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            "note": "<p>Intro: numerical feedback is poor means of changing practice (has references for these) and written or \"narrative\" feedback can improve in-trainer performance.</p>\n<p>Results: trainers left specific comments frequently but rarely provided an action plan on HOW to turn those comments into improvements. Trainee self-reflective comments were sparse.</p>",
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                    "firstName": "Elisabeth A M",
                    "lastName": "Pelgrim"
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                    "firstName": "Anneke W M",
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                    "firstName": "Cees P M",
                    "lastName": "Van der Vleuten"
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            "abstractNote": "BACKGROUND: Research has shown that narrative feedback, (self) reflections and a plan to undertake and evaluate improvements are key factors for effective feedback on clinical performance. We investigated the quantity of narrative comments comprising feedback (by trainers), self-reflections (by trainees) and action plans (by trainer and trainee) entered on a mini-CEX form that was modified for use in general practice training and to encourage trainers and trainees to provide narrative comments. In view of the importance of specificity as an indicator of feedback quality, we additionally examined the specificity of the comments.\nMETHOD: We collected and analysed modified mini-CEX forms completed by GP trainers and trainees. Since each trainee has the same trainer for the duration of one year, we used trainer-trainee pairs as the unit of analysis. We determined for all forms the frequency of the different types of narrative comments and rated their specificity on a three-point scale: specific, moderately specific, not specific. Specificity was compared between trainee-trainer pairs.\nRESULTS: We collected 485 completed modified mini-CEX forms from 54 trainees (mean of 8.8 forms per trainee; range 1-23; SD 5.6). Trainer feedback was more frequently provided than trainee self-reflections, and action plans were very rare. The comments were generally specific, but showed large differences between trainee-trainer pairs.\nCONCLUSION: The frequency of self-reflection and action plans varied, all comments were generally specific and there were substantial and consistent differences between trainee-trainer pairs in the specificity of comments. We therefore conclude that feedback is not so much determined by the instrument as by the users. Interventions to improve the educational effects of the feedback procedure should therefore focus more on the users than on the instruments.",
            "publicationTitle": "BMC medical education",
            "publisher": "",
            "place": "",
            "date": "2012",
            "volume": "12",
            "issue": "",
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            "pages": "97",
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            "accessDate": "",
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            "shortTitle": "Quality of written narrative feedback and reflection in a modified mini-clinical evaluation exercise",
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                    "type": 1
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                    "type": 1
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                    "type": 1
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                {
                    "tag": "Narration",
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                    "tag": "Netherlands",
                    "type": 1
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                    "tag": "Observer Variation",
                    "type": 1
                },
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                    "tag": "Problem Solving",
                    "type": 1
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                    "type": 1
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                    "firstName": "Sarah",
                    "lastName": "Schiekirka"
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                    "firstName": "H L",
                    "lastName": "Copeland"
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            "abstractNote": "OBJECTIVE: In a study conducted over 3 large symposia on intensive review of internal medicine, we previously assessed the features that were most important to course participants in evaluating the quality of a lecture. In this study, we attempt to validate these observations by assessing prospectively the extent to which ratings of specific lecture features would predict the overall evaluation of lectures.\nMEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: After each lecture, 143 to 355 course participants rated the overall lecture quality of 69 speakers involved in a large symposium on intensive review of internal medicine. In addition, 7 selected participants and the course directors rated specific lecture features and overall quality for each speaker. The relations among the variables were assessed through Pearson correlation coefficients and cluster analysis. Regression analysis was performed to determine which features would predict the overall lecture quality ratings. The features that most highly correlated with ratings of overall lecture quality were the speaker's abilities to identify key points (r =.797) and be engaging (r =.782), the lecture clarity (r =.754), and the slide comprehensibility (r =.691) and format (r =.660). The three lecture features of engaging the audience, lecture clarity, and using a case-based format were identified through regression as the strongest predictors of overall lecture quality ratings (R2 = 0.67, P = 0.0001).\nCONCLUSIONS: We have identified core lecture features that positively affect the success of the lecture. We believe our findings are useful for lecturers wanting to improve their effectiveness and for educators who design continuing medical education curricula.",
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            "publisher": "",
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            "ISSN": "0884-8734",
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            "shortTitle": "Successful lecturing",
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            "dateAdded": "2013-11-14T15:47:00Z",
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