[ { "key": "AAVERXQF", "version": 4828, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 16170, "name": "galacticus", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/galacticus", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/16170/items/AAVERXQF", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/galacticus/items/AAVERXQF", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/16170/items/25W9859Q", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 172233, "username": "abensonca", "name": "Andrew Benson", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/abensonca", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "AAVERXQF", "version": 4828, "parentItem": "25W9859Q", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "imported_url", "title": "Full Text PDF", "accessDate": "2026-04-15T23:53:08Z", "url": "https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/link_gateway/2015MNRAS.451.4375F/ARTICLE", "note": "", "contentType": "application/pdf", "charset": "", "filename": "Fabian et al. - 2015 - Properties of AGN coronae in the NuSTAR era.pdf", "md5": "8530d382d0da2f1ba5368d73c3933ee6", "mtime": 1776297188078, "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2026-04-15T23:53:08Z", "dateModified": "2026-04-15T23:53:08Z" } }, { "key": "25W9859Q", "version": 4826, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 16170, "name": "galacticus", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/galacticus", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/16170/items/25W9859Q", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/galacticus/items/25W9859Q", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 172233, "username": "abensonca", "name": "Andrew Benson", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/abensonca", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Fabian et al.", "parsedDate": "2015-08-01", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "25W9859Q", "version": 4826, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Properties of AGN coronae in the NuSTAR era", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "A. C.", "lastName": "Fabian" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "A.", "lastName": "Lohfink" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "E.", "lastName": "Kara" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "M. L.", "lastName": "Parker" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "R.", "lastName": "Vasudevan" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "C. S.", "lastName": "Reynolds" } ], "abstractNote": "The focusing optics of NuSTAR have enabled high signal-to-noise ratio spectra to be obtained from many X-ray bright active galactic nuclei (AGN) and galactic black hole binaries (BHB). Spectral modelling then allows robust characterization of the spectral index and upper energy cutoff of the coronal power-law continuum, after accounting for reflection and absorption effects. Spectral-timing studies, such as reverberation and broad iron line fitting, of these sources yield coronal sizes, often showing them to be small and in the range of 3 to 10 gravitational radii in size. Our results indicate that coronae are hot and radiatively compact, lying close to the boundary of the region in the compactness-temperature (Θ - ℓ) diagram which is forbidden due to runaway pair production. The coincidence suggests that pair production and annihilation are essential ingredients in the coronae of AGN and BHB and that they control the shape of the observed spectra.", "publicationTitle": "Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society", "publisher": "OUP", "place": "", "date": "2015-08-01", "volume": "451", "issue": "", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "4375-4383", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "10.1093/mnras/stv1218", "citationKey": "", "url": "https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2015MNRAS.451.4375F", "accessDate": "2026-04-15T23:53:03Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0035-8711", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "NASA ADS", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "ADS Bibcode: 2015MNRAS.451.4375F", "tags": [ { "tag": "Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "X-rays: binaries", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "X-rays: galaxies", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "accretion", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "accretion discs", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "black hole physics", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2026-04-15T23:53:03Z", "dateModified": "2026-04-15T23:53:03Z" } }, { "key": "DCG779IM", "version": 4824, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 16170, "name": "galacticus", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/galacticus", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/16170/items/DCG779IM", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/galacticus/items/DCG779IM", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/16170/items/EJ5PA6E2", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 172233, "username": "abensonca", "name": "Andrew Benson", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/abensonca", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "DCG779IM", "version": 4824, "parentItem": "EJ5PA6E2", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "imported_url", "title": "Full Text PDF", "accessDate": "2026-04-15T23:46:59Z", "url": "https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/link_gateway/2018A&A...614A..37T/ARTICLE", "note": "", "contentType": "application/pdf", "charset": "", "filename": "Tortosa et al. - 2018 - A NuSTAR census of coronal parameters in Seyfert galaxies.pdf", "md5": "a12a7dda6429f13ee7c794d74c50f9f2", "mtime": 1776296819252, "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2026-04-15T23:46:59Z", "dateModified": "2026-04-15T23:46:59Z" } }, { "key": "EJ5PA6E2", "version": 4822, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 16170, "name": "galacticus", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/galacticus", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/16170/items/EJ5PA6E2", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/galacticus/items/EJ5PA6E2", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 172233, "username": "abensonca", "name": "Andrew Benson", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/abensonca", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Tortosa et al.", "parsedDate": "2018-06-01", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "EJ5PA6E2", "version": 4822, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "A NuSTAR census of coronal parameters in Seyfert galaxies", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "A.", "lastName": "Tortosa" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "S.", "lastName": "Bianchi" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "A.", "lastName": "Marinucci" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "G.", "lastName": "Matt" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "P. O.", "lastName": "Petrucci" } ], "abstractNote": "Context. We discuss the results of the hot corona parameters of active galactic nuclei (AGN) that have been recently measured with NuSTAR. The values taken from the literature of a sample of 19 bright Seyfert galaxies are analysed. Aims: The aim of this work is to look for correlations between coronal parameters, such as the photon index and cut-off energy (when a phenomenological model is adopted) or the optical depth and temperature (when a Comptonization model is used), and other parameters of the systems, such as the black hole mass or the Eddington ratio. Methods: We analysed the coronal parameters of the 19 unobscured, bright Seyfert galaxies that are present in the Swift/BAT 70-month catalogue and that have been observed by NuSTAR, alone or simultaneously with others X-ray observatories, such as Swift, Suzaku, or XMM-Newton. Results: We found an anti-correlation with a significance level >98% between the coronal optical depth and the coronal temperature of our sample. On the other hand, no correlation between the above parameters and the black hole mass, the accretion rate, and the intrinsic spectral slope of the sources is found.", "publicationTitle": "Astronomy and Astrophysics", "publisher": "EDP", "place": "", "date": "2018-06-01", "volume": "614", "issue": "", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "A37", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "10.1051/0004-6361/201732382", "citationKey": "", "url": "https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2018A&A...614A..37T", "accessDate": "2026-04-15T23:46:57Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0004-6361", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "NASA ADS", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "ADS Bibcode: 2018A&A...614A..37T", "tags": [ { "tag": "Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "X-rays: galaxies", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "black hole physics", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "galaxies: Seyfert", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "galaxies: active", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2026-04-15T23:46:57Z", "dateModified": "2026-04-15T23:46:57Z" } }, { "key": "96KCFATA", "version": 4820, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 16170, "name": "galacticus", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/galacticus", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/16170/items/96KCFATA", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/galacticus/items/96KCFATA", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/16170/items/QL9F2CVT", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 172233, "username": "abensonca", "name": "Andrew Benson", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/abensonca", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "96KCFATA", "version": 4820, "parentItem": "QL9F2CVT", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "imported_url", "title": "Full Text PDF", "accessDate": "2026-04-15T23:42:25Z", "url": "https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/link_gateway/2018A&A...611A..59P/ARTICLE", "note": "", "contentType": "application/pdf", "charset": "", "filename": "Petrucci et al. - 2018 - Testing warm Comptonization models for the origin of the soft X-ray excess in AGNs.pdf", "md5": "73ce5184c303092c347efbac16e9e456", "mtime": 1776296545759, "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2026-04-15T23:42:25Z", "dateModified": "2026-04-15T23:42:25Z" } }, { "key": "QL9F2CVT", "version": 4818, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 16170, "name": "galacticus", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/galacticus", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/16170/items/QL9F2CVT", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/galacticus/items/QL9F2CVT", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 172233, "username": "abensonca", "name": "Andrew Benson", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/abensonca", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Petrucci et al.", "parsedDate": "2018-03-01", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "QL9F2CVT", "version": 4818, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Testing warm Comptonization models for the origin of the soft X-ray excess in AGNs", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "P.-O.", "lastName": "Petrucci" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "F.", "lastName": "Ursini" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "A.", "lastName": "De Rosa" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "S.", "lastName": "Bianchi" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "M.", "lastName": "Cappi" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "G.", "lastName": "Matt" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "M.", "lastName": "Dadina" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "J.", "lastName": "Malzac" } ], "abstractNote": "The X-ray spectra of many active galactic nuclei (AGNs) show a soft X-ray excess below 1-2 keV on top of the extrapolated high-energy power law. The origin of this component is uncertain. It could be a signature of relativistically blurred, ionized reflection or the high-energy tail of thermal Comptonization in a warm (kT 1 keV), optically thick (τ ≃ 10-20) corona producing the optical/UV to soft X-ray emission. The purpose of the present paper is to test the warm corona model on a statistically significant sample of unabsorbed, radio-quiet AGNs with XMM-Newton archival data, providing simultaneous optical/UV and X-ray coverage. The sample has 22 objects and 100 observations. We use two thermal Comptonization components to fit the broadband spectra, one for the warm corona emission and one for the high-energy continuum. In the optical/UV, we also include the reddening, the small blue bump, and the Galactic extinction. In the X-rays, we include a warm absorber and a neutral reflection. The model gives a good fit (reduced χ2 < 1.5) to more than 90% of the sample. We find the temperature of the warm corona to be uniformly distributed in the 0.1-1 keV range, while the optical depth is in the range 10-40. These values are consistent with a warm corona covering a large fraction of a quasi-passive accretion disk, i.e., that mostly reprocesses the warm corona emission. The disk intrinsic emission represents no more than 20% of the disk total emission. According to this interpretation, most of the accretion power would be released in the upper layers of the accretion flow.", "publicationTitle": "Astronomy and Astrophysics", "publisher": "EDP", "place": "", "date": "2018-03-01", "volume": "611", "issue": "", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "A59", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "10.1051/0004-6361/201731580", "citationKey": "", "url": "https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2018A&A...611A..59P", "accessDate": "2026-04-15T23:42:23Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0004-6361", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "NASA ADS", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "ADS Bibcode: 2018A&A...611A..59P", "tags": [ { "tag": "Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "X-rays: galaxies", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "galaxies: Seyfert", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "galaxies: active", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2026-04-15T23:42:23Z", "dateModified": "2026-04-15T23:42:23Z" } }, { "key": "AAGM9WN7", "version": 4816, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 16170, "name": "galacticus", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/galacticus", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/16170/items/AAGM9WN7", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/galacticus/items/AAGM9WN7", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/16170/items/H5THKF3J", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 172233, "username": "abensonca", "name": "Andrew Benson", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/abensonca", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "AAGM9WN7", "version": 4816, "parentItem": "H5THKF3J", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "imported_url", "title": "Full Text PDF", "accessDate": "2026-04-15T15:59:46Z", "url": "https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/link_gateway/2012MNRAS.420.1848D/ARTICLE", "note": "", "contentType": "application/pdf", "charset": "", "filename": "Done et al. - 2012 - Intrinsic disc emission and the soft X-ray excess in active galactic nuclei.pdf", "md5": "4392ea5027388286d0f41fb5efb698ee", "mtime": 1776268786704, "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2026-04-15T15:59:46Z", "dateModified": "2026-04-15T15:59:46Z" } }, { "key": "H5THKF3J", "version": 4813, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 16170, "name": "galacticus", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/galacticus", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/16170/items/H5THKF3J", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/galacticus/items/H5THKF3J", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 172233, "username": "abensonca", "name": "Andrew Benson", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/abensonca", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Done et al.", "parsedDate": "2012-03-01", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "H5THKF3J", "version": 4813, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Intrinsic disc emission and the soft X-ray excess in active galactic nuclei", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Chris", "lastName": "Done" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "S. W.", "lastName": "Davis" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "C.", "lastName": "Jin" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "O.", "lastName": "Blaes" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "M.", "lastName": "Ward" } ], "abstractNote": "Narrow-line Seyfert 1 (NLS1) galaxies have low-mass black holes and mass accretion rates close to (or exceeding) Eddington, so a standard blackbody accretion disc should peak in the extreme ultraviolet. However, the lack of true absorption opacity in the disc means that the emission is better approximated by a colour temperature corrected blackbody, and this colour temperature correction is large enough (∼2.4) that the bare disc emission from a zero spin black hole can extend into the soft X-ray bandpass. Part of the soft X-ray excess seen in these objects must be intrinsic emission from the disc unless the vertical structure is very different to that predicted. None the less, this is not the whole story even for the extreme NLS1 as the shape of the soft excess is much broader than predicted by a bare disc spectrum, indicating some Compton upscattering by warm, optically thick material. We associate this with the disc itself, so it must ultimately be powered by mass accretion. We build an energetically self-consistent model assuming that the emission thermalizes to a (colour temperature corrected) blackbody only at large radii. At smaller radii the gravitational energy is split between powering optically thick Comptonized disc emission (forming the soft X-ray excess) and an optically thin corona above the disc (forming the tail to higher energies). We show examples of this model fit to the extreme NLS1 RE J1034+396, and to the much lower Eddington fraction broad-line Seyfert 1 PG 1048+231. We use these to guide our fits and interpretations of three template spectra made from co-adding multiple sources to track out a sequence of active galactic nucleus (AGN) spectra as a function of L/LEdd. Both the individual objects and template spectra show the surprising result that the Compton upscattered soft X-ray excess decreases in importance with increasing L/LEdd. The strongest soft excesses are associated with low mass accretion rate AGN rather than being tied to some change in disc structure around Eddington. We argue that this suggests a true break in accretion flow properties between stellar and supermassive black holes. The new model is publicly available within the XSPEC spectral fitting package.", "publicationTitle": "Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society", "publisher": "OUP", "place": "", "date": "2012-03-01", "volume": "420", "issue": "", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "1848-1860", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "10.1111/j.1365-2966.2011.19779.x", "citationKey": "", "url": "https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2012MNRAS.420.1848D", "accessDate": "2026-04-15T15:59:42Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0035-8711", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "NASA ADS", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "ADS Bibcode: 2012MNRAS.420.1848D", "tags": [ { "tag": "Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "accretion", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "accretion discs", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "black hole physics", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "galaxies: active", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2026-04-15T15:59:42Z", "dateModified": "2026-04-15T15:59:42Z" } }, { "key": "JU4MZDXA", "version": 4812, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 16170, "name": "galacticus", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/galacticus", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/16170/items/JU4MZDXA", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/galacticus/items/JU4MZDXA", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 172233, "username": "abensonca", "name": "Andrew Benson", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/abensonca", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Poulton et al.", "parsedDate": "2021", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "JU4MZDXA", "version": 4812, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Extracting galaxy merger time-scales II: a new fitting formula", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "R. J. J.", "lastName": "Poulton" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "C.", "lastName": "Power" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "A. S. G.", "lastName": "Robotham" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "P. J.", "lastName": "Elahi" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "C. D. P.", "lastName": "Lagos" } ], "abstractNote": "Predicting the merger time-scale (τmerge) of merging dark matter haloes, based on their orbital parameters and the structural properties of their hosts, is a fundamental problem in gravitational dynamics that has important consequences for our understanding of cosmological structure formation and galaxy formation. Previous models predicting τmerge have shown varying degrees of success when compared to the results of cosmological N-body simulations. We build on this previous work and propose a new model for τmerge that draws on insights derived from these simulations. We find that published predictions can provide reasonable estimates for τmerge based on orbital properties at infall, but tend to underpredict τmerge inside the host virial radius (R200) because tidal stripping is neglected, and overpredict it outside R200 because the host mass is underestimated. Furthermore, we find that models that account for orbital angular momentum via the circular radius Rcirc underpredict (overpredict) τmerge for bound (unbound) systems. By fitting for the dependence of τmerge on various orbital and host halo properties, we derive an improved model for τmerge that can be applied to a merging halo at any point in its orbit. Finally, we discuss briefly the implications of our new model for τmerge for semi-analytical galaxy formation modelling.", "publicationTitle": "Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "02/2021", "volume": "501", "issue": "2", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "2810-2820", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "10.1093/mnras/staa3247", "citationKey": "", "url": "https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2021MNRAS.501.2810P/abstract", "accessDate": "2026-03-30T22:47:18Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0035-8711", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Extracting galaxy merger time-scales II", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "ui.adsabs.harvard.edu", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2026-03-30T22:47:21Z", "dateModified": "2026-03-30T22:47:21Z" } }, { "key": "QMINFYRA", "version": 4810, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 16170, "name": "galacticus", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/galacticus", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/16170/items/QMINFYRA", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/galacticus/items/QMINFYRA", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/16170/items/R3FT7DM2", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 172233, "username": "abensonca", "name": "Andrew Benson", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/abensonca", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "QMINFYRA", "version": 4810, "parentItem": "R3FT7DM2", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "imported_url", "title": "Full Text PDF", "accessDate": "2026-03-25T15:39:58Z", "url": "https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/link_gateway/2026MNRAS.tmp..481J/ARTICLE", "note": "", "contentType": "application/pdf", "charset": "", "filename": "Jessop et al. - 2026 - Ripples in the baryon to dark matter ratio in ΛCDM implications for galaxy formation.pdf", "md5": "644d689532f82a33247c3289fcb27350", "mtime": 1774453198983, "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2026-03-25T15:39:58Z", "dateModified": "2026-03-25T15:39:58Z" } }, { "key": "R3FT7DM2", "version": 4808, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 16170, "name": "galacticus", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/galacticus", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/16170/items/R3FT7DM2", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/galacticus/items/R3FT7DM2", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 172233, "username": "abensonca", "name": "Andrew Benson", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/abensonca", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Jessop et al.", "parsedDate": "2026-03-01", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "R3FT7DM2", "version": 4808, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Ripples in the baryon to dark matter ratio in ΛCDM: implications for galaxy formation", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Owen", "lastName": "Jessop" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Adrian", "lastName": "Jenkins" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Andrew", "lastName": "Pontzen" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Joop", "lastName": "Schaye" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Matthieu", "lastName": "Schaller" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "John C.", "lastName": "Helly" } ], "abstractNote": "We use the FLAMINGO galaxy formation model to quantify the impact of baryon-CDM isocurvature perturbations on galaxy formation in ΛCDM. In linear theory, these perturbations represent local, compensated variations in the ratio between the baryon and CDM densities; they freeze in amplitude at late times, with an RMS amplitude of 1.5% on the Lagrangian scale of a halo (). Although such perturbations arise naturally within ΛCDM, most cosmological simulations and semi-analytic models to date omit them. These perturbations are strongly anti-correlated with the matter overdensity field such that halos form with baryon fractions below the cosmic mean, with earlier-collapsing halos exhibiting stronger baryonic suppression. To isolate the galaxy response, we analyse three hydrodynamical simulations with identical initial matter overdensity fields that: i) include isocurvature modes, ii) omit them, or iii) invert their amplitude. At z = 8, isocurvature perturbations reduce the mean baryon fraction and star formation rates of resolved halos by 5% and 12%, respectively, relative to the null-isocurvature case. These effects show no systematic dependence on halo mass and diminish steadily with time, reaching 0.1% and 1% by z = 0. We develop a model based on spherical collapse that accurately reproduces the mean baryon fraction suppression. As high-redshift observations become increasingly routine, incorporating isocurvature perturbations into simulations and semi-analytic models will be important for robust predictions of early galaxy and black hole formation in the JWST era.", "publicationTitle": "Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society", "publisher": "OUP", "place": "", "date": "2026-03-01", "volume": "", "issue": "", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "10.1093/mnras/stag519", "citationKey": "", "url": "https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2026MNRAS.tmp..481J", "accessDate": "2026-03-25T15:39:56Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0035-8711", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Ripples in the baryon to dark matter ratio in ΛCDM", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "NASA ADS", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "ADS Bibcode: 2026MNRAS.tmp..481J", "tags": [ { "tag": "Astrophysics of Galaxies", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2026-03-25T15:39:56Z", "dateModified": "2026-03-25T15:39:56Z" } }, { "key": "T59XRFFT", "version": 4807, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 16170, "name": "galacticus", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/galacticus", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/16170/items/T59XRFFT", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/galacticus/items/T59XRFFT", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 172233, "username": "abensonca", "name": "Andrew Benson", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/abensonca", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Yang et al.", "parsedDate": "2024-02-01", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "T59XRFFT", "version": 4807, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "A parametric model for self-interacting dark matter halos", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Daneng", "lastName": "Yang" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Ethan O.", "lastName": "Nadler" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Hai-Bo", "lastName": "Yu" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Yi-Ming", "lastName": "Zhong" } ], "abstractNote": "We propose a parametric model for studying self-interacting dark matter (SIDM) halos. The model uses an analytical density profile, calibrated using a controlled N-body SIDM simulation that covers the entire gravothermal evolution, including core-forming and -collapsing phases. By normalizing the calibrated density profile, we obtain a universal description for SIDM halos at any evolution phase. The model allows us to infer properties of SIDM halos based on their cold dark matter (CDM) counterparts. As a basic application, we only require two characteristic parameters of an isolated CDM halo at z = 0. We then extend the model to incorporate effects induced by halo mass changes, such as major mergers or tidal stripping, making it applicable to both isolated halos and subhalos. The parametric model is tested and validated using cosmological zoom-in SIDM simulations available in the literature.", "publicationTitle": "Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics", "publisher": "IOP", "place": "", "date": "2024-02-01", "volume": "2024", "issue": "", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "032", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "10.1088/1475-7516/2024/02/032", "citationKey": "", "url": "https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2024JCAP...02..032Y", "accessDate": "2026-02-26T15:34:32Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "1475-7516", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "NASA ADS", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "ADS Bibcode: 2024JCAP...02..032Y", "tags": [ { "tag": "Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "High Energy Physics - Phenomenology", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "dark matter simulations", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "dark matter theory", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "rotation curves of galaxies", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2026-02-26T15:34:32Z", "dateModified": "2026-02-26T15:34:32Z" } }, { "key": "TN63Y29H", "version": 4802, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 16170, "name": "galacticus", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/galacticus", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/16170/items/TN63Y29H", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/galacticus/items/TN63Y29H", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/16170/items/YBUVS6VX", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 172233, "username": "abensonca", "name": "Andrew Benson", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/abensonca", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "TN63Y29H", "version": 4802, "parentItem": "YBUVS6VX", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "imported_url", "title": "Full Text PDF", "accessDate": "2025-11-20T16:34:23Z", "url": "https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/link_gateway/2023MNRAS.520.3443M/ARTICLE", "note": "", "contentType": "application/pdf", "charset": "", "filename": "Moran et al. - 2023 - The Mira-Titan Universe - IV. High-precision power spectrum emulation.pdf", "md5": "d92b16c47c756d54e29c5b804058e64c", "mtime": 1763656463378, "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2025-11-20T16:34:23Z", "dateModified": "2025-11-20T16:34:23Z" } }, { "key": "YBUVS6VX", "version": 4807, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 16170, "name": "galacticus", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/galacticus", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/16170/items/YBUVS6VX", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/galacticus/items/YBUVS6VX", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 172233, "username": "abensonca", "name": "Andrew Benson", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/abensonca", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Moran et al.", "parsedDate": "2023-04-01", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "YBUVS6VX", "version": 4807, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "The Mira-Titan Universe - IV. High-precision power spectrum emulation", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Kelly R.", "lastName": "Moran" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Katrin", "lastName": "Heitmann" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Earl", "lastName": "Lawrence" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Salman", "lastName": "Habib" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Derek", "lastName": "Bingham" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Amol", "lastName": "Upadhye" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Juliana", "lastName": "Kwan" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "David", "lastName": "Higdon" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Richard", "lastName": "Payne" } ], "abstractNote": "Modern cosmological surveys are delivering data sets characterized by unprecedented quality and statistical completeness; this trend is expected to continue in the future as new ground- and space-based surveys come online. In order to maximally extract cosmological information from these observations, matching theoretical predictions are needed. At low redshifts, the surveys probe the non-linear regime of structure formation where cosmological simulations are the primary means of obtaining the required information. The computational cost of sufficiently resolved large-volume simulations makes it prohibitive to run very large ensembles. Nevertheless, precision emulators built on a tractable number of high-quality simulations can be used to build very fast prediction schemes to enable a variety of cosmological inference studies. We have recently introduced the Mira-Titan Universe simulation suite designed to construct emulators for a range of cosmological probes. This gravity-only set of simulations covers the standard six cosmological parameters {ωm, ωb, σ8, h, ns, w0} and, in addition, includes massive neutrinos and a dynamical dark energy equation of state {ων, wa}. In this paper, we present the final emulator for the matter power spectrum based on 111 cosmological simulations, each covering a (2.1 Gpc)3 volume and evolving 32003 particles. An additional set of 1776 lower resolution simulations and TimeRG perturbation theory results for the power spectrum are used to cover scales straddling the linear to mildly non-linear regimes (maximum wavenumber k = 5 Mpc-1). The emulator provides predictions at the 2-3 per cent level of accuracy over a wide range of cosmological parameters and is publicly released as part of this paper.", "publicationTitle": "Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society", "publisher": "OUP", "place": "", "date": "2023-04-01", "volume": "520", "issue": "", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "3443-3458", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "10.1093/mnras/stac3452", "citationKey": "", "url": "https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2023MNRAS.520.3443M", "accessDate": "2025-11-20T16:34:19Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0035-8711", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "NASA ADS", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "ADS Bibcode: 2023MNRAS.520.3443M", "tags": [ { "tag": "Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Statistics - Applications", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "large-scale structure of Universe", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "methods: statistical", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2025-11-20T16:34:19Z", "dateModified": "2025-11-20T16:34:19Z" } }, { "key": "2AWFTN78", "version": 4798, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 16170, "name": "galacticus", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/galacticus", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/16170/items/2AWFTN78", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/galacticus/items/2AWFTN78", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/16170/items/NA2EBJGM", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 172233, "username": "abensonca", "name": "Andrew Benson", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/abensonca", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "2AWFTN78", "version": 4798, "parentItem": "NA2EBJGM", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "imported_url", "title": "Full Text PDF", "accessDate": "2025-10-14T15:24:44Z", "url": "https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/link_gateway/2001MNRAS.321..155L/ARTICLE", "note": "", "contentType": "application/pdf", "charset": "", "filename": "Łokas and Mamon - 2001 - Properties of spherical galaxies and clusters with an NFW density profile.pdf", "md5": "691075fb9ddba697e85768508beb198b", "mtime": 1760455484501, "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2025-10-14T15:24:44Z", "dateModified": "2025-10-14T15:24:44Z" } }, { "key": "NA2EBJGM", "version": 4807, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 16170, "name": "galacticus", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/galacticus", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/16170/items/NA2EBJGM", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/galacticus/items/NA2EBJGM", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 172233, "username": "abensonca", "name": "Andrew Benson", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/abensonca", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Łokas and Mamon", "parsedDate": "2001-02-01", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "NA2EBJGM", "version": 4807, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Properties of spherical galaxies and clusters with an NFW density profile", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Ewa L.", "lastName": "Łokas" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Gary A.", "lastName": "Mamon" } ], "abstractNote": "Using the standard dynamical theory of spherical systems, we calculate the properties of spherical galaxies and clusters whose density profiles obey the universal form first obtained in high-resolution cosmological N-body simulations by Navarro, Frenk & White (NFW). We adopt three models for the internal kinematics: isotropic velocities, constant anisotropy and increasingly radial Osipkov-Merritt anisotropy. Analytical solutions are found for the radial dependence of the mass, gravitational potential, velocity dispersion, energy and virial ratio and we test their variability with the concentration parameter describing the density profile and amount of velocity anisotropy. We also compute structural parameters, such as half-mass radius, effective radius and various measures of concentration. Finally, we derive projected quantities, the surface mass density and line-of-sight as well as aperture-velocity dispersion, all of which can be directly applied in observational tests of current scenarios of structure formation. On the mass scales of galaxies, if constant mass-to-light is assumed, the NFW surface density profile is found to fit Hubble-Reynolds laws well. It is also well fitted by Sérsic R1/m laws, for m~=3, but in a much narrower range of m and with much larger effective radii than are observed. Assuming in turn reasonable values of the effective radius, the mass density profiles imply a mass-to-light ratio that increases outwards at all radii.", "publicationTitle": "Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society", "publisher": "OUP", "place": "", "date": "2001-02-01", "volume": "321", "issue": "", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "155-166", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "10.1046/j.1365-8711.2001.04007.x", "citationKey": "", "url": "https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2001MNRAS.321..155L", "accessDate": "2025-10-14T15:24:42Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0035-8711", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "NASA ADS", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "ADS Bibcode: 2001MNRAS.321..155L", "tags": [ { "tag": "Astrophysics", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "GALAXIES: CLUSTERS: GENERAL", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "LARGE-SCALE STRUCTURE OF UNIVERSE", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "METHODS: ANALYTICAL", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "galaxies: clusters: general", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "large-scale structure of Universe", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "methods: analytical", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2025-10-14T15:24:42Z", "dateModified": "2025-10-14T15:24:42Z" } }, { "key": "U83RLY92", "version": 4794, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 16170, "name": "galacticus", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/galacticus", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/16170/items/U83RLY92", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/galacticus/items/U83RLY92", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/16170/items/GXTWPXSE", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 172233, "username": "abensonca", "name": "Andrew Benson", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/abensonca", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "U83RLY92", "version": 4794, "parentItem": "GXTWPXSE", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "imported_url", "title": "Full Text PDF", "accessDate": "2025-09-26T18:23:39Z", "url": "https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/link_gateway/2019MNRAS.488.1501G/ARTICLE", "note": "", "contentType": "application/pdf", "charset": "", "filename": "Grudić et al. - 2019 - On the nature of variations in the measured star formation efficiency of molecular clouds.pdf", "md5": "b4f78d3a2bc427c95bcc9caa8785ef34", "mtime": 1758911019765, "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2025-09-26T18:23:39Z", "dateModified": "2025-09-26T18:23:39Z" } }, { "key": "RCL8PVXG", "version": 4791, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 16170, "name": "galacticus", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/galacticus", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/16170/items/RCL8PVXG", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/galacticus/items/RCL8PVXG", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/16170/items/RGXUU2IK", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 172233, "username": "abensonca", "name": "Andrew Benson", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/abensonca", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "RCL8PVXG", "version": 4791, "parentItem": "RGXUU2IK", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "imported_url", "title": "Full Text PDF", "accessDate": "2025-09-16T23:54:27Z", "url": "https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/link_gateway/2018PhRvD..97f3507D/ARTICLE", "note": "", "contentType": "application/pdf", "charset": "", "filename": "Du et al. - 2018 - Tidal disruption of fuzzy dark matter subhalo cores.pdf", "md5": "f992526fd40b68030442da59942861b2", "mtime": 1758066867665, "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2025-09-16T23:54:27Z", "dateModified": "2025-09-16T23:54:27Z" } }, { "key": "RGXUU2IK", "version": 4790, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 16170, "name": "galacticus", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/galacticus", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/16170/items/RGXUU2IK", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/galacticus/items/RGXUU2IK", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 172233, "username": "abensonca", "name": "Andrew Benson", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/abensonca", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Du et al.", "parsedDate": "2018-03-01", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "RGXUU2IK", "version": 4790, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Tidal disruption of fuzzy dark matter subhalo cores", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Xiaolong", "lastName": "Du" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Bodo", "lastName": "Schwabe" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Jens C.", "lastName": "Niemeyer" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "David", "lastName": "Bürger" } ], "abstractNote": "We study tidal stripping of fuzzy dark matter (FDM) subhalo cores using simulations of the Schrödinger-Poisson equations and analyze the dynamics of tidal disruption, highlighting the differences with standard cold dark matter. Mass loss outside of the tidal radius forces the core to relax into a less compact configuration, lowering the tidal radius. As the characteristic radius of a solitonic core scales inversely with its mass, tidal stripping results in a runaway effect and rapid tidal disruption of the core once its central density drops below 4.5 times the average density of the host within the orbital radius. Additionally, we find that the core is deformed into a tidally locked ellipsoid with increasing eccentricities until it is completely disrupted. Using the core mass loss rate, we compute the minimum mass of cores that can survive several orbits for different FDM particle masses and compare it with observed masses of satellite galaxies in the Milky Way.", "publicationTitle": "Physical Review D", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2018-03-01", "volume": "97", "issue": "", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "063507", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "10.1103/PhysRevD.97.063507", "citationKey": "", "url": "https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2018PhRvD..97f3507D", "accessDate": "2025-09-16T23:54:26Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "1550-79980556-2821", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "NASA ADS", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "ADS Bibcode: 2018PhRvD..97f3507D", "tags": [ { "tag": "Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "High Energy Physics - Phenomenology", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2025-09-16T23:54:26Z", "dateModified": "2025-09-16T23:54:26Z" } }, { "key": "7CMR8S9W", "version": 4789, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 16170, "name": "galacticus", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/galacticus", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/16170/items/7CMR8S9W", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/galacticus/items/7CMR8S9W", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 172233, "username": "abensonca", "name": "Andrew Benson", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/abensonca", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Fukui and Kawamura", "parsedDate": "2010-09-01", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "7CMR8S9W", "version": 4789, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Molecular Clouds in Nearby Galaxies", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Yasuo", "lastName": "Fukui" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Akiko", "lastName": "Kawamura" } ], "abstractNote": "We present a review of spatially resolved giant molecular clouds (GMCs) in nearby galaxies, aiming at providing a template of GMC properties, which may be extrapolated to distant galaxies. We focus on the Magellanic system including the Large and Small Magellanic Clouds (LMC, SMC), M33, and a few dwarfs as observed in the J = 1-0 12CO transition at 2.6-mm wavelength. The X factor, a conversion factor of the 12CO intensity to total molecular column density, and the GMC mass distribution, dN/dM, are similar among these galaxies, suggesting that GMCs share similar properties in the Local Group. The GMCs are classified into three types according to their level of star-formation activity and the types are interpreted in terms of evolution in 20-30 Myr rather than as three different generic types. A three-dimensional comparison including the velocity axis has revealed that GMCs in the LMC are associated with Hi envelopes. The Hi envelopes are probably gravitationally bound and may be infalling to increase the GMC mass via Hi-H2 conversion. Recent submillimeter observations are revealing dense and warm clumps in GMCs, suggesting that the interior of a GMC also follows contraction leading to star formation on a similar timescale. Finally, we present an attempt to place these GMC properties among more distant galaxies and discuss future observational prospects.", "publicationTitle": "Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2010-09-01", "volume": "48", "issue": "", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "547-580", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "10.1146/annurev-astro-081309-130854", "citationKey": "", "url": "https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2010ARA&A..48..547F", "accessDate": "2025-09-10T19:41:38Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0066-4146", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "NASA ADS", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "ADS Bibcode: 2010ARA&A..48..547F", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2025-09-10T19:41:38Z", "dateModified": "2025-09-10T19:41:38Z" } }, { "key": "563NLWP7", "version": 4787, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 16170, "name": "galacticus", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/galacticus", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/16170/items/563NLWP7", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/galacticus/items/563NLWP7", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/16170/items/HQYK38WD", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 172233, "username": "abensonca", "name": "Andrew Benson", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/abensonca", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "563NLWP7", "version": 4787, "parentItem": "HQYK38WD", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "imported_url", "title": "Full Text PDF", "accessDate": "2025-09-10T19:33:34Z", "url": "https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/link_gateway/2019MNRAS.488.1501G/ARTICLE", "note": "", "contentType": "application/pdf", "charset": "", "filename": "Grudić et al. - 2019 - On the nature of variations in the measured star formation efficiency of molecular clouds.pdf", "md5": "6a1db99cf845d89c11dfc7ee48dba024", "mtime": 1757532814119, "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2025-09-10T19:33:34Z", "dateModified": "2025-09-10T19:33:34Z" } }, { "key": "HQYK38WD", "version": 4785, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 16170, "name": "galacticus", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/galacticus", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/16170/items/HQYK38WD", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/galacticus/items/HQYK38WD", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 172233, "username": "abensonca", "name": "Andrew Benson", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/abensonca", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Grudić et al.", "parsedDate": "2019-09-01", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "HQYK38WD", "version": 4785, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "On the nature of variations in the measured star formation efficiency of molecular clouds", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Michael Y.", "lastName": "Grudić" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Philip F.", "lastName": "Hopkins" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Eve J.", "lastName": "Lee" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Norman", "lastName": "Murray" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Claude-André", "lastName": "Faucher-Giguère" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "L. Clifton", "lastName": "Johnson" } ], "abstractNote": "Measurements of the star formation efficiency (SFE) of giant molecular clouds (GMCs) in the Milky Way generally show a large scatter, which could be intrinsic or observational. We use magnetohydrodynamic simulations of GMCs (including feedback) to forward-model the relationship between the true GMC SFE and observational proxies. We show that individual GMCs trace broad ranges of observed SFE throughout collapse, star formation, and disruption. Low measured SFEs ({≪} 1 per cent) are `real' but correspond to early stages; the true `per-freefall' SFE where most stars actually form can be much larger. Very high ({≫} 10 per cent) values are often artificially enhanced by rapid gas dispersal. Simulations including stellar feedback reproduce observed GMC-scale SFEs, but simulations without feedback produce 20× larger SFEs. Radiative feedback dominates among mechanisms simulated. An anticorrelation of SFE with cloud mass is shown to be an observational artefact. We also explore individual dense `clumps' within GMCs and show that (with feedback) their bulk properties agree well with observations. Predicted SFEs within the dense clumps are ∼2× larger than observed, possibly indicating physics other than feedback from massive (main-sequence) stars is needed to regulate their collapse.", "publicationTitle": "Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2019-09-01", "volume": "488", "issue": "", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "1501-1518", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "10.1093/mnras/stz1758", "citationKey": "", "url": "https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2019MNRAS.488.1501G", "accessDate": "2025-09-10T19:33:29Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0035-8711", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "NASA ADS", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "ADS Bibcode: 2019MNRAS.488.1501G", "tags": [ { "tag": "Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "H ii regions", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "ISM: clouds", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "galaxies: star formation", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "stars: formation", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2025-09-10T19:33:29Z", "dateModified": "2025-09-10T19:33:29Z" } }, { "key": "GU5FVZ7D", "version": 4783, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 16170, "name": "galacticus", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/galacticus", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/16170/items/GU5FVZ7D", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/galacticus/items/GU5FVZ7D", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/16170/items/CM5WKRIA", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 172233, "username": "abensonca", "name": "Andrew Benson", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/abensonca", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "GU5FVZ7D", "version": 4783, "parentItem": "CM5WKRIA", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "imported_url", "title": "Full Text PDF", "accessDate": "2025-09-10T18:19:21Z", "url": "https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/link_gateway/2021MNRAS.502.1218R/ARTICLE", "note": "", "contentType": "application/pdf", "charset": "", "filename": "Rosolowsky et al. - 2021 - Giant molecular cloud catalogues for PHANGS-ALMA methods and initial results.pdf", "md5": "70bd9730be23dee3918a40acb308fe8d", "mtime": 1757528361736, "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2025-09-10T18:19:21Z", "dateModified": "2025-09-10T18:19:21Z" } }, { "key": "CM5WKRIA", "version": 4781, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 16170, "name": "galacticus", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/galacticus", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/16170/items/CM5WKRIA", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/galacticus/items/CM5WKRIA", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 172233, "username": "abensonca", "name": "Andrew Benson", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/abensonca", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Rosolowsky et al.", "parsedDate": "2021-03-01", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "CM5WKRIA", "version": 4781, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Giant molecular cloud catalogues for PHANGS-ALMA: methods and initial results", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Erik", "lastName": "Rosolowsky" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Annie", "lastName": "Hughes" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Adam K.", "lastName": "Leroy" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Jiayi", "lastName": "Sun" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Miguel", "lastName": "Querejeta" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Andreas", "lastName": "Schruba" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Antonio", "lastName": "Usero" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Cinthya N.", "lastName": "Herrera" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Daizhong", "lastName": "Liu" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Jérôme", "lastName": "Pety" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Toshiki", "lastName": "Saito" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Ivana", "lastName": "Bešlić" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Frank", "lastName": "Bigiel" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Guillermo", "lastName": "Blanc" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Mélanie", "lastName": "Chevance" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Daniel A.", "lastName": "Dale" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Sinan", "lastName": "Deger" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Christopher M.", "lastName": "Faesi" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Simon C. O.", "lastName": "Glover" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Jonathan D.", "lastName": "Henshaw" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Ralf S.", "lastName": "Klessen" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "J. M. Diederik", "lastName": "Kruijssen" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Kirsten", "lastName": "Larson" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Janice", "lastName": "Lee" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Sharon", "lastName": "Meidt" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Angus", "lastName": "Mok" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Eva", "lastName": "Schinnerer" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "David A.", "lastName": "Thilker" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Thomas G.", "lastName": "Williams" } ], "abstractNote": "We present improved methods for segmenting CO emission from galaxies into individual molecular clouds, providing an update to the CPROPS algorithms presented by Rosolowsky & Leroy. The new code enables both homogenization of the noise and spatial resolution among data, which allows for rigorous comparative analysis. The code also models the completeness of the data via false source injection and includes an updated segmentation approach to better deal with blended emission. These improved algorithms are implemented in a publicly available PYTHON package, PYCPROPS. We apply these methods to 10 of the nearest galaxies in the PHANGS-ALMA survey, cataloguing CO emission at a common 90 pc resolution and a matched noise level. We measure the properties of 4986 individual clouds identified in these targets. We investigate the scaling relations among cloud properties and the cloud mass distributions in each galaxy. The physical properties of clouds vary among galaxies, both as a function of galactocentric radius and as a function of dynamical environment. Overall, the clouds in our target galaxies are well-described by approximate energy equipartition, although clouds in stellar bars and galaxy centres show elevated line widths and virial parameters. The mass distribution of clouds in spiral arms has a typical mass scale that is 2.5× larger than interarm clouds and spiral arms clouds show slightly lower median virial parameters compared to interarm clouds (1.2 versus 1.4).", "publicationTitle": "Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2021-03-01", "volume": "502", "issue": "", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "1218-1245", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "10.1093/mnras/stab085", "citationKey": "", "url": "https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2021MNRAS.502.1218R", "accessDate": "2025-09-10T18:19:14Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0035-8711", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Giant molecular cloud catalogues for PHANGS-ALMA", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "NASA ADS", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "ADS Bibcode: 2021MNRAS.502.1218R", "tags": [ { "tag": "Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "ISM: clouds", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "NGC 1637", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "NGC 2903", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "NGC 3521", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "NGC 3621", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "NGC 3627", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "NGC 4826", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "NGC 5068", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "NGC 5643", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "NGC 6300)", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "galaxies: individual (NGC 0628", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "stars: formation", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2025-09-10T18:19:14Z", "dateModified": "2025-09-10T18:19:14Z" } }, { "key": "6Q2EWPG5", "version": 4779, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 16170, "name": "galacticus", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/galacticus", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/16170/items/6Q2EWPG5", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/galacticus/items/6Q2EWPG5", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/16170/items/GS4XMHQE", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 172233, "username": "abensonca", "name": "Andrew Benson", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/abensonca", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "6Q2EWPG5", "version": 4779, "parentItem": "GS4XMHQE", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "imported_url", "title": "Full Text PDF", "accessDate": "2025-08-13T23:22:05Z", "url": "https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/link_gateway/2022MNRAS.511..943C/ARTICLE", "note": "", "contentType": "application/pdf", "charset": "", "filename": "Chan et al. - 2022 - The diversity of core-halo structure in the fuzzy .pdf", "md5": "76babb474af1f205d5272b8c56cd8caf", "mtime": 1755127325000, "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2025-08-13T23:22:05Z", "dateModified": "2025-08-13T23:22:05Z" } } ]