Chapter 8 Rethinking Modernity: Space and Factory Discipline
\n\"Changing representations of urban space provide one of the most telling ways to examine processes of modernity\" (257). Opening sentence of chapter.
\n", "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2010-10-06T19:25:41Z", "dateModified": "2010-10-06T19:27:49Z" } }, { "key": "AC78UVAV", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 21922, "name": "Modernity", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/modernity", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/21922/items/AC78UVAV", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/modernity/items/AC78UVAV", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 75367, "username": "tbaker", "name": "Mary Baker", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/tbaker", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Rofel", "parsedDate": "1999", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "AC78UVAV", "version": 1, "itemType": "book", "title": "Other Modernities: Gendered Yearnings in China After Socialism", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Lisa", "lastName": "Rofel" } ], "abstractNote": "", "series": "", "seriesNumber": "", "volume": "", "numberOfVolumes": "", "edition": "", "date": "1999", "publisher": "University of California Press", "place": "Berkeley, Calif", "originalDate": "", "originalPublisher": "", "originalPlace": "", "format": "", "numPages": "330", "ISBN": "0520210786", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Other Modernities", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "uhmanoa.lib.hawaii.edu:7008 Library Catalog", "callNumber": "HQ1770.H36 R64 1999", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "1949-", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "20th century", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "China", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "History", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Socialism", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Women", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Women and socialism", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Women silk industry workers", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2010-10-06T19:25:30Z", "dateModified": "2010-10-06T19:25:30Z" } }, { "key": "TXAK357J", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 21922, "name": "Modernity", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/modernity", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/21922/items/TXAK357J", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/modernity/items/TXAK357J", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/21922/items/UEG4VST7", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 75367, "username": "tbaker", "name": "Mary Baker", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/tbaker", "type": "text/html" } } }, "lastModifiedByUser": { "id": 75334, "username": "aikau001", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/aikau001", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "TXAK357J", "version": 1, "parentItem": "UEG4VST7", "itemType": "note", "note": "
Politics of Place - (44-46) critique of place-based movements and the strategy of the new Left to focus on the local to resist capitalist domination. Authors argue that global vs local is a false dichotomy \"assuming that the global entails homogenization and undifferentiated identity whereas the local preserves heterogeneity\" (44). A more productive way to think about global and local is as \"networks of flows and obstacles in which the local moment or perspectivegives priority to the reterritorializing barriers or boundaries and the global moment privileges the mobility of deterriorializing flows. \" (45; my emphasis). Authors contend that there is no politics outside of Empire and that r\"it is better both theoretically and practically to enter the terrain of Empire and confront its homogenizing and heterogenizing flow in all their complexity, grounding our analysis in the power of the global multitude.(46)\"
\nHow are we to understnd the global multitude if not in the action of the local? What of the indigenous perspective? I can appreciate that the local does not operate in a vacuum; that local social relations are affected by global forces. Perhaps this is what is meant by networks of flows and obstacles. There is no central authority or source of power. Local action feeds into the network.
\nThe key, as Alfred and Shiva would argue, is through the power of place and the practices in place of indigenous communities and local hybrid communities. These communities must contend with the non-place of Empire. (see chapter 2.6 Imperial Sovereignty).
", "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2010-09-27T19:45:20Z", "dateModified": "2010-10-04T01:57:06Z" } }, { "key": "MGNCSTB6", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 21922, "name": "Modernity", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/modernity", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/21922/items/MGNCSTB6", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/modernity/items/MGNCSTB6", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/21922/items/VNA8ARJU", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 75367, "username": "tbaker", "name": "Mary Baker", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/tbaker", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "MGNCSTB6", "version": 1, "parentItem": "VNA8ARJU", "itemType": "note", "note": "Google books: Offering a new framework for the cultural study of globalization, Modernity at Large shows how the imagination works as a social force in today's world, providing new resources for identity and energies for creating alternatives to the nation-state, whose era some see as coming to an end. Appadurai examines the current epoch of globalization, which is characterized by the win forces of mass migration and electronic mediation, and provides fresh ways of looking at popular consumption patters, debates about multiculturalism, and ethnic violence. He considers the way images--of lifestyles, popular culture, and self-representation--circulate internationally through the media and are often borrowed in surprising (to their originators) and inventive fashions.
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"Appadurai" } ], "abstractNote": "", "series": "Public worlds", "seriesNumber": "v. 1", "volume": "", "numberOfVolumes": "", "edition": "", "date": "1996", "publisher": "University of Minnesota Press", "place": "Minneapolis, Minn", "originalDate": "", "originalPublisher": "", "originalPlace": "", "format": "", "numPages": "229", "ISBN": "0816627924", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Modernity at Large", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "uhmanoa.lib.hawaii.edu:7008 Library Catalog", "callNumber": "HM101 .A644 1996", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "1950-", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Civilization, Modern", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Culture", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Ethnicity", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Mass media", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Social aspects", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2010-10-04T01:09:40Z", "dateModified": "2010-10-04T01:09:40Z" } }, { "key": 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\nThis text examines a process of decolonization that calls for no less than a spiritual revolution to transform the disconnection and fear of Onkwehonwe (Original People) into connection and \"transcend colonial culture and institutions.\" (Alfred 2005, 23) He disavows approaches that mimic foreign logics and recreate colonial institutions as indigenous ones. On the spectrum of resistance to and struggle against colonial domination, Alfred advocates a middle ground between proponents of armed insurgency and those who pursue resolution through the colonial political system.
\nTo counter the reformist, internalist aboriginal approaches, Onkwehonwe must take direct action against capitalism. \"… a true decolonization movement can emerge only when only when we shift our politics from articulating grievances to pursuing an organized and political battle for the cause of our freedom.\"(22)
\nPeace is not merely the absence of violence brought about by law and order. Peace is not merely certainty and stability. Peace looks forward (a driving force (a verb) something we do a process.) Justice is anchored to the past (seeking redress for what has been done to us). Order is lack of violence – stability. \"Order serves the powerful in an imperial situation.\"(28)
\n\"Think of the pattern of societal decline described by Hannah Arendt (1963. On Revolution. New York; Penguin.): political authority falls after the loss of tradition and the weakening of religious beliefs. Spirituality breaks, there is a loss of traditional cultures and languages, and this is followed by political subjugation. This pattern reduces the story of the 500-year conquest of Anowarakowa Kawennote, Great Turtle Island, to its essence. Imperialism has not been a totalizing unknowable and irresistible force of destruction, but a fluid confluence of politics, economics, psychology, and culture. It remains so.\"(30)
\n\"Living as Onkwehonwe means much more than applying a label to ourselves and saying that we are indigenous to the land. It means looking at the personal and political choices we make every day and applying an indigenous logic to those daily acts of creation.\" (33)
\nAlfred proposes a theoretical frame of Anarcho-indigenism. Indigenous is the cultural and spiritual rootedness in land and the struggle for justice and freedom from colonial collar. Anarchism is \"fundamentally anti-institutional, radically democratic, and commited to taking action to force change.\" (45)
\nThe state cannot be defeated militarily because power manifests in three vectors which Alfred calls tripartite state power: 1) Force as in the military and police; 2) Authority (laws) which regulate and discipline behaviour; and 3) Legitimacy (manufactured). We must defer to force or die. Authority we can contest and defy but legitimacy \"relies on the psychological and social conditioning of people to create an acceptance of the state and forms of power it normalizes…\"(56)
\nMust engage in struggle in all ways at all times. \"It seems impossible, facing a post-modern imperialist state, to isolate a discrete target for direct resistance actions, so must continue our struggle by engaging its corrupting power at all times and in all ways, as perpetual warriors. The only way to do this is in creative contention. (59)
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\nThe word WasAse is the Kanienkeha (Mohawk) word for the ancient war dance ceremony of unity, strength, and commitment to action. The author notes, \"This book traces the journey of those Indigenous people who have found a way to transcend the colonial identities which are the legacy of our history and live as Onkwehonwe, original people. It is dialogue and reflection on the process of transcending colonialism in a personal and collective sense: making meaningful change in our lives and transforming society by recreating our personalities, regenerating our cultures, and surging against forces that keep us bound to our colonial past.\"
", "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2010-09-07T17:52:43Z", "dateModified": "2010-09-07T17:53:31Z" } }, { "key": "JVT8MJFP", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 21922, "name": "Modernity", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/modernity", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/21922/items/JVT8MJFP", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/modernity/items/JVT8MJFP", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/21922/items/UEG4VST7", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 75367, "username": "tbaker", "name": "Mary Baker", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/tbaker", "type": "text/html" } } }, "lastModifiedByUser": { "id": 75334, "username": "aikau001", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/aikau001", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "JVT8MJFP", "version": 1, "parentItem": "UEG4VST7", "itemType": "note", "note": "Book Jacket
\n\"Imperialism as we knew it may be no more, but Empire is alive and well. It is, as Michael Hardt and Antonio Negri demonstrate in this bold work, the new political order of globalization. Their book shows how this emerging Empire is fundamentally different from the imperialism of European dominance and capitalist expansion in previous eras. Rather, Today's Empire draws on elements of U.S. constitutionalism, with its tradition of hybrid identities and expanding frontiers.\" \"Empire identifies a radical shift in concepts that form the philosophical basis of modern politics, concepts such as sovereignty, nation, and people. Hardt and Negri link this philosophical transformation to cultural and economic changes in postmodern society - to new forms of racism, new conceptions of identity and difference, new networks of communication and control, and new paths of migration. They also show how the power of transnational corporations and the increasing predominance of postindustrial forms of labor and production help to define the new imperial global order.\" \"More than analysis, Empire is also work of political philosophy, a new Communist Manifesto. Looking beyond the regimes of exploitation and control that characterize today's world order, it seeks an alternative political paradigm - the basis for a truly democratic global society.\"--BOOK JACKET.
", "tags": [ { "tag": "Imperial" } ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2010-07-21T23:16:22Z", "dateModified": "2010-09-07T17:50:12Z" } }, { "key": "X8287SJD", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 21922, "name": "Modernity", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/modernity", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/21922/items/X8287SJD", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/modernity/items/X8287SJD", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/21922/items/PDWWG7JA", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 75367, "username": "tbaker", "name": "Mary Baker", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/tbaker", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "X8287SJD", "version": 1, "parentItem": "PDWWG7JA", "itemType": "note", "note": "Googl book blurb
\nAcross nineteenth-century New England, antiquarians and community leaders wrote hundreds of local histories about the founding and growth of their cities and towns. Ranging from pamphlets to multivolume treatments, these narratives shared a preoccupation with establishing the region as the cradle of an Anglo-Saxon nation and the center of a modern American culture. They also insisted, often in mournful tones, that New England’s original inhabitants, the Indians, had become extinct, even though many Indians still lived in the very towns being chronicled.In Firsting and Lasting, Jean M. O’Brien argues that local histories became a primary means by which European Americans asserted their own modernity while denying it to Indian peoples. Erasing and then memorializing Indian peoples also served a more pragmatic colonial goal: refuting Indian claims to land and rights. Drawing on more than six hundred local histories from Massachusetts, Connecticut, and Rhode Island written between 1820 and 1880, as well as censuses, monuments, and accounts of historical pageants and commemorations, O’Brien explores how these narratives inculcated the myth of Indian extinction, a myth that has stubbornly remained in the American consciousness.In order to convince themselves that the Indians had vanished despite their continued presence, O’Brien finds that local historians and their readers embraced notions of racial purity rooted in the century’s scientific racism and saw living Indians as “mixed” and therefore no longer truly Indian. Adaptation to modern life on the part of Indian peoples was used as further evidence of their demise. Indians did not—and have not—accepted this effacement, and O’Brien details how Indians have resisted their erasure through narratives of their own. These debates and the rich and surprising history uncovered in O’Brien’s work continue to have a profound influence on discourses about race and indigenous rights.
", "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2010-09-07T17:49:03Z", "dateModified": "2010-09-07T17:49:24Z" } }, { "key": "KJXH45T2", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 21922, "name": "Modernity", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/modernity", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/21922/items/KJXH45T2", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/modernity/items/KJXH45T2", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/21922/items/PDWWG7JA", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 75367, "username": "tbaker", "name": "Mary Baker", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/tbaker", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "KJXH45T2", "version": 1, "parentItem": "PDWWG7JA", "itemType": "note", "note": "Contents
\nIntroduction : Indians can never be modern -- Firsting : local texts claim Indian places as their own -- Replacing : historical practices argue that non-Indians have supplanted Indians -- Lasting : texts purify the landscape of Indians by denying them a place in modernity -- Resisting : claims in texts about Indian extinction fail even as they are being made -- Conclusion : the continuing struggle over recognition.
\nAvailable at UHLaw
Google Books blurb
\nRecent years have witnessed a renewed debate over the costs at which the benefits of free markets have been bought. This book revisits the moral and political philosophy of Adam Smith, capitalism's founding father, to recover his understanding of the morals of the market age. In so doing it illuminates a crucial albeit overlooked side of Smith's project: his diagnosis of the ethical ills of commercial societies and the remedy he advanced to cure them. Focusing on Smith's analysis of the psychological and social ills endemic to commercial society - anxiety and restlessness, inauthenticity and mediocrity, alienation and individualism - it argues that Smith sought to combat corruption by cultivating the virtues of prudence, magnanimity, and beneficence. The result constitutes a new morality for modernity, at once a synthesis of commercial, classical, and Christian virtues and a normative response to one of the most pressing political problems of Smith's day and ours. Ryan Patrick Hanley is Assistant Professor of Political Science at Marquette University. His research in the history of political philosophy has appeared in the American Political Science Review, the American Journal of Political Science, the Review of Politics, History of Political Thought, the European Journal of Political Theory, and other academic journals and edited volumes. He is also the editor of the forthcoming Penguin Classics edition of Adam Smith's Theory of Moral Sentiments, featuring an introduction by Amartya Sen, and a co-editor, with Darrin McMahon, of The Enlightenment: Critical Concepts in History.
", "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2010-09-07T17:41:00Z", "dateModified": "2010-09-07T17:41:11Z" } }, { "key": "JNPWCKIQ", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 21922, "name": "Modernity", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/modernity", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/21922/items/JNPWCKIQ", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/modernity/items/JNPWCKIQ", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/21922/items/QA6D6B44", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 75367, "username": "tbaker", "name": "Mary Baker", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/tbaker", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "JNPWCKIQ", "version": 1, "parentItem": "QA6D6B44", "itemType": "note", "note": "Contents:
\nIntroduction -- The problem : commerce and corruption -- Smith's defense of commercial society -- What is corruption? : political and psychological perspectives -- Smith on corruption : from the citizen to the human being -- The solution : moral philosophy -- Liberal individualism and virtue ethics -- Social science versus moral philosophy -- Two types of moral philosophy : natural jurisprudence versus ethics -- Three types of ethics : utilitarianism, deontology, and virtue ethics -- Virtue ethics : modern, ancient, and Smithean -- Interlude : the what and the how of TMS VI -- The what : Sith's \"practical system of morality\" -- The how : rhetoric, audience, and the methods of practical ethics -- The how : the ascent of self-love in three stages -- Prudence, or commercial virtue -- The challenge : from praise to prudence -- Educating the vain : fathers and sons -- Self-interest rightly understood -- The advantages and disadvantages of prudence -- Magnanimity, or classical virtue -- The problems of prudence and the therapy of magnanimity -- Up from individualism : desert, praiseworthiness, conscience -- Modernity, antiquity, and magnanimity -- The dangers of magnanimity -- Beneficence, or Christian virtue -- Between care and caritas -- Benevolence and beneficence and the human telos -- The character and purposes of the wise and virtuous man -- Wisdom and virtue and Adam Smith's apology -- Epilogue: The \"economy of greatness\".
\nAvailable at Hamilton
Notes from Tuti's first read
\nClaim: \"sovereignty has taken a new form, composed of a series of national and supranational organisms united under a single logic of rule. This new global form of sovereignty is what we call Empire\" (xii).
\nModern sovereignty -Colonialism and imperialism existed in modern era. Empire operates in the post-modern era. \"The passage to Empire emerges from the twilight of modern sovereignty\" (xii).
\nCapitalist mode of production is transforming. The world is smoothing out. This is a more complex and nuanced articulation of Friedman's flat world. Regimes of \"differentiation,\" homogenization,\" deterritorialization,\" and \"reterritorialization\" are forming and re-forming in paths and flows of global production (xiii). \"In the postmodernization of the global economy, the creation of wealth tends ever more toward what we will call biopolitical production, the production of social life itself, in which the economic, the political, and the cultural increasingly overlap and invest one another\" (xiii).
\nA new imperial form of sovereignty has emerged in which no nation-state can form the center of an imperial project in the post-modern era (xiii-xiv). \"No nation will be world leader in the way modern European nations were\" (xiv).
\nThe United States is founded on the imperial idea. The ideological founders of the US \"believed they were creating on the other side of the Atlantic a new Empire with open, expanding frontiers, where power would be effectively distributed in networks\" (xiv).
\n\"The concept of Empire is characterized fundamentally by a lack of boundaries: Empire's rule has no limits. First and foremost, then, the concept of Empire posits a regime that effectively encompasses the spatial totality, or really that rules over the entire 'civilized' world\" (xiv).
\n“The passage to Empire and its processes of globalization offer new possibilities to the forces of liberation. Globalization, of course, is not one thing, and the multiple processes that we recognize as globalization are not unified or univocal. Our political task, we will argue, is not simply to resist these processes but to reorganize them and redirect them toward new ends” (xv).
\nThe new ends the authors call for is “an alternative political organization of global flows and exchanges” (v) that construct new democratic forms and new constituent power. The key, as Alfred and Shiva would argue, is through the power of place and the practices in place of indigenous communities and local hybrid communities. These communities must contend with the non-place of Empire. (see chapter 2.6 Imperial Sovereignty).
\nIn the chapter Intermezzo: Counter Empire the authors write that \"whereas in the disciplinary era (the modern era) sabotage was the fundamental notion of resistance, in the era of imperial control (post-modern) it may be desertion\" (212). Empire exists nowhere and everywhere. There is no location of power that can be targeted with sabotage.
\n“The new politics is given real substance only when we shift our focus from the question of form and order to the regimes and practices of production” (217).
\n“With this passage the deconstructive phase of critical thought, which from Heidigger and Adorno to Derrida provided a powerful instrument for the exit from modernity, has lost its effectiveness. It is now a closed parenthesis and leaves us faced with a new task: constructing, in the non-place, a new place; constructing ontologically new determination of the human, of living – a powerful artificiality of being. (217)” They go on to suggest that Donna Harraway’s cyborgs stimulate the imagination, open up the terrains of possibility. They are looking for theoretical practice to actualize terrains of possibility (218). Here is where Taylor’s work with social imaginaries might be helpful.
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