[
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"creatorSummary": "Pan et al.",
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"version": 8605,
"itemType": "journalArticle",
"title": "Interannual variations and trends of gross primary production and transpiration of four mature deciduous broadleaf forest sites during 2000-2020",
"creators": [
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Li",
"lastName": "Pan"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Xiangming",
"lastName": "Xiao"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Baihong",
"lastName": "Pan"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Cheng",
"lastName": "Meng"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Ralf M.",
"lastName": "Staebler"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Chenchen",
"lastName": "Zhang"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Yuanwei",
"lastName": "Qin"
}
],
"abstractNote": "The interannual variations of gross primary production (GPP) and transpiration (T) in deciduous broadleaf forests reflect how the forest responds to climate change. However, our knowledge remains limited due to lack of multi-decadal data. In this study, we selected four mature deciduous broadleaf forest sites in the United States of America and Canada from 2000 to 2020 to investigate decadal trends in atmospheric CO2 concentrations, climate, vegetation indices, phenology, and carbon and water fluxes. The Vegetation Photosynthesis Model (VPM v3.0) and the Vegetation Transpiration Model (VTM, v2.0) were used to estimate GPP and T at the four sites. The GPP from the VPM simulations (GPPVPM) is highly consistent with that from the eddy flux tower sites (GPPEC) (R2 range from 0.77 to 0.89). The interannual trends of carbon and water fluxes during the period from 2000 to 2020 varied by sites, ranging from increases (CA-Cbo) to no trend (US-Ha1, US-MMs, US-WCr sites), dependent upon the temporal changes in atmospheric CO2 concentration and climate. Spring phenology at these sites had no significant trends due to the lack of an interannual trend of air temperature during 2000-2020. In those years with hotter winter and early spring season (WESS), the start of the season (SOS) advanced and the growing season length (GSL) extended, but there were little changes in the end of the season (EOS) and annual GPP. This study highlights the value of long-term measurements at forest eddy flux tower sites and the skill of VPM v3.0 and VTM v2.0 models and the ERA5 climate dataset for simulations over the past two decades, which could be used to do regional and global simulations of deciduous broadleaf forests and assess their responses to climate change.",
"publicationTitle": "REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT",
"volume": "304",
"issue": "",
"pages": "114042",
"date": "APR 1 2024",
"series": "",
"seriesTitle": "",
"seriesText": "",
"journalAbbreviation": "Remote Sens. Environ.",
"language": "English",
"DOI": "10.1016/j.rse.2024.114042",
"ISSN": "0034-4257, 1879-0704",
"shortTitle": "",
"url": "https://www.webofscience.com/api/gateway?GWVersion=2&SrcAuth=DynamicDOIArticle&SrcApp=WOS&KeyAID=10.1016%2Fj.rse.2024.114042&DestApp=DOI&SrcAppSID=USW2EC0BA4TpZzgFvXKcahl5P9Bb3&SrcJTitle=REMOTE+SENSING+OF+ENVIRONMENT&DestDOIRegistrantName=Elsevier",
"accessDate": "2024-03-25T18:20:10Z",
"archive": "",
"archiveLocation": "",
"libraryCatalog": "Clarivate Analytics Web of Science",
"callNumber": "",
"rights": "",
"extra": "Num Pages: 15\nPlace: New York\nPublisher: Elsevier Science Inc\nWeb of Science ID: WOS:001184374400001",
"tags": [
{
"tag": "CARBON-DIOXIDE",
"type": 1
},
{
"tag": "ERA5",
"type": 1
},
{
"tag": "INDUCED CHLOROPHYLL FLUORESCENCE",
"type": 1
},
{
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"type": 1
},
{
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},
{
"tag": "MODIS",
"type": 1
},
{
"tag": "NET ECOSYSTEM EXCHANGE",
"type": 1
},
{
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"type": 1
},
{
"tag": "SOLAR-RADIATION",
"type": 1
},
{
"tag": "SOUTHERN ONTARIO",
"type": 1
},
{
"tag": "TEMPERATURE-ACCLIMATION",
"type": 1
},
{
"tag": "TERRESTRIAL GROSS",
"type": 1
},
{
"tag": "Vegetation photosynthesis model",
"type": 1
},
{
"tag": "Vegetation transpiration model",
"type": 1
},
{
"tag": "WATER-USE EFFICIENCY",
"type": 1
}
],
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}
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"creatorSummary": "Schaus et al.",
"parsedDate": "2023",
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"version": 8605,
"itemType": "journalArticle",
"title": "Unraveling the Effects of Hurricane Maria on the Abundance and Composition of Harvestmen (Arachnida: Opiliones) Species Along an Elevational Gradient in Puerto Rico",
"creators": [
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Maynard H.",
"lastName": "Schaus"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Victor R.",
"lastName": "Townsend"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Amanda C.",
"lastName": "Albert"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Donald A.",
"lastName": "Yee"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Daniel N.",
"lastName": "Proud"
}
],
"abstractNote": "Harvestmen exhibit substantial responses to environmental conditions, disturbances, and modifications of their habitat. We examined the abundance and species distribution of harvestmen along an elevational gradient in the Luquillo Experimental Forest (LEF) on Puerto Rico 6-12 weeks before and 9-10 months after Hurricane Maria passed over the island in September, 2017. This provided a unique opportunity to examine the effects of a major storm on litter-dwelling arthropod populations, as the storm led to a much greater abundance of leaf litter and downed branches. The abundance of harvestmen was measured in quadrat samples from 300 to 1,000 m elevation using Winkler samplers. We observed greater harvestmen abundance post-storm, which was similar to the results for most other arthropod groups. Pre-storm, harvestmen showed greater abundance in palm habitat, as compared to forests that were a mix of broadleaf and palm vegetation. Across all sampling periods, harvestmen were most abundant at low to medium elevations (300-600 m), especially for the two dominant taxa (Stygnomma spinula and Metacynortoides obscura obscura). Our findings are similar to results obtained from manipulative studies in the LEF several years prior to the hurricane. A challenge for the future is to understand the ways that the projected increase in storm severity due to climate change can affect various invertebrate groups such as harvestmen, and how tropical forests can remain resilient to such disturbances.",
"publicationTitle": "CARIBBEAN JOURNAL OF SCIENCE",
"volume": "53",
"issue": "2",
"pages": "68-78",
"date": "2023",
"series": "",
"seriesTitle": "",
"seriesText": "",
"journalAbbreviation": "Caribb. J. Sci.",
"language": "English",
"DOI": "",
"ISSN": "0008-6452",
"shortTitle": "Unraveling the Effects of Hurricane Maria on the Abundance and Composition of Harvestmen (Arachnida",
"url": "https://www.webofscience.com/wos/woscc/full-record/WOS:001161198200001",
"accessDate": "2024-03-25T18:19:30Z",
"archive": "",
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"callNumber": "",
"rights": "",
"extra": "Num Pages: 11\nPlace: Mayaguez\nPublisher: Univ Puerto Rico\nWeb of Science ID: WOS:001161198200001",
"tags": [
{
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"type": 1
},
{
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"type": 1
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{
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"type": 1
},
{
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"type": 1
},
{
"tag": "LTER-LUQ"
},
{
"tag": "TROPICAL RAIN-FOREST",
"type": 1
}
],
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"creatorSummary": "Wu et al.",
"parsedDate": "2023",
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"data": {
"key": "9IE7ZE6D",
"version": 8605,
"itemType": "conferencePaper",
"title": "Establishing Relationships Between Organic Carbon Storage, Soil Water Content, and Vegetation Cover with Freeze-Thaw Deformation in the Arctic",
"creators": [
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Yue",
"lastName": "Wu"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Jingyi",
"lastName": "Chen"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "M. Bayani",
"lastName": "Cardenas"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "George W.",
"lastName": "Kling"
}
],
"abstractNote": "In this study, we jointly analyzed InSAR data and 202 soil core samples collected at various sites across similar to 7,500 km(2) area near the Toolik Field Station. To compare point-wise field measurements with regional InSAR estimation, we derived PDFs from our field and lab measurements to better characterize regional soil properties and applied a Monte Carlo-based simulation. The joint analysis allowed us to prove that the InSAR-observed seasonal thaw subsidence measures the amount of water stored in the saturated soil active layer above permafrost. In the Toolik area, 95% of the soil water equivalent depth estimates range from 0 to 66 cm in the Toolik area. Field data was then used to study the inter-relationship between soil properties, land cover types, seasonal thaw subsidence, and soil carbon storage. We found that the land cover type with thicker catotelm tends to store more soil carbon and produce greater seasonal thaw. As a result, we highlight the importance of land cover type and catotelm thickness in predicting the amount of thaw subsidence and soil organic carbon storage.",
"date": "2023",
"proceedingsTitle": "IGARSS 2023 - 2023 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM",
"conferenceName": "IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS)",
"place": "New York",
"publisher": "IEEE",
"volume": "",
"pages": "87-89",
"series": "",
"language": "English",
"DOI": "10.1109/IGARSS52108.2023.10282817",
"ISBN": "9798350320107",
"shortTitle": "",
"url": "https://www.webofscience.com/api/gateway?GWVersion=2&SrcAuth=DOISource&SrcApp=WOS&KeyAID=10.1109%2Figarss52108.2023.10282817&DestApp=DOI&SrcAppSID=USW2EC0BA4TpZzgFvXKcahl5P9Bb3&SrcJTitle=IGARSS+2023+-+2023+IEEE+INTERNATIONAL+GEOSCIENCE+AND+REMOTE+SENSING+SYMPOSIUM&DestDOIRegistrantName=Institute+of+Electrical+and+Electronics+Engineers",
"accessDate": "2024-03-25T18:19:02Z",
"archive": "",
"archiveLocation": "",
"libraryCatalog": "Clarivate Analytics Web of Science",
"callNumber": "",
"rights": "",
"extra": "ISSN: 2153-6996\nNum Pages: 3\nSeries Title: IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS\nWeb of Science ID: WOS:001098971600024",
"tags": [
{
"tag": "Arctic",
"type": 1
},
{
"tag": "InSAR",
"type": 1
},
{
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},
{
"tag": "freeze-thaw deformation",
"type": 1
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{
"tag": "soil organic carbon storage",
"type": 1
},
{
"tag": "soil water content",
"type": 1
}
],
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"creatorSummary": "Rassweiler and Wall",
"parsedDate": "2024-03-12",
"numChildren": 0
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"data": {
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"version": 8605,
"itemType": "journalArticle",
"title": "Rotational fishery closures could enhance coral recovery in systems with alternative states",
"creators": [
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Andrew",
"lastName": "Rassweiler"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Lee M.",
"lastName": "Wall"
}
],
"abstractNote": "Rotational closures have potential fisheries benefits, yet their impact on coral cover is unknown. Research has shown that permanent closures can protect herbivorous fish, indirectly benefiting corals, but these observations may not apply when closed periods alternate with fishing. Here, we examine how rotational closures affect coral, focusing on systems with the potential to switch between alternative stable states, a context in which temporary closures may have persistent effects. We show that rotational closures can trigger coral recovery, and in some contexts lead to better coral recovery than fixed closures of similar size. Such benthic effects are only possible if closures last long enough for change to occur. We also note that very large fixed or rotating closures may concentrate fishing effort in areas where fishing remains permitted, leading to lower overall coral cover. Our findings offer crucial guidance to managers regarding rotational closures' potential advantages and drawbacks.",
"publicationTitle": "CONSERVATION LETTERS",
"volume": "",
"issue": "",
"pages": "",
"date": "2024 MAR 12",
"series": "",
"seriesTitle": "",
"seriesText": "",
"journalAbbreviation": "Conserv. Lett.",
"language": "English",
"DOI": "10.1111/conl.13008",
"ISSN": "1755-263X",
"shortTitle": "",
"url": "https://www.webofscience.com/api/gateway?GWVersion=2&SrcAuth=DynamicDOIArticle&SrcApp=WOS&KeyAID=10.1111%2Fconl.13008&DestApp=DOI&SrcAppSID=USW2EC0BA4TpZzgFvXKcahl5P9Bb3&SrcJTitle=CONSERVATION+LETTERS&DestDOIRegistrantName=Wiley+%28Blackwell+Publishing%29",
"accessDate": "2024-03-25T18:15:53Z",
"archive": "",
"archiveLocation": "",
"libraryCatalog": "Clarivate Analytics Web of Science",
"callNumber": "",
"rights": "",
"extra": "Num Pages: 9\nPlace: Hoboken\nPublisher: Wiley\nWeb of Science ID: WOS:001182488200001",
"tags": [
{
"tag": "ATTRACTORS",
"type": 1
},
{
"tag": "LTER-MCR"
},
{
"tag": "MARINE PROTECTED AREAS",
"type": 1
},
{
"tag": "REEF",
"type": 1
},
{
"tag": "RESILIENCE",
"type": 1
},
{
"tag": "alternative stable states",
"type": 1
},
{
"tag": "benthic ecology",
"type": 1
},
{
"tag": "coral reefs",
"type": 1
},
{
"tag": "hysteresis",
"type": 1
},
{
"tag": "marine conservation",
"type": 1
},
{
"tag": "marine protected areas",
"type": 1
},
{
"tag": "periodic closures",
"type": 1
},
{
"tag": "population modeling",
"type": 1
},
{
"tag": "rotational closures",
"type": 1
},
{
"tag": "spatial fishery management",
"type": 1
}
],
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}
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"creatorSummary": "Thompson et al.",
"parsedDate": "2024-02-09",
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"data": {
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"version": 8604,
"itemType": "journalArticle",
"title": "State of the California Current Ecosystem report in 2022: a tale of two La Ninas",
"creators": [
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Andrew R.",
"lastName": "Thompson"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Rasmus",
"lastName": "Swalethorp"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Michaela",
"lastName": "Alksne"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Jarrod A.",
"lastName": "Santora"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Elliott L.",
"lastName": "Hazen"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Andrew",
"lastName": "Leising"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Erin",
"lastName": "Satterthwaite"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "William J.",
"lastName": "Sydeman"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Clarissa R.",
"lastName": "Anderson"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Toby D.",
"lastName": "Auth"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Simone",
"lastName": "Baumann-Pickering"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Timothy",
"lastName": "Baumgardner"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Eric P.",
"lastName": "Bjorkstedt"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Steven J.",
"lastName": "Bograd"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Noelle M.",
"lastName": "Bowlin"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Brian J.",
"lastName": "Burke"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Elizabeth A.",
"lastName": "Daly"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Heidi",
"lastName": "Dewar"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "John C.",
"lastName": "Field"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Jennifer L.",
"lastName": "Fisher"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Newell",
"lastName": "Garfield"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Ashlyn",
"lastName": "Gidding"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Ralf",
"lastName": "Goericke"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Richard",
"lastName": "Golightly"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Eliana",
"lastName": "Gomez-Ocampo"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Jose",
"lastName": "Gomez-Valdes"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "John A.",
"lastName": "Hildebrand"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Kym C.",
"lastName": "Jacobson"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Michael G.",
"lastName": "Jacox"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Jaime",
"lastName": "Jahncke"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Michael",
"lastName": "Johns"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Joshua M.",
"lastName": "Jones"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Bertha",
"lastName": "Lavaniegos"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Nate",
"lastName": "Mantua"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Gerard J.",
"lastName": "McChesney"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Megan E.",
"lastName": "Medina"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Sharon R.",
"lastName": "Melin"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Luis Erasmo",
"lastName": "Miranda"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Cheryl A.",
"lastName": "Morgan"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Catherine F.",
"lastName": "Nickels"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Rachael A.",
"lastName": "Orben"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Jessica M.",
"lastName": "Porquez"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Antonella",
"lastName": "Preti"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Roxanne R.",
"lastName": "Robertson"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Daniel L.",
"lastName": "Rudnick"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Keith M.",
"lastName": "Sakuma"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Carley R.",
"lastName": "Schacter"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Isaac D.",
"lastName": "Schroeder"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Lauren",
"lastName": "Scopel"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Owyn E.",
"lastName": "Snodgrass"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Sarah Ann",
"lastName": "Thompson"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Pete",
"lastName": "Warzybok"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Katherine",
"lastName": "Whitaker"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "William",
"lastName": "Watson"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Edward D.",
"lastName": "Weber"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Brian",
"lastName": "Wells"
}
],
"abstractNote": "2022 marked the third consecutive La Nina and extended the longest consecutive stretch of negative Oceanic Nino Index since 1998-2001. While physical and biological conditions in winter and spring largely adhered to prior La Nina conditions, summer and fall were very different. Similar to past La Nina events, in winter and spring coastal upwelling was either average or above average, temperature average or below average, salinity generally above average. In summer and fall, however, upwelling and temperature were generally average or slightly below average, salinity was close to average and chlorophyll a was close to average. Again, as during prior La Nina events, biomass of northern/southern copepods was above/below average off Oregon in winter, and body size of North Pacific krill in northern California was above average in winter. By contrast, later in the year the abundance of northern krill dropped off Oregon while southern copepods increased and body sizes of North Pacific krill fell in northern California. Off Oregon and Washington abundances of market squid and Pacific pompano (indicators of warm, non-typical La Nina conditions) were high. In the 20th century, Northern anchovy recruitment tended to be high during cold conditions, but despite mostly warm conditions from 2015-2021 anchovy populations boomed and remained high in 2022. Resident seabird reproductive success, which tended in the past to increase during productive La Nina conditions was highly variable throughout the system as common murre and pelagic cormorant, experienced complete reproductive failure at Yaquina Head, Oregon while Brandt's cormorant reproduction was average. At three sampling locations off central California, however, common murre reproduction was close to or above average while both pelagic and Brandt's cormorant were above average. California sealion reproduction has been above average each year since 2016, and pup weight was also above average in 2022, likely in response not to La Nina or El Nino but continuous high abundance of anchovy. The highly variable and often unpredictable physical and biological conditions in 2022 highlight a growing recognition of disconnects between basin-scale indices and local conditions in the CCE. \"July-December 2022 is the biggest outlier from individual \"strong\" La Nina (events) ever going back to the 50s.\" - Nate Mantua",
"publicationTitle": "FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE",
"volume": "11",
"issue": "",
"pages": "1294011",
"date": "FEB 9 2024",
"series": "",
"seriesTitle": "",
"seriesText": "",
"journalAbbreviation": "Front. Mar. Sci.",
"language": "English",
"DOI": "10.3389/fmars.2024.1294011",
"ISSN": "2296-7745",
"shortTitle": "State of the California Current Ecosystem report in 2022",
"url": "https://www.webofscience.com/api/gateway?GWVersion=2&SrcAuth=DOISource&SrcApp=WOS&KeyAID=10.3389%2Ffmars.2024.1294011&DestApp=DOI&SrcAppSID=USW2EC0BA4TpZzgFvXKcahl5P9Bb3&SrcJTitle=FRONTIERS+IN+MARINE+SCIENCE&DestDOIRegistrantName=Frontiers+Media+SA",
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"archive": "",
"archiveLocation": "",
"libraryCatalog": "Clarivate Analytics Web of Science",
"callNumber": "",
"rights": "",
"extra": "Num Pages: 21\nPlace: Lausanne\nPublisher: Frontiers Media Sa\nWeb of Science ID: WOS:001169490800001",
"tags": [
{
"tag": "ABUNDANCE",
"type": 1
},
{
"tag": "California Cooperative Oceanic Fisheries Investigation",
"type": 1
},
{
"tag": "California Current",
"type": 1
},
{
"tag": "DENSITY",
"type": 1
},
{
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"type": 1
},
{
"tag": "HUMPBACK WHALES",
"type": 1
},
{
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"type": 1
},
{
"tag": "LTER-CCE"
},
{
"tag": "La Nina/El Nino",
"type": 1
},
{
"tag": "OCEAN CLIMATE",
"type": 1
},
{
"tag": "OSCILLATION",
"type": 1
},
{
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"type": 1
},
{
"tag": "SHIFTS",
"type": 1
},
{
"tag": "VARIABILITY",
"type": 1
},
{
"tag": "global warming",
"type": 1
},
{
"tag": "marine heatwave",
"type": 1
}
],
"collections": [
"YFB74WVQ"
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"creatorSummary": "Barker Plotkin et al.",
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"title": "Logging response alters trajectories of reorganization after loss of a foundation tree species",
"creators": [
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Audrey",
"lastName": "Barker Plotkin"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "David A.",
"lastName": "Orwig"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Meghan Graham",
"lastName": "MacLean"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Aaron M.",
"lastName": "Ellison"
}
],
"abstractNote": "Forest insect outbreaks cause large changes in ecosystem structure, composition, and function. Humans often respond to insect outbreaks by conducting salvage logging, which can amplify the immediate effects, but it is unclear whether logging will result in lasting differences in forest structure and dynamics when compared with forests affected only by insect outbreaks. We used 15 years of data from an experimental removal of Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr. (Eastern hemlock), a foundation tree species within eastern North American forests, and contrasted the rate, magnitude, and persistence of response trajectories between girdling (emulating mortality from insect outbreak) and timber harvest treatments. Girdling and logging were equally likely to lead to large changes in forest structure and dynamics, but logging resulted in faster rates of change. Understory light increases and community composition changes were larger and more rapid in the logged plots. Tree seedling and understory vegetation abundance increased more in the girdled plots; this likely occurred because seedlings grew rapidly into the sapling- and tree-size classes after logging and quickly shaded out plants on the forest floor. Downed deadwood pools increased more after logging but standing deadwood pools increased dramatically after girdling. Understory light levels remained elevated for a longer time after girdling. Perhaps because the window of opportunity for understory species to establish was longer in the girdled plots, total species richness increased more in the girdled than logged plots. Despite the potential for greater diversity in the girdled plots, Betula lenta L. (black birch) was the most abundant tree species recruited into the sapling- and tree-size classes in both the girdled and logged plots and is poised to dominate the new forest canopy. The largest difference between the girdling and logging treatments-deadwood structure and quantity-will persist and continue to bolster aboveground carbon storage and structural and habitat diversity in the girdled plots. Human responses to insect outbreaks hasten forest reorganization and remove structural resources that may further alter forest response to ongoing climate stress and future disturbances.",
"publicationTitle": "ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS",
"volume": "",
"issue": "",
"pages": "",
"date": "2024 MAR 14",
"series": "",
"seriesTitle": "",
"seriesText": "",
"journalAbbreviation": "Ecol. Appl.",
"language": "English",
"DOI": "10.1002/eap.2957",
"ISSN": "1051-0761, 1939-5582",
"shortTitle": "",
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"accessDate": "2024-03-25T18:13:33Z",
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"callNumber": "",
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"extra": "Num Pages: 16\nPlace: Hoboken\nPublisher: Wiley\nWeb of Science ID: WOS:001184825900001",
"tags": [
{
"tag": "Adelges tsugae",
"type": 1
},
{
"tag": "DYNAMICS",
"type": 1
},
{
"tag": "ECOLOGY",
"type": 1
},
{
"tag": "FORESTS",
"type": 1
},
{
"tag": "IMPACTS",
"type": 1
},
{
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},
{
"tag": "MORTALITY",
"type": 1
},
{
"tag": "NEW-ENGLAND",
"type": 1
},
{
"tag": "Tsuga canadensis",
"type": 1
},
{
"tag": "forest reorganization",
"type": 1
},
{
"tag": "forest structure",
"type": 1
},
{
"tag": "foundation species",
"type": 1
},
{
"tag": "invasive insects",
"type": 1
},
{
"tag": "salvage logging",
"type": 1
}
],
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"creatorSummary": "Robison et al.",
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"version": 8604,
"itemType": "journalArticle",
"title": "Lotic-SIPCO2: Adaptation of an open-source CO2 sensor system and examination of associated emission uncertainties across a range of stream sizes and land uses",
"creators": [
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Andrew L.",
"lastName": "Robison"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Lauren E.",
"lastName": "Koenig"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Jody D.",
"lastName": "Potter"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Lisle E.",
"lastName": "Snyder"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Christopher W.",
"lastName": "Hunt"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "William H.",
"lastName": "McDowell"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Wilfred M.",
"lastName": "Wollheim"
}
],
"abstractNote": "River networks play a crucial role in the global carbon cycle, as relevant sources of carbon dioxide (CO2) to the atmosphere. Advancements in high-frequency monitoring in aquatic environments have enabled measurement of dissolved CO2 concentration at temporal resolutions essential for studying carbon variability and evasion from these dynamic ecosystems. Here, we describe the adaptation, deployment, and validation of an open-source and relatively low-cost in situ pCO(2) sensor system for lotic ecosystems, the lotic-SIPCO2. We tested the lotic-SIPCO2 in 10 streams that spanned a range of land cover and basin size. Key system adaptations for lotic environments included prevention of biofouling, configuration for variable stage height, and reduction of headspace equilibration time. We then examined which input parameters contribute the most to uncertainty in estimating CO2 emission rates and found scaling factors related to the gas exchange velocity were the most influential when CO2 concentration was significantly above saturation. Near saturation, sensor measurement of pCO(2) contributed most to uncertainty in estimating CO2 emissions. We also found high-frequency measurements of pCO(2) were not necessary to accurately estimate median emission rates given the CO2 regimes of our streams, but daily to weekly sampling was sufficient. High-frequency measurements of pCO(2)remain valuable for exploring in-stream metabolic variability, source partitioning, and storm event dynamics. Our adaptations to the SIPCO2 offer a relatively affordable and robust means of monitoring dissolved CO2 in lotic ecosystems. Our findings demonstrate priorities and related considerations in the design of monitoring projects of dissolved CO(2 )and CO2 evasion dynamics more broadly.",
"publicationTitle": "LIMNOLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY-METHODS",
"volume": "",
"issue": "",
"pages": "",
"date": "2024 FEB 26",
"series": "",
"seriesTitle": "",
"seriesText": "",
"journalAbbreviation": "Limnol. Oceanogr. Meth.",
"language": "English",
"DOI": "10.1002/lom3.10600",
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"accessDate": "2024-03-25T18:08:53Z",
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"callNumber": "",
"rights": "",
"extra": "Num Pages: 17\nPlace: Hoboken\nPublisher: Wiley\nWeb of Science ID: WOS:001177230000001",
"tags": [
{
"tag": "CARBON-DIOXIDE",
"type": 1
},
{
"tag": "DYNAMICS",
"type": 1
},
{
"tag": "GAS-EXCHANGE",
"type": 1
},
{
"tag": "HEADWATER STREAMS",
"type": 1
},
{
"tag": "LTER-PIE"
},
{
"tag": "NITRATE",
"type": 1
},
{
"tag": "PATTERNS",
"type": 1
},
{
"tag": "PCO(2)",
"type": 1
},
{
"tag": "REGIMES",
"type": 1
},
{
"tag": "RIVER",
"type": 1
},
{
"tag": "VARIABILITY",
"type": 1
}
],
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],
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"dateModified": "2024-03-25T18:09:01Z"
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"itemType": "journalArticle",
"title": "Fire Impacts on the Soil Metabolome and Organic Matter Biodegradability",
"creators": [
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Jacob P.",
"lastName": "Vanderroest"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Julie A.",
"lastName": "Fowler"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Charles C.",
"lastName": "Rhoades"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Holly K.",
"lastName": "Roth"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Corey D.",
"lastName": "Broeckling"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Timothy S.",
"lastName": "Fegel"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Amy M.",
"lastName": "Mckenna"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Emily K.",
"lastName": "Bechtold"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Claudia M.",
"lastName": "Boot"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Michael J.",
"lastName": "Wilkins"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Thomas",
"lastName": "Borch"
}
],
"abstractNote": "Global wildfire activity has increased since the 1970s and is projected to intensify throughout the 21st century. Wildfires change the composition and biodegradability of soil organic matter (SOM) which contains nutrients that fuel microbial metabolism. Though persistent forms of SOM often increase postfire, the response of more biodegradable SOM remains unclear. Here we simulated severe wildfires through a controlled \"pyrocosm\" approach to identify biodegradable sources of SOM and characterize the soil metabolome immediately postfire. Using microbial amplicon (16S/ITS) sequencing and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, heterotrophic microbes (Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, and Protobacteria) and specific metabolites (glycine, protocatechuate, citric cycle intermediates) were enriched in burned soils, indicating that burned soils contain a variety of substrates that support microbial metabolism. Molecular formulas assigned by 21 T Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry showed that SOM in burned soil was lower in molecular weight and featured 20 to 43% more nitrogen-containing molecular formulas than unburned soil. We also measured higher water extractable organic carbon concentrations and higher CO2 efflux in burned soils. The observed enrichment of biodegradable SOM and microbial heterotrophs demonstrates the resilience of these soils to severe burning, providing important implications for postfire soil microbial and plant recolonization and ecosystem recovery.",
"publicationTitle": "ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY",
"volume": "58",
"issue": "9",
"pages": "4167-4180",
"date": "FEB 22 2024",
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"seriesText": "",
"journalAbbreviation": "Environ. Sci. Technol.",
"language": "English",
"DOI": "10.1021/acs.est.3c09797",
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"archive": "",
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"callNumber": "",
"rights": "",
"extra": "Num Pages: 14\nPlace: Washington\nPublisher: Amer Chemical Soc\nWeb of Science ID: WOS:001174390200001",
"tags": [
{
"tag": "BACTERIAL COMMUNITIES",
"type": 1
},
{
"tag": "BLACK CARBON",
"type": 1
},
{
"tag": "DECOMPOSITION",
"type": 1
},
{
"tag": "DEGRADATION",
"type": 1
},
{
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},
{
"tag": "MS",
"type": 1
},
{
"tag": "NITROGEN",
"type": 1
},
{
"tag": "PYROGENIC CARBON",
"type": 1
},
{
"tag": "RESOLUTION MASS-SPECTROMETRY",
"type": 1
},
{
"tag": "REVEALS",
"type": 1
},
{
"tag": "SEED-GERMINATION",
"type": 1
}
],
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"creatorSummary": "Cortese et al.",
"parsedDate": "2024-01-16",
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"title": "Coupling numerical models of deltaic wetlands with AirSWOT, UAVSAR, and AVIRIS-NG remote sensing data",
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"firstName": "Luca",
"lastName": "Cortese"
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{
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"firstName": "Carmine",
"lastName": "Donatelli"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Xiaohe",
"lastName": "Zhang"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Justin A.",
"lastName": "Nghiem"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Marc",
"lastName": "Simard"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Cathleen E.",
"lastName": "Jones"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Michael",
"lastName": "Denbina"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Cedric G.",
"lastName": "Fichot"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Joshua P.",
"lastName": "Harringmeyer"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Sergio",
"lastName": "Fagherazzi"
}
],
"abstractNote": "Coastal marsh survival relies on the ability to increase elevation and offset sea level rise. It is therefore important to realistically model sediment fluxes between marshes, tidal channels, and bays as sediment availability controls accretion. Traditionally, numerical models have been calibrated and validated using in situ measurements at a few locations within the domain of interest. These datasets typically provide temporal information but lack spatial variability. This paper explores the potential of coupling numerical models with high-resolution remote sensing imagery. Products from three sensors from the NASA Delta-X airborne mission are used. Uninhabited Aerial Vehicle Synthetic Aperture Radar (UAVSAR) provides vertical water level change on the marshland and was used to adjust the bathymetry and calibrate water fluxes over the marsh. AirSWOT yields water surface elevation within bays, lakes, and channels, and was used to calibrate the Chezy bottom friction coefficient. Finally, imagery from AVIRIS-NG provides maps of total suspended solids (TSS) concentration that were used to calibrate sediment parameters of settling velocity and critical shear stress for erosion. Three numerical models were developed at different locations along coastal Louisiana using Delft3D. The coupling enabled a spatial evaluation of model performance that was not possible using simple point measurements. Overall, the study shows that calibration of numerical models and their general performance will greatly benefit from remote sensing.",
"publicationTitle": "BIOGEOSCIENCES",
"volume": "21",
"issue": "1",
"pages": "241-260",
"date": "JAN 16 2024",
"series": "",
"seriesTitle": "",
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"journalAbbreviation": "Biogeosciences",
"language": "English",
"DOI": "10.5194/bg-21-241-2024",
"ISSN": "1726-4170, 1726-4189",
"shortTitle": "",
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"title": "Save or spend? Diverging water-use strategies of grasses and encroaching clonal shrubs",
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"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "R. M.",
"lastName": "Keen"
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"firstName": "B. R.",
"lastName": "Helliker"
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{
"creatorType": "author",
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"lastName": "Mcculloh"
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"abstractNote": "Shrub encroachment is one of the primary threats to mesic grasslands around the world. This dramatic shift in plant cover has the potential to alter ecosystem-scale water budgets and responses to novel rainfall regimes. Understanding divergent water-use strategies among encroaching shrubs and the grasses they replace is critical for predicting shifts in ecosystem-scale water dynamics as a result of shrub encroachment, particularly if drought events become more frequent and/or severe in the future. In this study, we assessed how water-use traits of a rapidly encroaching clonal shrub (Cornus drummondii) and a dominant C4 grass (Andropogon gerardii) impact responses to changes in water availability in tallgrass prairie. We assessed intra-annual change in depth of water uptake, turgor loss point and stomatal regulation in each species. Sampling took place at Konza Prairie Biological Station (northeastern KS, USA) during the 2021 and 2022 growing seasons. Cornus drummondii shifted from shallow to deep soil water sources across the 2021 and 2022 growing seasons. This plasticity in depth of water uptake facilitated a 'wasteful' water-use strategy in C. drummondii, where stomatal conductance and transpiration rates continued to increase even when no further gain in photosynthetic rate occurred. A. gerardii photosynthetic rates and stomatal conductance were more variable through time and were more responsive to changes in leaf water potential than C. drummondii. However, intra-annual adjustment of turgor loss point was more pronounced in C. drummondii (Delta pi TLP = -0.48 MPa +/- 0.15 SD) than in A. gerardii (Delta pi TLP = -0.29 MPa +/- 0.19 SD). Synthesis. These results suggest that C. drummondii is highly resilient to changes in water availability in surface soils and will likely remain unaffected by future droughts unless they are severe enough to reduce the availability of deep soil water. Given that clonal shrubs are key invaders of grasslands world-wide, increased leaf-level water loss is expected to accelerate ecosystem-level drying as clonal shrub encroachment proceeds in mesic grasslands. Our results suggest that Cornus drummondii, an encroaching clonal shrub in tallgrass prairie, is highly resilient to changes in water availability in surface soils and will likely remain unaffected by future droughts unless they are severe enough to reduce the availability of deep soil water. Given that clonal shrubs are key invaders of grasslands world-wide, increased leaf-level water loss is expected to accelerate ecosystem-level drying as clonal shrub encroachment proceeds in mesic grasslands.image",
"publicationTitle": "JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY",
"volume": "",
"issue": "",
"pages": "",
"date": "2024 FEB 23",
"series": "",
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"journalAbbreviation": "J. Ecol.",
"language": "English",
"DOI": "10.1111/1365-2745.14276",
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"shortTitle": "Save or spend?",
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"extra": "Num Pages: 16\nPlace: Hoboken\nPublisher: Wiley\nWeb of Science ID: WOS:001169527000001",
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"type": 1
},
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"type": 1
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"type": 1
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"type": 1
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"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Jennifer",
"lastName": "Juzwik"
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{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Rebecca A.",
"lastName": "Montgomery"
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{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "J. Antonio Q.",
"lastName": "Guzman"
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{
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"abstractNote": "Tree mortality due to global change-including range expansion of invasive pests and pathogens-is a paramount threat to forest ecosystems. Oak forests are among the most prevalent and valuable ecosystems both ecologically and economically in the United States. There is increasing interest in monitoring oak decline and death due to both drought and the oak wilt pathogen (Bretziella fagacearum). We combined anatomical and ecophysiological measurements with spectroscopy at leaf, canopy, and airborne levels to enable differentiation of oak wilt and drought, and detection prior to visible symptom appearance. We performed an outdoor potted experiment with Quercus rubra saplings subjected to drought stress and/or artificially inoculated with the pathogen. Models developed from spectral reflectance accurately predicted ecophysiological indicators of oak wilt and drought decline in both potted and field experiments with naturally grown saplings. Both oak wilt and drought resulted in blocked water transport through xylem conduits. However, oak wilt impaired conduits in localized regions of the xylem due to formation of tyloses instead of emboli. The localized tylose formation resulted in more variable canopy photosynthesis and water content in diseased trees than drought- stressed ones. Reflectance signatures of plant photosynthesis, water content, and cellular damage detected oak wilt and drought 12 d before visual symptoms appeared. Our results show that leaf spectral reflectance models predict ecophysiological processes relevant to detection and differentiation of disease and drought. Coupling spectral models that detect physiological change with spatial information enhances capacity to differentiate plant stress types such as oak wilt and drought.",
"publicationTitle": "PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA",
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"issue": "7",
"pages": "e2316164121",
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"extra": "Num Pages: 11\nPlace: Washington\nPublisher: Natl Acad Sciences\nWeb of Science ID: WOS:001169065400003",
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"title": "Biosphere Futures: a database of social-ecological scenarios",
"creators": [
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Jan J.",
"lastName": "Kuiper"
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{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Liam R.",
"lastName": "Carpenter-Urquhart"
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{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Marta",
"lastName": "Berbes-Blazquez"
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{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Elisa",
"lastName": "Oteros-Rozas"
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{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Linna",
"lastName": "Fredstrom"
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{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Kinga",
"lastName": "Psiuk"
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{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Codruta",
"lastName": "Savu"
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{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Robert",
"lastName": "Kautsky"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Anne",
"lastName": "Guerry"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Stephen R. Ca",
"lastName": "Rpenter"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Charlyn E.",
"lastName": "Green"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Megan",
"lastName": "Meacham"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Roy P.",
"lastName": "Remme"
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{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Federica",
"lastName": "Ravera"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Franziska",
"lastName": "Wankmueller"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Katie K.",
"lastName": "Arkema"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Laura M.",
"lastName": "Pereira"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Garry D.",
"lastName": "Peterson"
}
],
"abstractNote": ". Biosphere Futures (https://biospherefutures.net/) is a new online database to collect and discover scenario studies from across the world, with a specific focus on scenarios that explicitly incorporate interdependencies between humans and their supporting ecosystems. It provides access to a globally diverse collection of case studies that includes most ecosystems and regions, enabling exploration of the multifaceted ways in which the future might unfold. Together, the case studies illuminate the diversity and plurality of people's expectations and aspirations for the future. The objective of Biosphere Futures is to promote the use of scenarios for sustainable development of the biosphere and to foster a community of practice around social-ecological scenarios. We do so by facilitating the assessment, synthesis, and comparative analysis of scenario case studies, pointing to relevant resources, and by helping practitioners and researchers to disseminate and showcase their own work. This article begins by outlining the rationale behind the creation of the database, followed by an introduction to its functionality and the criteria employed for selecting case studies. Subsequently, we present a synthesis of the first 100 case studies included in the scenarios database, highlighting emerging patterns and identifying potential avenues for further research. Finally, given that broader utilization and contributions to the database will enhance the achievement of Biosphere Futures' objectives, we invite the creators of social-ecological scenarios to contribute additional case studies. By expanding the database's breadth and depth, we can collectively foster a more nuanced understanding of the possible trajectories of our biosphere and enable better decision making for sustainable development.",
"publicationTitle": "ECOLOGY AND SOCIETY",
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"issue": "1",
"pages": "19",
"date": "JAN 2024",
"series": "",
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"seriesText": "",
"journalAbbreviation": "Ecol. Soc.",
"language": "English",
"DOI": "10.5751/ES-14795-290119",
"ISSN": "1708-3087",
"shortTitle": "Biosphere Futures",
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"callNumber": "",
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"extra": "Num Pages: 24\nPlace: Dedham\nPublisher: Resilience Alliance\nWeb of Science ID: WOS:001167813000001",
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"type": 1
},
{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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"creatorSummary": "van Klink et al.",
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"title": "Disproportionate declines of formerly abundant species underlie insect loss",
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{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Roel",
"lastName": "van Klink"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Diana E.",
"lastName": "Bowler"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Konstantin B.",
"lastName": "Gongalsky"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Minghua",
"lastName": "Shen"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Scott R.",
"lastName": "Swengel"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Jonathan M.",
"lastName": "Chase"
}
],
"abstractNote": "Studies have reported widespread declines in terrestrial insect abundances in recent years1-4, but trends in other biodiversity metrics are less clear-cut5-7. Here we examined long-term trends in 923 terrestrial insect assemblages monitored in 106 studies, and found concomitant declines in abundance and species richness. For studies that were resolved to species level (551 sites in 57 studies), we observed a decline in the number of initially abundant species through time, but not in the number of very rare species. At the population level, we found that species that were most abundant at the start of the time series showed the strongest average declines (corrected for regression-to-the-mean effects). Rarer species were, on average, also declining, but these were offset by increases of other species. Our results suggest that the observed decreases in total insect abundance2 can mostly be explained by widespread declines of formerly abundant species. This counters the common narrative that biodiversity loss is mostly characterized by declines of rare species8,9. Although our results suggest that fundamental changes are occurring in insect assemblages, it is important to recognize that they represent only trends from those locations for which sufficient long-term data are available. Nevertheless, given the importance of abundant species in ecosystems10, their general declines are likely to have broad repercussions for food webs and ecosystem functioning. An analysis of more than 500 sites distributed worldwide finds that declines in the abundance of terrestrial insects are attributable mainly to decreases in species that were formerly abundant, rather than being the result of losses of rare species.",
"publicationTitle": "NATURE",
"volume": "",
"issue": "",
"pages": "",
"date": "2023 DEC 20",
"series": "",
"seriesTitle": "",
"seriesText": "",
"journalAbbreviation": "Nature",
"language": "English",
"DOI": "10.1038/s41586-023-06861-4",
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"lastName": "Karatayev"
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"abstractNote": "Cross-ecosystem subsidies are critical to ecosystem structure and function, especially in recipient ecosystems where they are the primary source of organic matter to the food web. Subsidies are indicative of processes connecting ecosystems and can couple ecological dynamics across system boundaries. However, the degree to which such flows can induce cross-ecosystem cascades of spatial synchrony, the tendency for system fluctuations to be correlated across locations, is not well understood. Synchrony has destabilizing effects on ecosystems, adding to the importance of understanding spatiotemporal patterns of synchrony transmission. In order to understand whether and how spatial synchrony cascades across the marine-terrestrial boundary via resource subsidies, we studied the relationship between giant kelp forests on rocky nearshore reefs and sandy beach ecosystems that receive resource subsidies in the form of kelp wrack (detritus). We found that synchrony cascades from rocky reefs to sandy beaches, with spatiotemporal patterns mediated by fluctuations in live kelp biomass, wave action, and beach width. Moreover, wrack deposition synchronized local abundances of shorebirds that move among beaches seeking to forage on wrack-associated invertebrates, demonstrating that synchrony due to subsidies propagates across trophic levels in the recipient ecosystem. Synchronizing resource subsidies likely play an underappreciated role in the spatiotemporal structure, functioning, and stability of ecosystems. Significance Many ecosystems depend on resource inputs, called subsidies, from other ecosystems, influencing their structure and function. Using a model system, we demonstrate how resource subsidies can synchronize the dynamics of recipient ecosystems across space: Synchronous offshore kelp supply, mediated by wave action and beach width, yielded synchronous deposition of kelp wrack (detritus) on open coast sandy beaches, which then cascaded through the trophic levels of the terrestrial recipient system, synchronizing local abundances of shorebirds that move among beaches to forage on invertebrate wrack consumers. Cross-ecosystem synchronization via subsidies likely plays a major but previously unrecognized role in the spatiotemporal dynamics and stability of recipient ecosystems.",
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"firstName": "Leonard O.",
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"abstractNote": "The vulnerability of coastal environments to sea-level rise varies spatially, particularly due to local land subsidence. However, high-resolution observations and models of coastal subsidence are scarce, hindering an accurate vulnerability assessment. We use satellite data from 2007 to 2020 to create high-resolution map of subsidence rate at mm-level accuracy for different land covers along the -3,500 km long US Atlantic coast. Here, we show that subsidence rate exceeding 3 mm per year affects most coastal areas, including wetlands, forests, agricultural areas, and developed regions. Coastal marshes represent the dominant land cover type along the US Atlantic coast and are particularly vulnerable to subsidence. We estimate that 58 to 100% of coastal marshes are losing elevation relative to sea level and show that previous studies substantially underestimate marsh vulnerability by not fully accounting for subsidence.",
"publicationTitle": "NATURE COMMUNICATIONS",
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"firstName": "Henry C.",
"lastName": "Holm"
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"abstractNote": "Sea ice is a critical feature of polar environments with importance for coastal ecosystems. Along the West Antarctic Peninsula (WAP), climate change is causing decreases in seasonal sea ice duration and extent. Organic carbon within sea ice is an important aspect of southern ocean carbon cycling but less studied than water column or sedimentary carbon reservoirs. Though conditions within sea ice can be extreme, phytoplankton are able to flourish and serve as a key food source for higher trophic levels, especially in the spring and fall. A portion of this sea ice phytoplankton biomass is composed of lipids, which are both calorically dense and useful as tracers of biological processes within the sea ice. To better understand both the trophic value and the diversity of lipids present within sea ice we employed high -resolution accurate -mass mass spectrometry to analyze ice core samples from six sites collected along the peninsula in November 2018. Using untargeted methods we annotated 1,173 intact lipid species across 14 classes of intact polar lipids, triacylglycerols, and pigments. We compared lipids' physical distribution within sea ice cores and found they are highly geographically and physically heterogenous within sites. Ratios between intact polar lipid classes show little signs of phytoplankton nutrient stress; a finding consistent with internally nutrient replete sea ice brines. We found key differences in the composition between pack ice versus fast ice and observed chlorophyll a to be inconsistently correlated with triacylglycerol content. We determined the mean caloric content of lipids within pack ice (4.45 +/- 3.47 kJ m-2) and found that caloric densities from the lipids alone were in the range of total water column energy content. Lastly, we show evidence of fatty acid hydroxy fatty acid triacylglycerols within the ice matrix and discuss possible biochemical sources of these novel biomarkers in an ocean system. These results shed light on the chemical diversity of a dynamic and ecosystem relevant carbon pool.",
"publicationTitle": "GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA",
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"extra": "Num Pages: 12\nPlace: Oxford\nPublisher: Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd\nWeb of Science ID: WOS:001171457300001",
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"title": "Omnivorous summer feeding by juvenile Antarctic krill in coastal waters",
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"firstName": "John A.",
"lastName": "Conroy"
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"firstName": "Deborah K.",
"lastName": "Steinberg"
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"abstractNote": "The Antarctic krill Euphausia superba is often considered an herbivore but is notable for its trophic flexibility, which includes feeding on protistan and metazoan zooplankton. Characterizing krill trophic position (TP) is important for understanding carbon and energy flow from phytoplankton to vertebrate predators and to the deep ocean, especially as plankton composition is sensitive to changing climate. We used repeated field sampling and experiments to study feeding by juvenile krill during three austral summers in waters near Palmer Station, Antarctica. Our approach was to combine seasonal carbon budgets, gut fluorescence measurements, imaging flow cytometry, and compound-specific isotope analysis of amino acids. Field measurements coupled to experimentally derived grazing functional response curves suggest that phytoplankton grazing alone was insufficient to support the growth and basal metabolism of juvenile krill. Phytoplankton consumption by juvenile krill was limited due to inefficient feeding on nanoplankton (2-20 mu m), which constituted the majority of autotrophic prey. Mean krill TP and the metazoan dietary fraction increased in years with higher mesozooplankton biomass, which was not coupled to phytoplankton biomass. Comparing TP estimates using delta 15N of different amino acids indicated a substantial and consistent food-web contribution from heterotrophic protists. Phytoplankton, metazoans, and heterotrophic protists all were important contributors to a diverse krill diet that changed substantially among years. Juvenile krill fed mostly on heterotrophic prey during summer near Palmer Station, and this food web complexity should be considered more broadly throughout the changing Southern Ocean.",
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"extra": "Num Pages: 14\nPlace: Hoboken\nPublisher: Wiley\nWeb of Science ID: WOS:001170022500001",
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"abstractNote": "Soil biocrusts are characterized by the spatial self-organization of resident microbial populations at small scales. The cyanobacterium Microcoleus vaginatus, a prominent primary producer and pioneer biocrust former, relies on a mutualistic carbon (C) for nitrogen (N) exchange with its heterotrophic cyanosphere microbiome, a mutualism that may be optimized through the ability of the cyanobacterium to aggregate into bundles of trichomes. Testing both environmental populations and representative isolates, we show that the proximity of mutualistic diazotroph populations results in M. vaginatus bundle formation orchestrated through chemophobic and chemokinetic responses to gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) /glutamate (Glu) signals. The signaling system is characterized by: a high GABA sensitivity (nM range) and low Glu sensitivity (mu M to mM), the fact that GABA and Glu are produced by the cyanobacterium as an autoinduction response to N deficiency, and by the presence of interspecific signaling by heterotrophs in response to C limitation. Further, it crucially switches from a positive to a negative feedback loop with increasing GABA concentration, thus setting maximal bundle sizes. The unprecedented use of GABA/Glu as an intra- and interspecific signal in the spatial organization of microbiomes highlights the pair as truly universal infochemicals.",
"publicationTitle": "ISME JOURNAL",
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"abstractNote": "Modeling the detection of life has never been more opportune. With next-generation space telescopes, such as the currently developing Habitable Worlds Observatory (HWO) concept, we will begin to characterize rocky exoplanets potentially similar to Earth. However, few realistic planetary spectra containing surface biosignatures have been paired with direct imaging telescope instrument models. Therefore, we use a HWO instrument noise model to assess the detection of surface biosignatures affiliated with oxygenic, anoxygenic, and nonphotosynthetic extremophiles. We pair the HWO telescope model to a one-dimensional radiative transfer model to estimate the required exposure times necessary for detecting each biosignature on planets with global microbial coverage and varying atmospheric water vapor concentrations. For modeled planets with 0-50% cloud coverage, we determine pigments and the red edge could be detected within 1000 hr (100 hr) at distances within 15 pc (11 pc). However, tighter telescope inner working angles (2.5 lambda/D) would allow surface biosignature detection at further distances. Anoxygenic photosynthetic biosignatures could also be more easily detectable than nonphotosynthetic pigments and the photosynthetic red edge when compared against a false positive iron oxide slope. Future life detection missions should evaluate the influence of false positives on the detection of multiple surface biosignatures.",
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"lastName": "Stukel"
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"abstractNote": "Multiple processes transport carbon into the deep ocean as part of the biological carbon pump, leading to long-term carbon sequestration. However, our ability to predict future changes in these processes is hampered by the absence of studies that have simultaneously quantified all carbon pump pathways. Here, we quantify carbon export and sequestration in the California Current Ecosystem resulting from (1) sinking particles, (2) active transport by diel vertical migration, and (3) the physical pump (subduction + vertical mixing of particles). We find that sinking particles are the most important and export 9.0 mmol C m(-2) d(-1) across 100-m depth while sequestering 3.9 Pg C. The physical pump exports more carbon from the shallow ocean than active transport (3.8 vs. 2.9 mmol C m(-2) d(-1)), although active transport sequesters more carbon (1.0 vs. 0.8 Pg C) because of deeper remineralization depths. We discuss the implications of these results for understanding biological carbon pump responses to climate change. Biological carbon pump pathways combine to transport organic carbon into the deep ocean. This study shows that sinking particles sequester 4 Pg C, active transport sequesters 1 Pg C, and subduction sequesters 0.8 Pg C in the California Current Ecosystem.",
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{
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"lastName": "Semmens"
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"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Lihini",
"lastName": "Aluwihare"
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"abstractNote": "Although massive biomass fluctuations of coastal-pelagic fishes are an iconic example of the impacts of climate variability on marine ecosystems, the mechanisms governing these dynamics are often elusive. We construct a 45-year record of nitrogen stable isotopes measured in larvae of Northern Anchovy (Engraulis mordax) in the California Current Ecosystem to assess patterns in food chain length. Larval trophic efficiency associated with a shortened food chain increased larval survival and produced boom periods of high adult biomass. In contrast, when larval food chain length increased, and energy transfer efficiency decreased, the population crashed. We propose the Trophic Efficiency in Early Life (TEEL) hypothesis, which states that larval fishes must consume prey that confer sufficient energy for survival, to help explain natural boom-bust dynamics of coastal pelagic fishes. Our findings illustrate a potential for trophic indicators to generally inform larval survival and adult population dynamics of coastal-pelagic fishes.",
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"abstractNote": "Ecological restoration often targets plant community recovery, but restoration success may depend on the recovery of a complex web of biotic interactions to maintain biodiversity and promote ecosystem services. Specifically, management that drives resource availability, such as seeding richness and provenance, may alter species interactions across multiple trophic levels. Using experimentally seeded prairies, we examine three key groups-plants, pollinators and goldenrod crab spiders (Misumena vatia, predators of pollinators)-to understand the effects of species richness and admixture seed sourcing of restoration seed mixtures on multitrophic interactions. Working with prairie plants, we experimentally manipulated seed mix richness and the number of seed source regions (single-source region or admixture seed sourcing). In each experimental prairie, we surveyed floral abundance and richness, pollinator visitation and plant-M. vatia interactions. A high richness seed mix increased floral abundance when seeds were sourced from a single geographic region, and floral abundance strongly increased pollinator visitation, M. vatia abundance and prey capture. Seeding richness and admixture seed sourcing of the seed mixture did not affect floral species richness, but floral species richness increased pollinator visitation. Pollinators interacted with different floral communities across seeding treatments, indicating a shift in visited floral species with restoration practices. Synthesis and applications. Long-term success in prairie restoration requires the restoration of plant-arthropod interactions. We provide evidence that seed mix richness and admixture seed sourcing affect arthropod floral associations, but effective restoration of plant-arthropod interactions should consider total floral resource availability. Incorporating a food web perspective in restoration will strengthen approaches to whole ecosystem restoration. Long-term success in prairie restoration requires the restoration of plant-arthropod interactions. We provide evidence that seed mix richness and admixture seed sourcing affect arthropod floral associations, but effective restoration of plant-arthropod interactions should consider total floral resource availability. Incorporating a food web perspective in restoration will strengthen approaches to whole ecosystem restoration.image",
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"parsedDate": "2024-02-13",
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"title": "Coral thermal stress and bleaching enrich and restructure reef microbial communities via altered organic matter exudation",
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"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Wesley J.",
"lastName": "Sparagon"
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{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Milou G. I.",
"lastName": "Arts"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Zachary A.",
"lastName": "Quinlan"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Linda Wegley",
"lastName": "Kelly"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Irina",
"lastName": "Koester"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Jacqueline",
"lastName": "Comstock"
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{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Jessica A.",
"lastName": "Bullington"
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{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Craig A.",
"lastName": "Carlson"
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{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Pieter C.",
"lastName": "Dorrestein"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Lihini I.",
"lastName": "Aluwihare"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Andreas F.",
"lastName": "Haas"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Craig E.",
"lastName": "Nelson"
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],
"abstractNote": "Coral bleaching is a well-documented and increasingly widespread phenomenon in reefs across the globe, yet there has been relatively little research on the implications for reef water column microbiology and biogeochemistry. A mesocosm heating experiment and bottle incubation compared how unbleached and bleached corals alter dissolved organic matter (DOM) exudation in response to thermal stress and subsequent effects on microbial growth and community structure in the water column. Thermal stress of healthy corals tripled DOM flux relative to ambient corals. DOM exudates from stressed corals (heated and/or previously bleached) were compositionally distinct from healthy corals and significantly increased growth of bacterioplankton, enriching copiotrophs and putative pathogens. Together these results demonstrate how the impacts of both short-term thermal stress and long-term bleaching may extend into the water column, with altered coral DOM exudation driving microbial feedbacks that influence how coral reefs respond to and recover from mass bleaching events. A mesocosm heating experiment reveals that corals stressed by bleaching and/or heating exude compositionally distinct dissolved organic matter, which in turn yields elevated microbial loads and may increase abundance of copiotrophic and putatively pathogenic bacterioplankton on stressed coral reefs.",
"publicationTitle": "COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY",
"volume": "7",
"issue": "1",
"pages": "160",
"date": "FEB 13 2024",
"series": "",
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"journalAbbreviation": "Commun. Biol.",
"language": "English",
"DOI": "10.1038/s42003-023-05730-0",
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"extra": "Num Pages: 14\nPlace: Berlin\nPublisher: Nature Portfolio\nWeb of Science ID: WOS:001161255200003",
"tags": [
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"tag": "ASSEMBLAGES",
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{
"tag": "CARBON",
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{
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{
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{
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{
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"creatorSummary": "Pellegrini et al.",
"parsedDate": "2023-10",
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"itemType": "journalArticle",
"title": "Soil carbon storage capacity of drylands under altered fire regimes",
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{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Adam F. A.",
"lastName": "Pellegrini"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Peter B.",
"lastName": "Reich"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Sarah E.",
"lastName": "Hobbie"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Corli",
"lastName": "Coetsee"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Benjamin",
"lastName": "Wigley"
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{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Edmund",
"lastName": "February"
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{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Katerina",
"lastName": "Georgiou"
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{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Cesar",
"lastName": "Terrer"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "E. N. J.",
"lastName": "Brookshire"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Anders",
"lastName": "Ahlstrom"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Lars",
"lastName": "Nieradzik"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Stephen",
"lastName": "Sitch"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Joe R.",
"lastName": "Melton"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Matthew",
"lastName": "Forrest"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Fang",
"lastName": "Li"
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{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Stijn",
"lastName": "Hantson"
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{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Chantelle",
"lastName": "Burton"
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{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Chao",
"lastName": "Yue"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Philippe",
"lastName": "Ciais"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Robert B.",
"lastName": "Jackson"
}
],
"abstractNote": "The determinants of fire-driven changes in soil organic carbon (SOC) across broad environmental gradients remains unclear, especially in global drylands. Here we combined datasets and field sampling of fire-manipulation experiments to evaluate where and why fire changes SOC and compared our statistical model to simulations from ecosystem models. Drier ecosystems experienced larger relative changes in SOC than humid ecosystems-in some cases exceeding losses from plant biomass pools-primarily explained by high fire-driven declines in tree biomass inputs in dry ecosystems. Many ecosystem models underestimated the SOC changes in drier ecosystems. Upscaling our statistical model predicted that soils in savannah-grassland regions may have gained 0.64 PgC due to net-declines in burned area over the past approximately two decades. Consequently, ongoing declines in fire frequencies have probably created an extensive carbon sink in the soils of global drylands that may have been underestimated by ecosystem models. Fire impacts soil organic carbon stocks, in addition to aboveground biomass, yet changes are not well constrained. This study shows that more soil carbon is lost from drier ecosystems than humid ones and that the carbon sink is increasing in savannah-grassland regions with declining burned area.",
"publicationTitle": "NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE",
"volume": "13",
"issue": "10",
"pages": "",
"date": "OCT 2023",
"series": "",
"seriesTitle": "",
"seriesText": "",
"journalAbbreviation": "Nat. Clim. Chang.",
"language": "English",
"DOI": "10.1038/s41558-023-01800-7",
"ISSN": "1758-678X, 1758-6798",
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"accessDate": "2024-03-25T17:37:47Z",
"archive": "",
"archiveLocation": "",
"libraryCatalog": "Clarivate Analytics Web of Science",
"callNumber": "",
"rights": "",
"extra": "Num Pages: 25\nPlace: Berlin\nPublisher: Nature Portfolio\nWeb of Science ID: WOS:001157223900008",
"tags": [
{
"tag": "ECOSYSTEM CARBON",
"type": 1
},
{
"tag": "FREQUENT FIRE",
"type": 1
},
{
"tag": "NITROGEN",
"type": 1
},
{
"tag": "NUTRIENT-AVAILABILITY",
"type": 1
},
{
"tag": "OAK FOREST",
"type": 1
},
{
"tag": "ORGANIC-MATTER",
"type": 1
},
{
"tag": "PINE FOREST",
"type": 1
},
{
"tag": "SAVANNA",
"type": 1
},
{
"tag": "TEMPERATE SOILS",
"type": 1
},
{
"tag": "TREE COVER",
"type": 1
}
],
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"creatorSummary": "Mosier et al.",
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"itemType": "journalArticle",
"title": "Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) cultivars have similar impacts on soil carbon and nitrogen stocks and microbial function",
"creators": [
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Samantha",
"lastName": "Mosier"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Lauren",
"lastName": "Kelly"
},
{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "Ekrem",
"lastName": "Ozlu"
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{
"creatorType": "author",
"firstName": "G. Philip",
"lastName": "Robertson"
}
],
"abstractNote": "Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) production for biofuel has the potential to produce reasonable yields on lands not suited for conventional agriculture. We assessed nine switchgrass cultivars representing lowland and upland ecotypes grown for 11 years at a site in the upper Midwest USA for belowground differences in soil carbon and nitrogen stocks, soil organic matter fractions, and standing root biomass to 1 m depth. We also compared potential nitrogen mineralization and carbon substrate use through community-level physiological profiling in surface soils (0-10 cm depth). Average yields and standing root biomass differed among cultivars and between ecotypes, but we found no significant cultivar-related impacts on soil carbon and nitrogen stocks, on the distribution of particulate and mineral-associated soil organic matter fractions, nor on potential nitrogen mineralization or microbial community-level physiological profiles. That these traits did not differ among cultivars suggests that soil carbon and nitrogen gains under switchgrass are likely to be robust with respect to cultivar differences, and to this point not much affected by breeding efforts.",
"publicationTitle": "GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY BIOENERGY",
"volume": "16",
"issue": "3",
"pages": "e13125",
"date": "MAR 2024",
"series": "",
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"journalAbbreviation": "GCB Bioenergy",
"language": "English",
"DOI": "10.1111/gcbb.13125",
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"callNumber": "",
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"extra": "Num Pages: 10\nPlace: Hoboken\nPublisher: Wiley\nWeb of Science ID: WOS:001154791700001",
"tags": [
{
"tag": "ASSOCIATIONS",
"type": 1
},
{
"tag": "BENEATH SWITCHGRASS",
"type": 1
},
{
"tag": "BIOMASS",
"type": 1
},
{
"tag": "COMMUNITY COMPOSITION",
"type": 1
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{
"tag": "DECOMPOSITION",
"type": 1
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{
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{
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{
"tag": "LTER-KBS"
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{
"tag": "ORGANIC-MATTER",
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{
"tag": "bioenergy",
"type": 1
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{
"tag": "lowland switchgrass",
"type": 1
},
{
"tag": "microbial community profile",
"type": 1
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{
"tag": "mineral-associated organic matter",
"type": 1
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{
"tag": "particulate organic matter",
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{
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]