[ { "key": "2EAZXKTS", "version": 494, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 174740, "name": "cooperative development", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/cooperative_development", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/174740/items/2EAZXKTS", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/cooperative_development/items/2EAZXKTS", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 167646, "username": "hojosparks", "name": "holly jo Sparks", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/hojosparks", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Gordon Nemhard et al.", "parsedDate": "2011", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "2EAZXKTS", "version": 494, "itemType": "magazineArticle", "title": "Worker Cooperative Development Models and Approaches: A Brief Overview.", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Jessica", "lastName": "Gordon Nemhard" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Jim", "lastName": "Johnson" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Len", "lastName": "Krimerman" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Ajowa", "lastName": "Nzinga Ifateyo" } ], "abstractNote": "", "publicationTitle": "Grassroots Economic Organizing Newsletter", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2011", "volume": "2", "issue": "8", "pages": "", "ISSN": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://geo.coop/node/627", "accessDate": "2103-08-13", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2013-08-13T21:58:25Z", "dateModified": "2013-08-13T22:01:08Z" } }, { "key": "9CG5QZE2", "version": 490, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 174740, "name": "cooperative development", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/cooperative_development", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/174740/items/9CG5QZE2", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/cooperative_development/items/9CG5QZE2", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1481906, "username": "JeffBessmer", "name": "Jeff Bessmer", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jeffbessmer", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": " Mountain West Credit Union Association", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "9CG5QZE2", "version": 490, "itemType": "webpage", "title": "The Business of Growing Credit Unions", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "name": " Mountain West Credit Union Association" } ], "abstractNote": "The Business of Growing Credit Unions\nTHE ISSUE\n\nDuring the last couple of years, I have had hundreds of conversations with credit union CEOs, executive leaders, and credit union staff across the country. In an effort to get to know them and to understand their circumstances, I ask one simple question; “how’s business”? The answers I get almost universally reflect the same compelling business needs over and over again at large credit unions, mid-size credit unions and small credit unions. Let me give you some real life examples from just a few of those conversations.\n\nFirst, Credit Union Branding in the local marketplace is lacking. Here are a few quotes from executives that may strike a chord:\n\n“Our prospective members don’t know what we do”.\n“We’re invisible”.\n“Right now, we lose as many members as we gain and we don’t have the bandwidth to change it”.\n\nSecond, Credit Unions are dealing with direct sales and sales Culture challenges. Let me give you some examples:\n\n“We use existing staff to help with cross selling and up selling but at the end of the day, it’s a real struggle to grow and stay ahead of the day to day challenges of running our credit union”.\n“I can’t manage the sales effort in my credit union since I am on multiple boards”. \n“My frustration is that my current staff does not think like I do”.\n“My credit union struggles to find the resource that can be a great teller but can also prospect and sell products and services into the current membership”.\n\nThird, Business Development is challenging at SEGs and targeted employers. Here are a few more comments from credit union executives:\n\n“We struggle to schedule visits to our SEGs with our teams”. \n“Because we are so busy staying ahead of the regulatory challenges, it’s difficult to find the time for our current staff to go visit a SEG”. \n“Current budgets are constrained and prevent us from hiring more staff”.\n\n\nBACKGROUND\n\nThe issues of branding, member growth, and loan volume remain critical for a majority of credit unions. Typically, all of the above challenges are managed and performed by extremely busy, overworked credit union staff that in many cases does not have adequate training or appropriate behavioral skill sets. Historically, credit unions have always been able to depend on membership for loan volume, however, the current and continuing economic cycle has changed membership buying habits and credit unions are being forced to consider new ways of driving branding and growth. The bad news is that this change is likely to continue for the next several years. Contributing to the unrelenting pressure within credit unions are many other issues including extreme regulatory pressures, increasing rates of non-affiliation across the country, an uptick in merger activity, consumer fear, lack of industry growth, and unity challenges. The cumulative effects are far reaching and impact CUSOs, Leagues/Association affiliation levels, credit union staffing levels, and even the financially strongest of our vendor partners. The end result is both a national and state market share that is contracting, not growing, in spite of the incredible opportunities to move market share from banks to credit unions. \n\nUntil credit unions drive a targeted effort at resolving these foundational challenges at the individual credit union level, large portions of the industry will remain at near zero growth rates. Subsequently, the issues many credit unions face today including at worst, the question of viability, will continue to push the industry in the wrong direction. Ultimately, the lack of industry growth will translate to the continuing loss of legislative battles and a dwindling strength in Government Affairs, both locally and at the national level.\n\nOur league services solutions are designed to address these issues. Our solutions can inject the much needed specific sales/sales culture, business development skills, and marketing expertise into a credit union to help drive planned and targeted metrics related to branding as well as individual growth for individual credit unions.\n\n\nWHY IS IT IMPORTANT?\n\nThe challenges credit unions face in the market place include:\n\nNo state or national growth\nIncreasing rates of credit union mergers\nIncreasing rates of credit unions choosing non-affiliation with Leagues/Associations\nZero or negative membership growth within many credit unions\nIncreases in state and federal regulatory pressures\nLack of sales culture in many credit unions\nForced staff transitions in credit unions, CUSOs, Associations/Leagues and Vendor Partners\nCUSO’s business models in support of credit unions have been diminished\nState Associations/Leagues have lost relevance with member credit unions\nLegislative losses are trending up\nFractured credit union system unity\nWhen credit unions are able to improve branding and increase sales, the business of credit union growth, as defined by each credit union, can occur. When credit union growth occurs, our business challenges will change and evolve away from issues of contraction to issues of expansion. \n\nIf your credit union is able to grow from a regulatory perspective, has the will to grow, and has the operational capacity to grow, call us at 720-479-3342 to schedule a discussion and find out how we can help your credit union or your group of credit unions position for the future.", "websiteTitle": "The Business of Growing Credit Unions", "websiteType": "", "date": "", "publisher": "", "place": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://mwcua.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=153:the-business-of-growing-credit-unions&catid=3:league-services&Itemid=154", "accessDate": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "credit union" }, { "tag": "development center" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2013-08-05T22:26:00Z", "dateModified": "2013-08-05T22:26:00Z" } }, { "key": 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"parentItem": "5U93FK5P", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "imported_file", "title": "geo0.jpg", "accessDate": "", "url": "", "note": "", "contentType": "image/jpeg", "charset": "", "filename": "geo0.jpg", "md5": "79e10ad3002051d366ec6c53a7c29dd0", "mtime": 1374902627993, "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2013-07-27T05:23:49Z", "dateModified": "2013-07-27T05:23:49Z" } }, { "key": "5U93FK5P", "version": 485, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 174740, "name": "cooperative development", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/cooperative_development", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/174740/items/5U93FK5P", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/cooperative_development/items/5U93FK5P", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1481906, "username": "JeffBessmer", "name": "Jeff Bessmer", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jeffbessmer", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Kelly", "parsedDate": "2013", "numChildren": 2 }, "data": { "key": "5U93FK5P", "version": 485, "itemType": "magazineArticle", "title": "From Crowd-Sourcing to Direct Investment:\nCo-op to Co-op Solutions to Grow Our Democratic Businesses", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Esteban", "lastName": "Kelly" } ], "abstractNote": "", "publicationTitle": "Grassroots Economic Organizing Newsletter", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2013", "volume": "2", "issue": "15", "pages": "", "ISSN": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.geo.coop/story/crowd-sourcing-direct-investment", "accessDate": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "\"created a campaign where folks could put up to $8,000 or 10,000 as a zero-interest \"loan\" which they could get back in a matter of a week or two as needed...it ultimately accounted for $325K total. That foundation of capital made it more attractive for institutional funders to lend us their money, since they saw evidence of community buy-in, and shared risk.\"", "tags": [ { "tag": "case study" }, { "tag": "grocery co-op" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2013-07-27T05:23:18Z", "dateModified": "2013-07-27T05:23:18Z" } }, { "key": "B256U8FT", "version": 480, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 174740, "name": "cooperative development", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/cooperative_development", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/174740/items/B256U8FT", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/cooperative_development/items/B256U8FT", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/174740/items/XXSCUX4X", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1481906, "username": "JeffBessmer", "name": "Jeff Bessmer", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jeffbessmer", "type": "text/html" } } } }, "data": { "key": "B256U8FT", "version": 480, "parentItem": "XXSCUX4X", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "imported_file", "title": "Steps to organize a purchasing cooperative for retailers.JPG", "accessDate": "", "url": "", "note": "", "contentType": "image/jpeg", "charset": "", "filename": "Steps to organize a purchasing cooperative for retailers.JPG", "md5": "2f1a6f134791349b5003c23ea62331a7", "mtime": 1374392197854, "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2013-07-21T07:36:47Z", "dateModified": "2013-07-21T07:36:47Z" } }, { "key": "3ET2FFNH", "version": 477, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 174740, "name": "cooperative development", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/cooperative_development", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/174740/items/3ET2FFNH", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/cooperative_development/items/3ET2FFNH", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/174740/items/XXSCUX4X", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1481906, "username": "JeffBessmer", "name": "Jeff Bessmer", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jeffbessmer", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "3ET2FFNH", "version": 477, "parentItem": "XXSCUX4X", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "imported_file", "title": "a guide for the development of purchasing cooperatives.pdf", "accessDate": "", "url": "", "note": "", "contentType": "application/pdf", "charset": "", "filename": "a guide for the development of purchasing cooperatives.pdf", "md5": "a05af0d6c05634faa90e6298c6a0000e", "mtime": 1374387865116, "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2013-07-21T06:24:37Z", "dateModified": "2013-07-21T06:24:37Z" } }, { "key": "XXSCUX4X", "version": 478, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 174740, "name": "cooperative development", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/cooperative_development", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/174740/items/XXSCUX4X", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/cooperative_development/items/XXSCUX4X", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1481906, "username": "JeffBessmer", "name": "Jeff Bessmer", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jeffbessmer", "type": "text/html" } } }, "parsedDate": "2009-04", "numChildren": 2 }, "data": { "key": "XXSCUX4X", "version": 478, "itemType": "report", "title": "A guide for the development of purchasing cooperatives", "creators": [], "abstractNote": "", "reportNumber": "64", "reportType": "Cooperative Information Report", "institution": "USDA Rural Development", "place": "", "date": "April 2009", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesNumber": "", "pages": "2-7", "DOI": "", "ISBN": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "\"Communities in some cases can connect many\nindividuals to organize purchasing through membership in churches or participation in schools. The Internet has become an important tool in the development of group purchasing\"(3)\n\n\"An industry association may actively carry out the organizational costs of a purchasing cooperative as an added benefit for its dues paying members. This type of support is similar to the coordination role played by chambers of commerce in organizing energy purchasing cooperatives for local businesses.\"(3)\n\n\"Purchasing cooperatives for independent retailers, whether they specialize in farm supplies, groceries, pharmacy, or hardware, often start out with a single product or a narrow selection of products. A steering committee should be formed that will be responsible for planning the products and brands to pursue in developing purchase agreements with suppliers.\"(3)\n\n\"With crucial data and information from potential members, the steering committee then oversees the development of a business plan, preferably using an outside, objective party to write it (perhaps the same third party that conducted the survey). The business plan provides background information on the proposed purchasing association, detailed aggregate data on the products to be included, a marketing plan for scoping out venders and manufacturers, operational limits and strategy, capital needs, and a capitalization strategy. If some sensitivity analysis/feasibility work is necessary for the project, then it could include that as well. The business plan is shared with and discussed among the prospective members, and a decision whether to proceed toward capitalization and incorporation is made.\"(4)", "tags": [ { "tag": "purchasing co-op" }, { "tag": "startup" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2013-07-21T06:23:32Z", "dateModified": "2013-07-21T06:23:32Z" } }, { "key": "ZC6C6XZX", "version": 473, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 174740, "name": "cooperative development", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/cooperative_development", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/174740/items/ZC6C6XZX", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/cooperative_development/items/ZC6C6XZX", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/174740/items/6MXG9XHK", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1481906, "username": "JeffBessmer", "name": 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"language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "\"Capital from owners usually has the lowest interest or dividend burden on the co-op, compared to bank or credit union loans.\"\n\n\"Owner loan and preferred share campaigns also benefit directly from increases in the number of owners, since it typically is challenging to get greater than 20 percent of a co-op’s ownership involved in those investments.\"\n\n\"For startups that have no financial history, owner loans have specified payback schedules and interest rates and may be easier to sell compared to preferred shares. Preferred shares may pay annual dividends but do not have payback schedules associated with them, so they can provide long-term financing for a co-op with payback at the discretion of the board, based on the co-op’s financial strength.\"\n\n\"Establishing a relationship between a food co-op and a credit union can yield numerous benefits beyond access to project capital. Lines of credit for operations, cross-sector collaborations, joint marketing, and access to credit union owner communications can be beneficial for food co-ops.\"", "tags": [ { "tag": "capital" }, { "tag": "grocery co-op" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2013-07-20T19:46:45Z", "dateModified": "2013-07-20T19:46:45Z" } }, { "key": "6MXG9XHK", "version": 482, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 174740, "name": "cooperative development", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/cooperative_development", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/174740/items/6MXG9XHK", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/cooperative_development/items/6MXG9XHK", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1481906, "username": "JeffBessmer", "name": "Jeff Bessmer", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jeffbessmer", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Rathbone", "parsedDate": "1995", "numChildren": 2 }, "data": { "key": "6MXG9XHK", "version": 482, "itemType": "report", "title": "Understanding cooperatives: Financing cooperatives (Cooperative Information \nReport 45, Section 7).", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Robert", "lastName": "Rathbone" } ], "abstractNote": "", "reportNumber": "", "reportType": "", "institution": "U.S. Department of Agriculture, Rural Business and Cooperative Development Service", "place": "Washington, DC", "date": "1995", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesNumber": "", "pages": "", "DOI": "", "ISBN": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "\"Equity capital is money the cooperative obtains from its members without assuming a legal obligation to pay it back at a stated time. This is the opposite of debt capital, which always has a due date. Equity capital is the “risk” capital in an organization. \"(1)\n\n\"Equity capital is categorized in two ways. It \nis either allocated or unallocated. Allocated \nequity is capital recorded on the cooperative’s books which is assigned –– or allocated –– on a proportional basis to each \nmember. Unallocated equity is capital not \nassigned or designated to specific member \naccounts.\nCooperatives obtain equity capital from members in three basic ways –– through direct investment, by retaining a portion of net income, or by retaining a portion of proceeds from the sale of members’ farm products as per–unit capital retains. Direct Investment of equity is usually obtained through purchase of common or preferred stock. Common stock is an important source of initial member investment and normally carries voting rights. Preferred stock is a second source of initial equity capital. \"(2)\n\n\"Other types of direct investment are membership fees, membership certificates, and capital certificates.\"(2)\n\n\"Retained Net Income represents proceeds from net earnings (net margins) retained in the business to provide equity capital\"(2)\n\n\"These refunds are accumulated until sufficient capital is available to finance facilities and operations.\"(2)\n\n\"Some cooperatives retain a portion of their income as unallocated reserves to serve as a cushion for allocated equity if there is an operating loss. Unallocated equity is usually paid to members only in cases where the cooperative is being dissolved.\"(2)\n\n\"Per–unit capital retains are used primarily by marketing cooperatives. They are obtained through deductions from sales proceeds. Deductions are calculated on a physical unit basis or as a percentage of sales value\"(2)\n\n\"Revolving fund financing is what the return of capital is called in a cooperative. The oldest equity capital is repaid first to ensure that current users provide the majority of needed equity financing. The cooperative’s board of directors is responsible for approving any return of member capital. Its fiduciary responsibility requires that the cooperative be adequately capitalized before any equity is paid or “redeemed” to members.\"(2)\n\n\"Short-term loans are obtained to finance day–to–day operating expenses. The lender expects that funds borrowed on a short–term loan will be repaid in less than a year. These funds supplement the cooperative’s own working capital\"(3)\n\n\"Long-term debt is obtained to finance the purchase of fixed assets such as property, plant, and equipment\"(3)\n\n\"Commercial banks are the traditional source for short–term loans. Banks and insurance companies are typical sources of long–term loans. Cooperatives have the added advantage of obtaining loan funds from specialized banks and other lending institutions established to serve only cooperatives\"(3)\n\n\"Some large cooperatives may also use the services of brokerage firms to obtain borrowed capital through private debt placement or the sale of commercial paper and other financing instruments.Leasing is another debt financing option available to cooperatives. This method allows a cooperative the use of an asset without tying up its own capital in the acquisition. In addition to leasing companies and commercial banks, cooperatives have access to companies and banks that provide leasing services to cooperatives. These include the Farm Credit Leasing Service orporation and the National Cooperative Bank\"(4)", "tags": [ { "tag": "capital" }, { "tag": "finance" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2013-07-19T22:48:19Z", "dateModified": "2013-07-19T22:48:19Z" } }, { "key": "EAKAA45M", "version": 435, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 174740, "name": "cooperative development", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/cooperative_development", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/174740/items/EAKAA45M", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/cooperative_development/items/EAKAA45M", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1481906, "username": "JeffBessmer", "name": "Jeff Bessmer", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jeffbessmer", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Bankston", "parsedDate": "2004", "numChildren": 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} }, { "key": "CC8WI9BM", "version": 416, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 174740, "name": "cooperative development", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/cooperative_development", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/174740/items/CC8WI9BM", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/cooperative_development/items/CC8WI9BM", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1481906, "username": "JeffBessmer", "name": "Jeff Bessmer", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jeffbessmer", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Macfarlane", "parsedDate": "1987", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "CC8WI9BM", "version": 416, "itemType": "report", "title": "Politics, race and co-operative development: A case study of Brent CDA (Co-operatives Research Case Study #7).", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Richard", 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"rights": "", "extra": "\"How has KIUC performed compared to expectations as a brand new cooperative financed with 100% debt?\" \"$215 million\" (1)", "tags": [ { "tag": "capital" }, { "tag": "utility co-ops" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2013-07-19T22:06:51Z", "dateModified": "2013-07-19T22:06:51Z" } }, { "key": "42DKDVXZ", "version": 410, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 174740, "name": "cooperative development", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/cooperative_development", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/174740/items/42DKDVXZ", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/cooperative_development/items/42DKDVXZ", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1481906, "username": "JeffBessmer", "name": "Jeff Bessmer", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jeffbessmer", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Barnes and Foley", "parsedDate": "2004", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "42DKDVXZ", "version": 410, "itemType": "report", "title": "Rural electrification in the developing world: A summary of lessons from successful programs.", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Douglas", "lastName": "Barnes" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Gerald", "lastName": "Foley" } ], "abstractNote": "", "reportNumber": "", "reportType": "", "institution": "Joint UNDP/World Bank Energy Sector Management Assistance Programme (ESMAP)", "place": "Washington, DC", "date": "2004", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesNumber": "", "pages": "", "DOI": "", "ISBN": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "international" }, { "tag": "new" }, { "tag": "review" }, { "tag": "utility co-ops" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2013-07-19T22:05:43Z", "dateModified": "2013-07-19T22:05:43Z" } }, { "key": "D8H7GVNN", "version": 386, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 174740, "name": "cooperative development", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/cooperative_development", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/174740/items/D8H7GVNN", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/cooperative_development/items/D8H7GVNN", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1481906, "username": "JeffBessmer", "name": "Jeff Bessmer", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jeffbessmer", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Cornforth", "parsedDate": "1987", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "D8H7GVNN", "version": 386, "itemType": "report", "title": "Creating successful co-operative businesses (2nd ed.).", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Chris", "lastName": "Cornforth" } ], "abstractNote": "", "reportNumber": "", "reportType": "", "institution": "Open University, Co-operatives Research Unit", "place": "Milton Keynes, UK", "date": "1987", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesNumber": "", "pages": "", "DOI": "", "ISBN": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "international" }, { "tag": "new" }, { "tag": "review" }, { "tag": "startup" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2013-07-19T21:56:59Z", "dateModified": "2013-07-19T21:56:59Z" } }, { "key": "53RA9PI6", "version": 388, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 174740, "name": "cooperative development", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/cooperative_development", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": 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