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We first describe how systems employ\npower-manageable components and how the use of dynamic reconfiguration\ncan impact the overall power consumption.We then\nanalyze DPM implementation issues in electronic systems, and we\nsurvey recent initiatives in standardizing the hardware/software\ninterface to enable software-controlled power management of\nhardware components.", "publicationTitle": "IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VERY LARGE SCALE INTEGRATION (VLSI) SYSTEMS", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2003", "volume": "VOL. 8", "issue": "", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2013-07-12T19:25:02Z", "dateModified": "2013-07-12T19:58:13Z" } }, { "key": "RAR2H29I", "version": 8, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 174283, "name": "Sistemas operativos avanzados", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sistemas_operativos_avanzados", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/174283/items/RAR2H29I", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sistemas_operativos_avanzados/items/RAR2H29I", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/174283/items/SGE3MITN", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1442856, "username": "xSebast", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/xsebast", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "RAR2H29I", "version": 8, "parentItem": "SGE3MITN", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "imported_file", "title": "Bus-Invert Coding for Low-Power IO.pdf", "accessDate": "", "url": "", "note": "", "contentType": "application/pdf", "charset": "", "filename": "Bus-Invert Coding for Low-Power IO.pdf", "md5": "63e438599a358967579b4b22863dafee", "mtime": 1373485264869, "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2013-07-10T19:44:48Z", "dateModified": "2013-07-10T19:44:48Z" } }, { "key": "SGE3MITN", "version": 6, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 174283, "name": "Sistemas operativos avanzados", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sistemas_operativos_avanzados", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/174283/items/SGE3MITN", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sistemas_operativos_avanzados/items/SGE3MITN", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1442856, "username": "xSebast", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/xsebast", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "M. 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"creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "name": "Eui-Young Chung" } ], "abstractNote": "", "thesisType": "", "university": "", "place": "", "date": "June 2002", "series": "", "seriesNumber": "", "numPages": "", "DOI": "", "ISBN": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2013-06-25T14:10:00Z", "dateModified": "2013-06-25T14:10:00Z" } }, { "key": "6PK2PMF5", "version": 2, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 174283, "name": "Sistemas operativos avanzados", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sistemas_operativos_avanzados", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/174283/items/6PK2PMF5", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sistemas_operativos_avanzados/items/6PK2PMF5", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1442856, "username": "xSebast", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/xsebast", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Tao Li and Lizy Kurian John", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "6PK2PMF5", "version": 2, "itemType": "document", "title": "Run-time Modeling and Estimation of Operating System Power Consumption", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "name": "Tao Li" }, { "creatorType": "author", "name": "Lizy Kurian John" } ], "abstractNote": "computing systems point to the need for power modeling and\nestimation for all components of a system. The Operating System\n(OS) constitutes a major software component and dissipates a\nsignificant portion of total power in many modern application\nexecutions. Therefore, modeling OS power is imperative for\naccurate software power evaluation, as well as power management\n(e.g. dynamic thermal control and equal energy scheduling) in the\nlight of OS-intensive workloads. This paper characterizes the\npower behavior of a commercial OS across a wide spectrum of\napplications to understand OS energy profiles and then proposes\nvarious models to cost-effectively estimate its run-time energy\ndissipation. The proposed models rely on a few simple parameters\nand have various degrees of complexity and accuracy.\nExperiments show that compared with cycle-accurate full-system\nsimulation, the model can predict cumulative OS energy to within\n1% accuracy for a set of benchmark programs evaluated on a\nhigh-end superscalar microprocessor. When applied to track runtime\nOS energy profiles, the proposed routine level OS power\nmodel offers superior accuracy than a simpler, flat OS power\nmodel, yielding per-routine estimation error of less than 6%. The\nmost striking observation is the strong correlation between power\nconsumption and the instructions per cycle (IPC) during OS\nroutine executions. Since tools and methodology to measure IPC\nexist on modern microprocessors, the proposed models can\nestimate OS power for run-time dynamic thermal and energy\nmanagement.", "type": "", "date": "", "publisher": "", "place": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2013-06-25T14:10:00Z", "dateModified": "2013-06-25T14:10:00Z" } }, { "key": "SNRT3XA6", "version": 2, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 174283, "name": "Sistemas operativos avanzados", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sistemas_operativos_avanzados", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/174283/items/SNRT3XA6", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sistemas_operativos_avanzados/items/SNRT3XA6", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/174283/items/BXKT4FAX", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1442856, "username": "xSebast", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/xsebast", "type": "text/html" } } } }, "data": { "key": "SNRT3XA6", "version": 2, "parentItem": "BXKT4FAX", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "linked_url", "title": "article.aspx?p=25451", "accessDate": "2013-06-09T16:59:23Z", "url": "http://www.informit.com/articles/article.aspx?p=25451", "note": "", "contentType": "", "charset": "", "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2013-06-25T14:10:00Z", "dateModified": "2013-06-25T14:10:00Z" } }, { "key": "BXKT4FAX", "version": 2, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 174283, "name": "Sistemas operativos avanzados", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sistemas_operativos_avanzados", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/174283/items/BXKT4FAX", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sistemas_operativos_avanzados/items/BXKT4FAX", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1442856, "username": "xSebast", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/xsebast", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Andrew S. Tanenbaum", "parsedDate": "2002", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "BXKT4FAX", "version": 2, "itemType": "webpage", "title": "Power Management in Operating Systems", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "name": "Andrew S. Tanenbaum" } ], "abstractNote": "The first general-purpose electronic computer, the ENIAC, had 18,000 vacuum tubes and consumed 140,000 watts of power. As a result, it ran up a nontrivial electricity bill. After the invention of the transistor, power usage dropped dramatically and the computer industry lost interest in power requirements. However, nowadays power management is back in the spotlight for several reasons, and the operating system is playing a role here.", "websiteTitle": "InformIT", "websiteType": "", "date": "2002", "publisher": "", "place": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2013-06-25T14:10:00Z", "dateModified": "2013-06-25T14:10:00Z" } }, { "key": "U5JGSUHI", "version": 2, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 174283, "name": "Sistemas operativos avanzados", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sistemas_operativos_avanzados", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/174283/items/U5JGSUHI", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sistemas_operativos_avanzados/items/U5JGSUHI", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1442856, "username": "xSebast", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/xsebast", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Wissam et al.", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "U5JGSUHI", "version": 2, "itemType": "document", "title": "Power Analysis and Optimization Techniques for Energy Efficient Computer Systems", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Chedid", "lastName": "Wissam" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Yu", "lastName": "Chansu" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Lee", "lastName": "Ben" } ], "abstractNote": "Reducing power consumption has become a major challenge in the design and operation of today’s\ncomputer systems. This chapter describes different techniques addressing this challenge at\ndifferent levels of system hardware, such as CPU, memory, and internal interconnection network,\nas well as at different levels of software components, such as compiler, operating system and user\napplications. These techniques can be broadly categorized into two types: Design time power\nanalysis versus run-time dynamic power management. Mechanisms in the first category use analytical\nenergy models that are integrated into existing simulators to measure the system’s power\nconsumption and thus help engineers to test power-conscious hardware and software during design\ntime. On the other hand, dynamic power management techniques are applied during runtime,\nand are used to monitor system workload and adapt the system’s behavior dynamically to\nsave energy.", "type": "", "date": "", "publisher": "", "place": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2013-06-25T14:10:00Z", "dateModified": "2013-06-25T14:10:00Z" } }, { "key": "2M3N6EQZ", "version": 2, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 174283, "name": "Sistemas operativos avanzados", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sistemas_operativos_avanzados", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/174283/items/2M3N6EQZ", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sistemas_operativos_avanzados/items/2M3N6EQZ", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1442856, "username": "xSebast", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/xsebast", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Yung-Hsiang Lu et al.", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "2M3N6EQZ", "version": 2, "itemType": "document", "title": "Operating-System Directed Power Reduction", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "name": "Yung-Hsiang Lu" }, { "creatorType": "author", "name": "Luca Benini" }, { "creatorType": "author", "name": "Giovanni De Micheli" } ], "abstractNote": "This paper presents a new approach for power reduction\nby taking a global, software-centric view. It analyzes the\nsources of power consumption: tasks that require services\nfrom hardware components. When a component is not used\nby any task, it can enter a sleeping state to save power.\nOperating systems have detailed information about tasks;\ntherefore, OS is the best place for power reduction. Our\ntechnique is effective in identifying hardware idleness and\nshutting down unused components. We implement this technique\nin Linux and show that it can save more than 50%\npower compared to traditional hardware-centric shutdown\ntechniques.", "type": "", "date": "", "publisher": "", "place": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2013-06-25T14:10:00Z", "dateModified": "2013-06-25T14:10:00Z" } }, { "key": "KQXZAIBN", "version": 2, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 174283, "name": "Sistemas operativos avanzados", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sistemas_operativos_avanzados", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/174283/items/KQXZAIBN", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sistemas_operativos_avanzados/items/KQXZAIBN", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1442856, "username": "xSebast", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/xsebast", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Jacob Rubin Lorch", "parsedDate": "2001", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "KQXZAIBN", "version": 2, "itemType": "document", "title": "Operating Systems Techniques for Reducing Processor Energy Consumption", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "name": "Jacob Rubin Lorch" } ], "abstractNote": "In the last decade, limiting computer energy consumption has become a pervasive\ngoal in computer design, largely due to growing use of portable and embedded computers with\nlimited battery capacities. This work concerns ways to reduce processor energy consumption,\nsince the processor consumes much of a computer’s energy. Our specific contributions are as\nfollows.\nFirst, we introduce our thesis that operating systems should have a significant role\nin processor energy management. The operating system knows what threads and applications\nare running, and can predict their future requirements based on their past usage and their\nuser interaction. We motivate using software to control energy management decisions by\ndescribing how software has traditionally been applied to this regime.\nNext, we describe operating system techniques for increasing processor sleep time.\nWe suggest never running blocked processes, and delaying processes that execute without\nproducing output or otherwise signaling useful activity. These techniques reduce CPU energy\nby 47–66%.\nNext, we address ways to dynamically change a processor’s speed and voltage. We\nsuggest considering what tasks the system is working on and their performance needs, then\nusing a speed schedule that just meets those needs. We show that the optimal schedule\nincreases speed as a task progresses according to a formula dependent on the probability\n1\ndistribution of task CPU requirement. Such a schedule can reduce CPU energy consumption\nby 20.6% on average, with no effect on performance.\nNext, we analyze real user workloads to evaluate ways to infer task information\nfrom observations of user interface events. We find that observable differences in such events\nhave significant effects on CPU usage. Using such information in estimating the probability\ndistribution of task CPU requirements can reduce energy consumption by a further 0.5–1.5%.\nFinally, we implement our methods. We deal with I/O wait time, overlap of multiple\nsimultaneous tasks, limited speed/voltage settings, limited timer granularity, and limited\nability to modify an operating system. The resulting task-based scheduler implements our\nenergy-saving methods with 1.2% background overhead. We find that our methods will be\nmore effective on future processors capable of a wider range of speeds than modern processors.", "type": "", "date": "2001", "publisher": "", "place": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2013-06-25T14:10:00Z", "dateModified": "2013-06-25T14:10:00Z" } }, { "key": "G9ZUFHI9", "version": 2, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 174283, "name": "Sistemas operativos avanzados", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sistemas_operativos_avanzados", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/174283/items/G9ZUFHI9", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sistemas_operativos_avanzados/items/G9ZUFHI9", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1442856, "username": "xSebast", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/xsebast", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Petter Larsson", "parsedDate": "2011-04", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "G9ZUFHI9", "version": 2, "itemType": "document", "title": "Energy-Efficient Software Guidelines", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "name": "Petter Larsson" } ], "abstractNote": "The purpose of this document is to provide energy efficient software guidelines extending the items\ndescribed in the “Energy‐Efficient Software Checklist” document. The guidelines are OS and architecture\nagnostic except where otherwise", "type": "", "date": "April 2011", "publisher": "", "place": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2013-06-25T14:10:00Z", "dateModified": "2013-06-25T14:10:00Z" } }, { "key": "4XTIM4K9", "version": 2, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 174283, "name": "Sistemas operativos avanzados", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sistemas_operativos_avanzados", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/174283/items/4XTIM4K9", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sistemas_operativos_avanzados/items/4XTIM4K9", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1442856, "username": "xSebast", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/xsebast", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Tarek A. AlEnawy and Hakan Aydin", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "4XTIM4K9", "version": 2, "itemType": "document", "title": "Energy-Constrained Performance Optimizations For Real-Time Operating Systems", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "name": "Tarek A. AlEnawy" }, { "creatorType": "author", "name": "Hakan Aydin" } ], "abstractNote": "In energy-constrained settings, most real-time operating\nsystems take the approach of minimizing the energy\nconsumption while meeting all the task deadlines.\nHowever, it is possible that the available energy budget is\nnot sufficient to meet all deadlines and some deadlines will\ninevitably have to be missed. In this paper, we present a\nframework through which the operating system can select\njobs for execution in order to achieve two alternative\nperformance objectives: 1) maximizing the number of\ndeadlines met , and 2) maximizing the total reward (utility)\nof jobs that meet their deadlines during the operation. We\npresent an optimal algorithm that achieves the first\nobjective. We prove that achieving the latter objective is\nNP-Hard and propose some fast heuristics for this problem.\nWe evaluate the performance of the heuristics through\nsimulation studies.", "type": "", "date": "", "publisher": "", "place": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "Computer Science Department\nGeorge Mason University\nFairfax, VA 22030", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2013-06-25T14:10:00Z", "dateModified": "2013-06-25T14:10:00Z" } }, { "key": "56E4SIWC", "version": 2, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 174283, "name": "Sistemas operativos avanzados", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sistemas_operativos_avanzados", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/174283/items/56E4SIWC", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sistemas_operativos_avanzados/items/56E4SIWC", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1442856, "username": "xSebast", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/xsebast", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Amit Sinha", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "56E4SIWC", "version": 2, "itemType": "document", "title": "Energy Efficient Operating Systems and Software", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "name": "Amit Sinha" } ], "abstractNote": "Energy efficient system design is becoming increasingly important with the proliferation\nof portable, battery-operated appliances such as laptops, Personal Digital Assistants\n(PDAs) and cellular phones. Numerous dedicated hardware approaches for energy minimization\nhave been proposed while software energy efficiency has been relatively unexplored.\nSince it is the software that drives the hardware, decisions taken during software\ndesign can have a significant impact on system energy consumption. This thesis explores\navenues for improving system energy efficiency from application level to the operating\nsystem level. The embedded operating system can have a significant impact on system\nenergy by performing dynamic power management both in the active and passive states of\nthe device. Software controlled active power management techniques using dynamic voltage\nand frequency scaling have been explored. Efficient workload prediction strategies\nhave been developed that enable just-in-time computation. An algorithm for efficient realtime\noperating system task scheduling has also been developed that minimizes energy\nconsumption. Portable systems spend a lot of time in sleep mode. Idle power management\nstrategies have been developed that consider the effect of leakage and duty-cycle on system\nlifetime. A hierarchical shutdown approach for systems characterized multiple sleep\nstates has been proposed. Although the proposed techniques are quite general, their applicability\nand utility have been demonstrated using the MIT μAMPS wireless sensor node\nan example system wherever possible. To quantify software energy consumption, an estimation\nframework has been developed based on experiments on the StrongARM and\nHitachi processors. The software energy profiling tool is available on-line. Finally, in\nenergy constrained systems, we would like to have the ability to trade-off quality of service\nfor extended battery life. A scalable approach to application development has been\ndemonstrated that allows energy quality trade-offs.", "type": "", "date": "", "publisher": "", "place": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2013-06-25T14:10:00Z", "dateModified": "2013-06-25T14:10:00Z" } }, { "key": "2BWUP675", "version": 2, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 174283, "name": "Sistemas operativos avanzados", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sistemas_operativos_avanzados", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/174283/items/2BWUP675", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sistemas_operativos_avanzados/items/2BWUP675", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1442856, "username": "xSebast", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/xsebast", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Ochoa et al.", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "2BWUP675", "version": 2, "itemType": "conferencePaper", "title": "Considerations on design optimization criteria for windows providing low energy consumption and high visual comfort", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Carlos E", "lastName": "Ochoa" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "B.C. Aries", "lastName": "Myriam" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Evert J.", "lastName": "van Loenen" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Jan L.M.", "lastName": "Hensen" } ], "abstractNote": "Apparent window size contradictions arise when optimizing simultaneously for low energy\n(small sizes) and visual comfort (large sizes). Diverse multi-objective optimization methods\nexist, but basic questions must be solved beforehand such as choosing appropriate evaluation\nmeasures. This work aims to determine the suitability of combined optimization criteria on\nwindow sizing procedures for low energy consumption with high visual comfort and\nperformance.\nThe paper showcases diverse measures available to valorise energy consumption and visual\naspects. A series of energy and visual criteria were selected, defining acceptance thresholds for\ndynamic evaluations. Whole-building computer simulations were performed on a standardized\noffice located in a temperate climate. Discrete window-to-wall ratio variations were studied to\ndemonstrate how these criteria affect the solution space.\nResults were classified using a graphical optimization method, obtaining a solution space\nsatisfying both energy and visual requirements. Most project expectations can be met within the\nrange of sizes. However, unprotected windows barely meet acceptance criteria, needing\nadditional control devices. Applying various related criteria with adequate values increases the\ndiversity of acceptable solutions but too many limits it. Clear objectives and acceptance ranges\nhave to be conceptualized in order to translate them into decisions. This becomes important\nwhen involving team design.", "proceedingsTitle": "", "conferenceName": "", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "", "eventPlace": "", "volume": "95", "issue": "", "numberOfVolumes": "", "pages": "238-245", "series": "", "seriesNumber": "", "DOI": "", "ISBN": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2012.02.042", "accessDate": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "Department of the Built Environment, Eindhoven University of Technology\nP.O. Box 513, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, the Netherlands", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2013-06-25T14:10:00Z", "dateModified": "2013-06-25T14:10:00Z" } } ]