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            "title": "A movement ecology paradigm for unifying organismal movement research",
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                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Ran",
                    "lastName": "Nathan"
                },
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                    "firstName": "Wayne M.",
                    "lastName": "Getz"
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                    "firstName": "Peter E.",
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            "abstractNote": "Movement of individual organisms is fundamental to life, quilting our planet in a rich tapestry of phenomena with diverse implications for ecosystems and humans. Movement research is both plentiful and insightful, and recent methodological advances facilitate obtaining a detailed view of individual movement. Yet, we lack a general unifying paradigm, derived from first principles, which can place movement studies within a common context and advance the development of a mature scientific discipline. This introductory article to the Movement Ecology Special Feature proposes a paradigm that integrates conceptual, theoretical, methodological, and empirical frameworks for studying movement of all organisms, from microbes to trees to elephants. We introduce a conceptual framework depicting the interplay among four basic mechanistic components of organismal movement: the internal state (why move?), motion (how to move?), and navigation (when and where to move?) capacities of the individual and the external factors affecting movement. We demonstrate how the proposed framework aids the study of various taxa and movement types; promotes the formulation of hypotheses about movement; and complements existing biomechanical, cognitive, random, and optimality paradigms of movement. The proposed framework integrates eclectic research on movement into a structured paradigm and aims at providing a basis for hypothesis generation and a vehicle facilitating the understanding of the causes, mechanisms, and spatiotemporal patterns of movement and their role in various ecological and evolutionary processes.\n”Now we must consider in general the common reason for moving with any movement whatever.“ (Aristotle, , 4th century B.C.)",
            "publicationTitle": "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences",
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            "date": "December 09, 2008",
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            "DOI": "10.1073/pnas.0800375105",
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            "title": "Meta-analysis of animal movement using state-space models",
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                    "firstName": "Ian D.",
                    "lastName": "Jonsen"
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            "publicationTitle": "Ecology",
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            "date": "11/2003",
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            "pages": "3055-3063",
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            "journalAbbreviation": "Ecology",
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            "title": "A Parsimonious Approach to Modeling Animal Movement Data",
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                    "firstName": "Yann",
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                    "lastName": "Robinson"
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                    "lastName": "Costa"
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            "publicationTitle": "PLoS ONE",
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            "date": "2009",
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            "pages": "e4711",
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            "creatorSummary": "Bailey et al.",
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            "title": "Identifying and comparing phases of movement by leatherback turtles using state-space models",
            "creators": [
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "H.",
                    "lastName": "Bailey"
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                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "G.",
                    "lastName": "Shillinger"
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                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "D.",
                    "lastName": "Palacios"
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                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "S.",
                    "lastName": "Bograd"
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                    "lastName": "Spotila"
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                    "firstName": "F.",
                    "lastName": "Paladino"
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                    "firstName": "B.",
                    "lastName": "Block"
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            ],
            "abstractNote": "Leatherback turtles (Dermochelys coriacea) are currently critically endangered and could be on the verge of extinction within the Pacific Ocean. In 2004-7, satellite transmitters were attached to 46 female turtles nesting at Playa Grande, Costa Rica, to further investigate their distribution and movements in the eastern Pacific to improve conservation measures. State-space models (SSM) provide a valuable tool for modelling movement data by simultaneously accounting for measurement error and variability in the movement dynamics. Track simulations and a measure of the uncertainty for each position estimate allowed model performance with large amounts of missing satellite data to be assessed, as this is common for marine animals. A switching SSM was applied to the tracks of the turtles, which also provided an estimate of the behavioural mode at each location. This enabled the internesting period to be objectively defined based on a shift between these two modes. This switch occurred later than the last observed nesting event, indicating turtles did not immediately move offshore and the length of time and area that turtles utilise during internesting could previously have been underestimated. The movement parameters, mean turning angle and autocorrelation in speed and direction, for each mode were similar to those in the Atlantic Ocean, but the foraging phase was more prolonged and widely dispersed suggesting that food patches are less predictable in the Pacific. This may explain the long period between nesting seasons.",
            "publicationTitle": "Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology",
            "publisher": "",
            "place": "",
            "date": "March 3, 2008",
            "volume": "356",
            "issue": "1-2",
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            "pages": "128-135",
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            "DOI": "10.1016/j.jembe.2007.12.020",
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            "tags": [
                {
                    "tag": "Dermochelys coriacea",
                    "type": 1
                },
                {
                    "tag": "Internesting",
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                {
                    "tag": "Pacific Ocean",
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                    "tag": "Satellite telemetry",
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                    "tag": "Switching state-space model",
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            "dateAdded": "2009-06-18T15:55:26Z",
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