geographic representation has become more complex through time as researchers have added new concepts, leading to apparently endless proliferation and creating a need for simplification. We show that many of these concepts can be derived from a single foundation that we term the atomic form of geographic information. The familiar concepts of continuous fields and discrete objects can be derived under suitable rules applied to the properties and values of the atomic form. Fields and objects are further integrated through the concept of phase space, and in the form of field objects. A second atomic concept is introduced, termed the geo‐dipole, and shown to provide a foundation for object fields, metamaps, and the association classes of object‐oriented data modelling. Geographic dynamics are synthesized in a three‐dimensional space defined by static or dynamic object shape, the possibility of movement, and the possibility of dynamic internal structure. The atomic form also provides a tentative argument that discrete objects and continuous fields are the only possible bases for geographic representation.", "publicationTitle": "International Journal of Geographical Information Science", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2007", "volume": "21", "issue": "3", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "239-260", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "10.1080/13658810600965271", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/13658810600965271", "accessDate": "2013-10-07T06:06:39Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "1365-8816", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "Taylor and Francis+NEJM", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2013-10-07T06:07:39Z", "dateModified": "2013-10-07T06:07:39Z" } }, { "key": "NRSDX237", "version": 8, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 219879, "name": "Planning, Technology and Cities", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/planning_technology_and_cities", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/219879/items/NRSDX237", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/planning_technology_and_cities/items/NRSDX237", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 241987, "username": "billyriggs", "name": "William (Billy) Riggs", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/billyriggs", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Lindholm and Sarjakoski", "parsedDate": "1992-01-01", "numChildren": 2 }, "data": { "key": "NRSDX237", "version": 8, "itemType": "bookSection", "title": "User models and information theory in the design of a query interface for GIS", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Mikko", "lastName": "Lindholm" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Tapani", "lastName": "Sarjakoski" }, { "creatorType": "editor", "firstName": "A. U.", "lastName": "Frank" }, { "creatorType": "editor", "firstName": "I.", "lastName": "Campari" }, { "creatorType": "editor", "firstName": "U.", "lastName": "Formentini" } ], "abstractNote": "The design of user interfaces has lacked a firm theoretical foundation. A solid user interface theory would be particularily helpful in complex systems, such as GIS. Information theory and user modelling are presented here as a promising approach to building such a theory. Their applicability is considered in the context of querying a geographical database. Different theories of information are reviewed and some misunderstandings are corrected. Any communication can be examined on three different levels: syntactic, semantic and pragmatic. The syntactic information of a message is its relative frequency within language without any concern for the meaning of the message. The semantic information content of a message is defined as how many different states of the universe distinguishable in the language it excludes logically. The pragmatic information is the personal meaning of the message to the sender and the receiver. User modelling methodology is presented as a way to handle pragmatic information. Research into user models is reviewed and the potential of GIS applications and further study are investigated.", "bookTitle": "Theories and Methods of Spatio-Temporal Reasoning in Geographic Space", "series": "Lecture Notes in Computer Science", "seriesNumber": "639", "volume": "", "numberOfVolumes": "", "edition": "", "date": "1992/01/01", "publisher": "Springer Berlin Heidelberg", "place": "", "originalDate": "", "originalPublisher": "", "originalPlace": "", "format": "", "pages": "328-347", "ISBN": "978-3-540-55966-5, 978-3-540-47333-6", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/3-540-55966-3_20", "accessDate": "2013-10-07T06:06:28Z", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "link.springer.com", "callNumber": "", "rights": "©1992 Springer-Verlag", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Artificial Intelligence (incl. Robotics)", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Computer Graphics", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Data Storage Representation", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Data Structures", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Database Management", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Pattern Recognition", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2013-10-07T06:07:39Z", "dateModified": "2013-10-07T06:07:39Z" } }, { "key": "S5M2347I", "version": 8, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 219879, "name": "Planning, Technology and Cities", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/planning_technology_and_cities", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/219879/items/S5M2347I", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/planning_technology_and_cities/items/S5M2347I", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 241987, "username": "billyriggs", "name": "William (Billy) Riggs", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/billyriggs", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Aitken and Michel", "parsedDate": "1995", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "S5M2347I", "version": 8, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Who Contrives the “Real” in GIS? Geographic Information, Planning and Critical Theory", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Stuart C.", "lastName": "Aitken" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Suzanne M.", "lastName": "Michel" } ], "abstractNote": "We are troubled by the way that GIS researchers currently define and constitute their work within the planning process. Definitions which place people solely within the confines of a GIS and establish planning as a form of rational strategic production miss the important social, cultural, and political contexts of technology and management. If we begin, however, with the alternative premise that GIS and planning are social constructions then we are better placed to understand their role in societal processes. Clearly, certain communicative and authoritative conventions underwrite the roles of GIS practitioners as each player assumes the position of “expert” in relation to the people whom they intend to serve. Yet it is not clear how the communication and power structures that develop between the academic, the practitioner, and the clients served affect those whose everyday lives are impacted by GIS research and implementation. This paper suggests ways in which all actors involved in the production and consumption of GIS could have some ownership in the creation of knowledge. As such, it encompasses a post-positivist ethic which merges the academic and professional world with the world of everyday experience.", "publicationTitle": "Cartography and Geographic Information Systems", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "1995", "volume": "22", "issue": "1", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "17-29", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "10.1559/152304095782540519", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1559/152304095782540519", "accessDate": "2013-10-07T06:06:48Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "1050-9844", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Who Contrives the “Real” in GIS?", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "Taylor and Francis+NEJM", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2013-10-07T06:07:39Z", "dateModified": "2013-10-07T06:07:39Z" } }, { "key": "2WU3KZH9", "version": 7, 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trends, challenges and prospects of GIS-based land-use suitability analysis. The monograph focuses on two perspectives of GIS-based land-use suitability analysis: the techno-positivist perspective and the socio-political, public participation perspectives. It is organized into six chapters. After an introductory setting chapter, which defines the scope of land-use suitability analysis, an overview of relevant GIS technology is provided in Chapter 2. Chapter 3 offers an historical account of the development of GIS. It also discusses the development of GIS in the context of evolving perspectives of planning. Chapter 4 gives an overview of the methods for GIS-based land-use suitability modeling. The overview provides a background against which selected case studies are discussed in Chapter 5. The concluding chapter summarized the main points of the monographs and discusses problems and prospects for GIS-based land-use suitability analysis.", "publicationTitle": "Progress in Planning", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "July 2004", "volume": "62", "issue": "1", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "3-65", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Progress in Planning", "DOI": "10.1016/j.progress.2003.09.002", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0305900603000801", "accessDate": "2013-03-05T06:37:59Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0305-9006", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "GIS-based land-use suitability analysis", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "ScienceDirect", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2013-10-04T21:41:35Z", "dateModified": "2013-10-04T21:41:35Z" } }, { "key": "RHB8PPFD", "version": 6, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 219879, "name": "Planning, Technology and Cities", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/planning_technology_and_cities", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/219879/items/RHB8PPFD", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/planning_technology_and_cities/items/RHB8PPFD", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 241987, "username": "billyriggs", "name": "William (Billy) Riggs", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/billyriggs", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Sui and Goodchild", "parsedDate": "2011", "numChildren": 2 }, "data": { "key": "RHB8PPFD", "version": 6, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "The convergence of GIS and social media: challenges for GIScience", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Daniel", "lastName": "Sui" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Michael", "lastName": "Goodchild" } ], "abstractNote": "It is hard to believe that 10 years have passed since we wrote our guest editorial for IJGIS (Sui and Goodchild 2001). Using the nascent evidence that emerged in the late 1990s, we speculated back in 2001 that geographic information systems (GIS) were rapidly becoming part of the mass media. On the basis of the proposition of GIS as media, we were able to link GIScience with theories in media studies such as Marshall McLuhan's law of the media, which considers modern media as modifiable perceptive extensions of human thought (Sui and Goodchild 2003). Remarkable conceptual and technological advances in GIS have been made during the past 10 years. The goal of this review is to provide an update on the ‘GIS as media’ argument we made 10 years ago and to discuss the new challenges for GIScience posed by the growing convergence of GIS and social media.", "publicationTitle": "International Journal of Geographical Information Science", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2011", "volume": "25", "issue": "11", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "1737-1748", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "10.1080/13658816.2011.604636", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/13658816.2011.604636", "accessDate": "2013-03-30T21:47:28Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "1365-8816", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "The convergence of GIS and social media", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "Taylor and Francis+NEJM", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": 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"imported_url", "title": "ScienceDirect Full Text PDF", "accessDate": "2010-07-02T19:23:02Z", "url": "http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=MImg&_imagekey=B6V77-4SNPPXK-2-5&_cdi=5835&_user=4420&_pii=S0048733308000875&_orig=search&_coverDate=09%2F30%2F2008&_sk=999629991&view=c&wchp=dGLbVlb-zSkWA&md5=7eaf6faa5d4b9d42d11c408f0d270b8d&ie=/sdarticle.pdf", "note": "", "contentType": "application/pdf", "charset": "", "filename": "Youtie and Shapira - 2008 - Building an innovation hub A case study of the tr.pdf", "md5": "6dd73b3b5a35af9ea9bb2bc257d5de3f", "mtime": 1380922821000, "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2013-10-04T21:40:21Z", "dateModified": "2013-10-04T21:40:21Z" } }, { "key": "8PWWGVBX", "version": 4, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 219879, "name": "Planning, Technology and Cities", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/planning_technology_and_cities", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": 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become of interest to catch-up regions as well as to leading innovation locales. This paper examines how the role of the university has evolved from performing conventional research and education functions to serving as an innovation-promoting knowledge hub though the case of Georgia Institute of Technology (Georgia Tech). This case is discussed in the context of state efforts to shift the region from an agricultural to an industrial to an innovation-driven economy. Central to the transformation of Georgia Tech as a knowledge hub is the emergence of new institutional leadership, programs, organizational forms and boundary-spanning roles that meditate among academic, educational, entrepreneurial, venture capital, industrial, and public spheres. Comparisons between Georgia Tech's experiences and those of university roles in selected other catch-up regions in the southern United States highlight the importance to the case of networked approaches, capacity building, technology-based entrepreneurial development, and local innovation system leadership. 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