[ { "key": "XTUIN2JU", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 1888, "name": "Labels", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/labels", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/1888/items/XTUIN2JU", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/labels/items/XTUIN2JU", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 28970, "username": "jflemay", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jflemay", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Dawood Mamoon", "parsedDate": "2007", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "XTUIN2JU", "version": 1, "itemType": "document", "title": "GOOD INSTITUTIONS AND FAIR TRADE:\nA Road Map to Local and Global Social Harmony", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "", "lastName": "Dawood Mamoon" } ], "abstractNote": "The paper examines how legal, economic, political and social institutions fare\nwith different measures of inequality in a cross section framework. We\ndifferentiate between institutions based on four categories which are legal,\neconomic, political and social. Among legal institutions, rule of law and control\nfor corruption have a stronger impact on inequality than voice and\naccountability. We find that countries which practice democracy are less prone\nto unequal outcomes especially when it comes to wage inequality and income\ninequality whereas autocracy is associated with higher level of wage inequalities\nbut its impact on income inequalities are insignificant. Though under good\neconomic management, autocracies may redistribute incomes from the richest\nto the poorest, more generally an autocratic set up violates the median voter\nhypothesis. The results also show that political stability is more sensitive to\ninequalities than democracy and autocracy which is to say that the countries\nwhich are politically stable also form more equal societies. Though in a cross\nsection analysis, our results indicate average sample characteristics of countries\nchosen which neutralise the single country case sensitivities and thus may have\ncaptured the simple observational analogy that most democracies in the world\nare also the ones which are politically stable and economically efficient whereas\nmost autocracies, unless they are lead by enlightened leadership eventually\nsuffer from unstable or repressed political systems. Economic institutions also\nplay an important role in alleviating global inequalities. Whether the\ngovernment is functioning effectively and whether it has a robust fiscal and\nmonetary policy seems to have stronger impact on inequality than regulatory\nquality. Education for all, a proxy for social institutions, has a strong\nredistributive power. Overall, political stability, control for corruption and rule\nof law trumps any other institutional proxy in reducing inequalities in a\ncountry. On the other hand, middle income group is most likely to benefit\nfrom good functioning institutions than any other income group. Once\ncontrolling for institutions, openness is associated with increased wage\ninequalities across nations. However the results for trade policy are mixed.\nDecrease in import taxes increase wage inequality, whereas decrease in export\ntaxes has an egalitarian effect. The results are applicable only to a larger sample\nof developed and developing countries and highlight the bottle neck faced by\nboth developing and developed countries in WTO talks which have not been\nsuccessful as yet in further decrease in trade taxes. In case the situation\nprevails, the paper calls for more South-South trade which would enable\ndeveloping countries to decrease the relative wage gaps among labour force.", "type": "", "date": "2007", "publisher": "INS", "place": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "Anglais", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "0000", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2009-06-15T03:43:07Z", "dateModified": "2010-12-05T19:21:07Z" } }, { "key": "X459N5MS", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 1888, "name": "Labels", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/labels", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/1888/items/X459N5MS", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/labels/items/X459N5MS", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 28970, "username": "jflemay", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jflemay", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "MARA FRIDELL, IAN HUDSON, MARK HUDSON", "parsedDate": "2008", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "X459N5MS", "version": 1, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "With Friends Like These:\nThe Corporate Response\nto Fair Trade Coffee", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "", "lastName": "MARA FRIDELL, IAN HUDSON, MARK HUDSON" } ], "abstractNote": "Capitalist agriculture is highly exploitative of both producers and the environment. Fair trade is a\nmovement attempting to mitigate this exploitation, partly by baiting corporate actors into the arena of\n“ethical production.” In the coffee industry, major corporations are responding by discrediting fair trade\nand branding themselves as ethical. While falling well short of addressing the real demands of the movement,\nthe proliferation of “ethical” labels resulting from this response threatens to destroy fair trade’s\nown ethical brand.", "publicationTitle": "Review of Radical Political Economics,", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2008", "volume": "40", "issue": "1", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "8-34", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "0000", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2009-06-15T03:43:07Z", "dateModified": "2010-12-05T19:21:06Z" } }, { "key": "VBGU3HQN", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 1888, "name": "Labels", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/labels", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/1888/items/VBGU3HQN", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/labels/items/VBGU3HQN", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 28970, "username": "jflemay", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jflemay", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Eugénie Malandain, Claire Parmantier & Benoit-Joseph Pons", "parsedDate": "2008", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "VBGU3HQN", "version": 1, "itemType": "document", "title": "MEMENTO 2008 Etude comparée de différents systèmes de garantie", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "", "lastName": "Eugénie Malandain, Claire Parmantier & Benoit-Joseph Pons" } ], "abstractNote": "", "type": "", "date": "2008", "publisher": "PFCE", "place": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "0000", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2009-06-15T03:43:07Z", "dateModified": "2010-12-05T19:21:05Z" } }, { "key": "UCKT43P8", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 1888, "name": "Labels", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/labels", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/1888/items/UCKT43P8", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/labels/items/UCKT43P8", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 28970, "username": "jflemay", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jflemay", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Bacon", "parsedDate": "2005", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "UCKT43P8", "version": 1, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Confronting the Coffee Crisis: Can Fair\nTrade, Organic, and Specialty Coffees Reduce\nSmall-Scale Farmer Vulnerability in Northern\nNicaragua?", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Christopher", "lastName": "Bacon" } ], "abstractNote": "Summary. — This paper links changing global coffee markets to opportunities and vulnerabilities\nfor sustaining small-scale farmer livelihoods in northern Nicaragua. Changing governance structures,\ncorporate concentration, oversupply, interchangeable commodity grade beans, and low farm\ngate prices characterize the crisis in conventional coffee markets. In contrast, certified Fair Trade\nand organic are two alternative forms of specialty coffee trade and production that may offer\nopportunities for small-scale producers. A research team surveyed 228 farmers to measure the impact\nof sales on organic and Fair Trade markets. The results suggest that participation in organic\nand Fair Trade networks reduces farmers’ livelihood vulnerability.", "publicationTitle": "World Development", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2005", "volume": "33", "issue": "3", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "497–511", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "0000", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Central America" }, { "tag": "Fair Trade" }, { "tag": "Nicaragua" }, { "tag": "coffee" }, { "tag": "livelihood" }, { "tag": "vulnerability" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2009-06-15T03:43:07Z", "dateModified": "2010-12-05T19:21:04Z" } }, { "key": "QRGGFQ43", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 1888, "name": "Labels", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/labels", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/1888/items/QRGGFQ43", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/labels/items/QRGGFQ43", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 28970, "username": "jflemay", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jflemay", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Arnab, Nancy H. Chaubp, lrike Grotec", "parsedDate": "2004", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "QRGGFQ43", "version": 1, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "On export rivalry and the greening of\nagriculture-the role of ,eco-labels", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "", "lastName": "Arnab, Nancy H. Chaubp, lrike Grotec" } ], "abstractNote": "Why do some countries have eco-labelling programs and others do not? In this paper, we provide both theoretical arguments\nand empirical evidence suggesting that the answer to this question can shed new light on three questions that have taken centerstage\nin the trade and environment debate: (i) does trade exacerbate the exploitation of the environment; (ii) are countries\ncompeting in export markets engaged in a race to the bottom in environmental performance; and (iii) do market-based\nenvironmental instruments benefit the rich and hurt the poor?", "publicationTitle": "Agricultural Economics", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2004", "volume": "31", "issue": "", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "135-147", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "0000", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Eco-labelling in agriculture" }, { "tag": "Export rivalry" }, { "tag": "Strategic coinplcmentarity" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2009-06-15T03:43:07Z", "dateModified": "2010-12-05T19:21:03Z" } }, { "key": "Q3XIPZIG", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 1888, "name": "Labels", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/labels", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/1888/items/Q3XIPZIG", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/labels/items/Q3XIPZIG", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 28970, "username": "jflemay", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jflemay", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Philippe SCHIESSER", "parsedDate": "2004", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "Q3XIPZIG", "version": 1, "itemType": "document", "title": "Inventaire International de 62 labels -typologie. analyse et comparaioson des critères de 9 labels. Identrificationd de démarches d'entreprises et de tendances de consommation.", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "", "lastName": "Philippe SCHIESSER" } ], "abstractNote": "", "type": "", "date": "2004", "publisher": "ADEME", "place": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "0000", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2009-06-15T03:43:07Z", "dateModified": "2010-12-05T19:21:02Z" } }, { "key": "PAKWDTQE", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 1888, "name": "Labels", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/labels", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/1888/items/PAKWDTQE", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/labels/items/PAKWDTQE", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 28970, "username": "jflemay", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jflemay", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Garth Hickle", "parsedDate": "2007", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "PAKWDTQE", "version": 1, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Promoting Product\nStewardship with Ecolabels,\nCertification\nPrograms, and Product\nStandards", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "", "lastName": "Garth Hickle" } ], "abstractNote": "Product stewardship\ntraditionally has\nbeen associated\nwith policies calling\nfor manufacturers\nto take responsibility\nfor products at\nthe end of their useful\nlife. More recently,\nhowever, advocates have sought to develop\nnew tools, such as product certification\nand eco-labeling, that can provide market signals\nregarding the environmental characteristics of\nparticular products.\nThe market effect of eco-labels and product certifications\nwill, it is hoped, encourage manufacturers\nto design, manufacture, and market products\nwith diminished environmental impacts.\nAbout This Article\nThis article addresses the use of product standards\n(including eco-labels and product certification\nprograms) to supplement product stewardship.\nThe discussion focuses in particular on\nstandards that seek to identify and reduce the\noverall environmental impact of products.\nThe article begins\nwith some\nbackground on the\nconcept of producer\nresponsibility/\nproduct stewardship,\nincluding\nbrief discussions on\nproduct stewardship\nin the United States, integrated product policy\nin Europe, and the historical development of\nenvironmental marketing and eco-labeling.\nThe article next discusses the growth and recent\ndevelopment of product environmental\nstandards and certification, including programs\nsuch as the U.S. Green Building Council’s LEED\nrating system and the Electronic Product Environmental\nAssessment Tool (EPEAT).\nThe discussion then turns to consideration of\nsome issues and challenges involved in promoting\nproduct standards, the ways in which product\nstandards can complement and promote product", "publicationTitle": "Environmental Quality Management", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2007", "volume": "Spring", "issue": "", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "1-9", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "0000", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2009-06-15T03:43:07Z", "dateModified": "2010-12-05T19:21:01Z" } }, { "key": "MSRSB9U6", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 1888, "name": "Labels", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/labels", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/1888/items/MSRSB9U6", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/labels/items/MSRSB9U6", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 28970, "username": "jflemay", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jflemay", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Simon Zadek, Sanjiv Lingayah, and Maya Forstater", "parsedDate": "1998", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "MSRSB9U6", "version": 1, "itemType": "book", "title": "Les labels sociaux: des outils au\nservice du commerce éthique\nRapport final", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "", "lastName": "Simon Zadek, Sanjiv Lingayah, and Maya Forstater" } ], "abstractNote": "", "series": "Relations et mutations industrielles", "seriesNumber": "", "volume": "", "numberOfVolumes": "", "edition": "Commission européenne Direction générale \"Emploi, relations industrielles et affaires sociales", "date": "1998", "publisher": "", "place": "", "originalDate": "", "originalPublisher": "", "originalPlace": "", "format": "", "numPages": "", "ISBN": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "0000", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2009-06-15T03:43:07Z", "dateModified": "2010-12-05T19:21:00Z" } }, { "key": "JU99TJXN", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 1888, "name": "Labels", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/labels", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/1888/items/JU99TJXN", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/labels/items/JU99TJXN", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 28970, "username": "jflemay", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jflemay", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Michael E. Conroy", "parsedDate": "2001", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "JU99TJXN", "version": 1, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Can Advocacy-Led Certification\nSystems Transform Global\nCorporate Practices? Evidence\nand Some Theory", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "", "lastName": "Michael E. Conroy" } ], "abstractNote": "There is emerging evidence that globalization is beginning to provide new\nopportunities for global coalitions of advocacy groups to bring market-based pressures to\nbear upon major transnational firms in a way that promotes higher standards of social and\nenvironmental responsibility in production processes and trade relations. This can be seen\nas successful citizen-led attention to the “production and process methods” which the\nUruguay Round of trade negotiations explicitly chose to omit. More broadly it may\nreflect the increased importance of global branding, improved awareness in both\nconsumer and financial markets of the social and environmental practices of firms, and\ncollaboration on the part of producers to reduce their risk of brand-damaging attacks on\nthe social and environmental responsibility of their practices. The emergence and growth\nof the Forest Stewardship Council as the “gold standard” for sustainable forest\nmanagement, and the expensive attempts by the forest products industry to create\nindustry-driven substitute standards, may be the pivotal example of this phenomenon.\nThe further growth of certified Fair Trade practices under Transfair USA is another\nexample. Both cases provide important lessons as to the elements of present and future\nsuccess for this movement. They may also represent creative new solutions for problems\nof persistent poverty by using the leverage of markets in the global North to improve the\nability of workers, farmers, and other producers in the global South to build natural assets\nin ways that generate socially and environmentally sustainable livelihoods.", "publicationTitle": "Natural Assets Project", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2001", "volume": "WORKINGPAPER SERIES", "issue": "21", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "0000", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2009-06-15T03:43:07Z", "dateModified": "2010-12-05T19:20:59Z" } }, { "key": "IZIHG7BW", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 1888, "name": "Labels", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/labels", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/1888/items/IZIHG7BW", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/labels/items/IZIHG7BW", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 28970, "username": "jflemay", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jflemay", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Maria L. Loureiroa,*, Justus Lotade", "parsedDate": "2005", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "IZIHG7BW", "version": 1, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Do fair trade and eco-labels in coffee wake up\nthe consumer conscience?", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "", "lastName": "Maria L. Loureiroa,*, Justus Lotade" } ], "abstractNote": "In this study, a face-to-face survey was conducted in order to reveal consumer preferences for ethical and environmentally\nsound labeling programs in coffee. Valuation questions regarding the fair trade, shade grown, and organic coffee labels were\nasked using a payment card format, after consumers were previously informed about each of the labeling programs. Results\nsuggest that consumers are very receptive toward both fair trade and shade grown coffee labels, and consequently are willing to\npay higher premiums for these labeling", "publicationTitle": "Ecological Economics", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2005", "volume": "53", "issue": "", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "129–138", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "0000", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2009-06-15T03:43:07Z", "dateModified": "2010-12-05T19:20:58Z" } }, { "key": "IWK3DNEW", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 1888, "name": "Labels", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/labels", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/1888/items/IWK3DNEW", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/labels/items/IWK3DNEW", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 28970, "username": "jflemay", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jflemay", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Marie¨tte van Amstel*, Peter Driessen, Pieter Glasbergen", "parsedDate": "2008", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "IWK3DNEW", "version": 1, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Eco-labeling and information asymmetry: a comparison of five\neco-labels in the Netherlands", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "", "lastName": "Marie¨tte van Amstel*, Peter Driessen, Pieter Glasbergen" } ], "abstractNote": "Abstract\nEco-labels have become commonplace instruments of self-regulation. This paper analyzes five food labels with respect to the reliability of\ntheir information. A new method to analyze reliability is developed. For each label, four aspects are examined: (1) mention of biodiversity; (2)\nreference to rule of law to assure buyers’ confidence; (3) notification of farmers’ compliance; and (4) information on ecological impact. The\nanalysis reveals that eco-labels fail to communicate adequately; they do not diminish the information gap between seller and buyer. The\nmain shortcomings of the eco-labels were found in their ambiguity about environmental themes, their failure to assure the buyer about the product’s\necological impact, the insufficient information about producers’ compliance, and presence of recommendations.\n⬚ 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.", "publicationTitle": "Journal of Cleaner Production", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2008", "volume": "16", "issue": "", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "263-276", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "0000", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Consumer assurance" }, { "tag": "Eco-label" }, { "tag": "Environmental impact" }, { "tag": "Information asymmetry" }, { "tag": "Producer compliance" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2009-06-15T03:43:07Z", "dateModified": "2010-12-05T19:20:57Z" } }, { "key": "EU37PII7", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 1888, "name": "Labels", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/labels", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/1888/items/EU37PII7", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/labels/items/EU37PII7", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 28970, "username": "jflemay", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jflemay", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Karen Ellis and Jodie Keane", "parsedDate": "2008", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "EU37PII7", "version": 1, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "A review of ethical standards\nand labels: Is there a gap in\nthe market for a new ‘Good for\nDevelopment’ label?\nExecutive summary", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "", "lastName": "Karen Ellis and Jodie Keane" } ], "abstractNote": "", "publicationTitle": "Working Paper 297", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2008", "volume": "", "issue": "Results of ODI research presented in preliminary form for discussion and critical comment", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "Overseas Development Institute", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "0000", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2009-06-15T03:43:07Z", "dateModified": "2010-12-05T19:20:56Z" } }, { "key": "DJR7ZPJK", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 1888, "name": "Labels", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/labels", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/1888/items/DJR7ZPJK", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/labels/items/DJR7ZPJK", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 28970, "username": "jflemay", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jflemay", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Patrick De Pelsmacker, Wim Janssens, Ellen Sterckx and Caroline Mielants", "parsedDate": "2005", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "DJR7ZPJK", "version": 1, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Consumer preferences for the\nmarketing of ethically labelled\ncoffee", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "", "lastName": "Patrick De Pelsmacker, Wim Janssens, Ellen Sterckx and Caroline Mielants" } ], "abstractNote": "Purpose – This study aims to assesses the relative importance that Belgian consumers attach to\ndifferent characteristics and marketing practices of ethically labelled coffee, i.e. type of ethical issue,\nlabel issuer, amount of information provided, distribution and promotion strategy and branding.\nDesign/methodology/approach – Buying behaviour is studied by means of a web-based survey in\na sample of 750 Belgian consumers, using conjoint analysis.\nFindings – Consumers attach greatest importance to the distribution strategy of ethically labelled\ncoffee, followed by the type of ethical label, and the issuer of the label. Ethically labelled coffee should\nbe available in ordinary supermarkets and be presented along with non-ethical coffee brands. Fair\ntrade labelled coffee is by far the most preferred over eco- and bio-labels. European government labels,\nor labels issued by non-governmental organizations, are preferred over national (Belgian) government\nendorsed labels. Consumers prefer extra information on the package, in addition to a label. Out-of-shop\npromotion of the label and the type of brand are of minor importance. The results are similar across\ndifferent socio-demographic groups.\nPractical implications – Implications for governments, NGOs, and manufacturers and distributors\nof ethically labelled coffee (and possibly other ethical products) are offered.\nOriginality/value – The contribution of the study is that it measures the relative importance of\nfactors that have previously been identified as relevant in a realistic multi-attribute\npreference-formation framework.", "publicationTitle": "International Marketing Review", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2005", "volume": "22", "issue": "5", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "512-530", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "0000", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Belgium" }, { "tag": "Ethics" }, { "tag": "Measurement" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2009-06-15T03:43:07Z", "dateModified": "2010-12-05T19:20:55Z" } }, { "key": "87VNZJ8X", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 1888, "name": "Labels", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/labels", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/1888/items/87VNZJ8X", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/labels/items/87VNZJ8X", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 28970, "username": "jflemay", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jflemay", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Sharon Palmer", "parsedDate": "2008", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "87VNZJ8X", "version": 1, "itemType": "document", "title": "Are You Being Greenwashed? EN Evaluates Eco-Labels", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "", "lastName": "Sharon Palmer" } ], "abstractNote": "", "type": "", "date": "2008", "publisher": "ENVIRONMENTAL NUTRITION", "place": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "0000", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2009-06-15T03:43:07Z", "dateModified": "2010-12-05T19:20:54Z" } }, { "key": "4TXI3QPM", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 1888, "name": "Labels", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/labels", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/1888/items/4TXI3QPM", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/labels/items/4TXI3QPM", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 28970, "username": "jflemay", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jflemay", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Ibon Galarraga Gallastegui", "parsedDate": "2002", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "4TXI3QPM", "version": 1, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "THE USE OF ECO-LABELS: A\nREVIEW OF THE LITERATURE", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "", "lastName": "Ibon Galarraga Gallastegui" } ], "abstractNote": "Labelling programs seek first to encourage\na move towards more environmentally\nfriendly consumption patterns, and\nsecond to induce productive structures,\ngovernments and other agents to increase\nthe environmental standards of the\nproducts and services in the economy.\nThis paper is devoted to revising the\nrelevant literature on the issue. We divide\nthe topic into three areas: (i) the study of\ndemand, where most of the information\navailable on the demand for labelled\ngoods is presented; (ii) the study of\nsupply, devoted to the analysis and\nsummary of the information available in\nthe literature and finally (iii) the market\nand trade impacts of labelling\nprogrammes, where the research carried\nout so far is carefully presented. The paper\nreveals the lack of proper and conclusive\nresearch to date, as well as the complexity\nof the topic of research.", "publicationTitle": "European Environment", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2002", "volume": "12", "issue": "", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "316–331", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "0000", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2009-06-15T03:43:07Z", "dateModified": "2010-12-05T19:20:53Z" } }, { "key": "2MIBRSPB", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 1888, "name": "Labels", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/labels", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/1888/items/2MIBRSPB", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/labels/items/2MIBRSPB", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 28970, "username": "jflemay", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jflemay", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Peter E. Robertson", "parsedDate": "2007", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "2MIBRSPB", "version": 1, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Global Resources and Eco-labels:\na Neutrality Result", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "", "lastName": "Peter E. Robertson" } ], "abstractNote": "I evaluate the effectiveness of eco-labeling programs that are designed to mitigate transboundary environmental\nproblems. A simple two-country model is considered, where consumers in each country value a\ncommon environmental resource. It is shown that, in equilibrium, the level of damage is independent of\nwhether one or both countries have eco-labeling policies. Hence, the implementation of an existing\neco-labeling program by a second country may have no effect, or a very limited effect, on the stock of the\nenvironmental resource. The result highlights potential limitations of eco-labeling policies in this international\ncontext.", "publicationTitle": "Review of International Economics", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2007", "volume": "15", "issue": "4", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "735–743", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "0000", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2009-06-15T03:43:07Z", "dateModified": "2010-12-05T19:20:52Z" } } ]