[ { "key": "FTSZEPW7", "version": 31, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 161204, "name": "Big Data (UOC)", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/big_data_uoc", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/161204/items/FTSZEPW7", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/big_data_uoc/items/FTSZEPW7", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1041634, "username": "BSRUOC", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/bsruoc", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Navetta", "parsedDate": "2013-02-12", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "FTSZEPW7", "version": 31, "itemType": "blogPost", "title": "The Privacy Legal Implications of Big Data: A Primer", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "David", "lastName": "Navetta" } ], "abstractNote": "", "blogTitle": "Information Law Group", "websiteType": "", "date": "February 12, 2013", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.infolawgroup.com/2013/02/articles/big-data/the-privacy-legal-implications-of-big-data-a-primer/", "accessDate": "", "ISSN": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [ "4BSTRJFH" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2013-04-15T14:00:07Z", "dateModified": "2013-04-15T14:01:53Z" } }, { "key": "GQSRZN2R", "version": 26, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 161204, "name": "Big Data (UOC)", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/big_data_uoc", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/161204/items/GQSRZN2R", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/big_data_uoc/items/GQSRZN2R", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/161204/items/SK7MFM93", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1041634, "username": "BSRUOC", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/bsruoc", "type": "text/html" } } } }, "data": { "key": "GQSRZN2R", "version": 26, "parentItem": "SK7MFM93", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "linked_url", "title": "Snapshot", "accessDate": "2013-04-15T13:53:50Z", "url": "http://www.forbes.com/sites/gartnergroup/2013/03/27/gartners-big-data-definition-consists-of-three-parts-not-to-be-confused-with-three-vs/", "note": "", "contentType": "text/html", "charset": "", "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2013-04-15T13:53:50Z", "dateModified": "2013-04-15T13:53:50Z" } }, { "key": "SK7MFM93", "version": 26, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 161204, "name": "Big Data (UOC)", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/big_data_uoc", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/161204/items/SK7MFM93", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/big_data_uoc/items/SK7MFM93", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1041634, "username": "BSRUOC", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/bsruoc", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "SK7MFM93", "version": 26, "itemType": "webpage", "title": "Gartner's Big Data Definition Consists of Three Parts, Not to Be Confused with Three \"V\"s - Forbes", "creators": [], "abstractNote": "By Svetlana Sicular Gartner, Inc. Volume, velocity and variety characteristics of information assets are not three parts of Gartner’s definition of big data, it is part one, and oftentimes, misunderstood. Most people only retain about one-third of what they read — that explains the truncation. 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"2013-04-15T13:53:29Z", "dateModified": "2013-04-15T13:53:29Z" } }, { "key": "8Q2FBMUB", "version": 25, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 161204, "name": "Big Data (UOC)", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/big_data_uoc", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/161204/items/8Q2FBMUB", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/big_data_uoc/items/8Q2FBMUB", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1041634, "username": "BSRUOC", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/bsruoc", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Polonetsky", "parsedDate": "2012-02-02", "numChildren": 2 }, "data": { "key": "8Q2FBMUB", "version": 25, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Privacy in the Age of Big Data: A Time for Big Decisions", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Omer Tene & Jules", "lastName": "Polonetsky" } ], "abstractNote": "We live in an age of “big data.” Data has become the raw material of production, a new source of immense economic and social value.", "publicationTitle": "Stanford Law Review Online", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2012/02/02", "volume": "64", "issue": "", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "63", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.stanfordlawreview.org/online/privacy-paradox/big-data", "accessDate": "2013-04-15T13:53:29Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Privacy in the Age of Big Data", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "www.stanfordlawreview.org", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [ "4BSTRJFH" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2013-04-15T13:53:29Z", "dateModified": "2013-04-15T13:53:29Z" } }, { "key": "FWGZCWQC", "version": 24, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 161204, "name": "Big Data (UOC)", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/big_data_uoc", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/161204/items/FWGZCWQC", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/big_data_uoc/items/FWGZCWQC", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1041634, "username": "BSRUOC", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/bsruoc", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Tene and Polonetsky", "parsedDate": "2012-09-20", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "FWGZCWQC", "version": 24, "itemType": "report", "title": "Big Data for All: Privacy and User Control in the Age of Analytics", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Omer", "lastName": "Tene" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Jules", "lastName": "Polonetsky" } ], "abstractNote": "We live in an age of “big data.” Data have become the raw material of production, a new source for immense economic and social value. Advances in data mining and analytics and the massive increase in computing power and data storage capacity have expanded by orders of magnitude the scope of information available for businesses and government. Data are now available for analysis in raw form, escaping the confines of structured databases and enhancing researchers’ abilities to identify correlations and conceive of new, unanticipated uses for existing information. In addition, the increasing number of people, devices, and sensors that are now connected by digital networks has revolutionized the ability to generate, communicate, share, and access data. Data creates enormous value for the world economy, driving innovation, productivity, efficiency and growth. At the same time, the “data deluge” presents privacy concerns which could stir a regulatory backlash dampening the data economy and stifling innovation. In order to craft a balance between beneficial uses of data and in individual privacy, policymakers must address some of the most fundamental concepts of privacy law, including the definition of “personally identifiable information”, the role of individual control, and the principles of data minimization and purpose limitation. This article emphasizes the importance of providing individuals with access to their data in usable format. This will let individuals share the wealth created by their information and incentivize developers to offer user-side features and applications harnessing the value of big data. Where individual access to data is impracticable, data are likely to be de-identified to an extent sufficient to diminish privacy concerns. In addition, organizations should be required to disclose their decisional criteria, since in a big data world it is often not the data but rather the inferences drawn from them that give cause for concern.", "reportNumber": "ID 2149364", "reportType": "SSRN Scholarly Paper", "institution": "Social Science Research Network", "place": "Rochester, NY", "date": "September 20, 2012", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesNumber": "", "pages": "", "DOI": "", "ISBN": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=2149364", "accessDate": "2013-04-15T06:29:41Z", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Big Data for All", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "papers.ssrn.com", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Big Data", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "VRM", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "data protection", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "privacy", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [ "X5XW754A" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2013-04-15T08:52:14Z", "dateModified": "2013-04-15T09:04:19Z" } }, { "key": "DKP4NIJ5", "version": 24, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 161204, "name": "Big Data (UOC)", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/big_data_uoc", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/161204/items/DKP4NIJ5", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/big_data_uoc/items/DKP4NIJ5", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1041634, "username": "BSRUOC", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/bsruoc", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "DKP4NIJ5", "version": 24, "itemType": "webpage", "title": "The Practice of Law in the Era of 'Big Data'", "creators": [], "abstractNote": "'Big Data,' a name for new data-analysis technologies as well as a movement to develop real-world uses for these capabilities, holds big promise. With regard to the practice of law, the impact of these technologies on electronic discovery is likely the first practical application that comes to mind. But its analytical power also raises big concerns.", "websiteTitle": "Law Technology News", "websiteType": "", "date": "", "publisher": "", "place": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.law.com/jsp/lawtechnologynews/PubArticleLTN.jsp?id=1202490153456&The_Practice_of_Law_in_the_Era_of_Big_Data&slreturn=20130315022820", "accessDate": "2013-04-15T06:28:29Z", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "it law", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "law technology articles", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "law technology news", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "legal technology", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "legal technology articles", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "legal technology news", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "null law technology", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "tech news", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "technology news", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [ "X5XW754A" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2013-04-15T08:52:14Z", "dateModified": "2013-04-15T09:04:19Z" } }, { "key": "VEREC5ZE", "version": 24, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 161204, "name": "Big Data (UOC)", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/big_data_uoc", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/161204/items/VEREC5ZE", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/big_data_uoc/items/VEREC5ZE", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1041634, "username": "BSRUOC", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/bsruoc", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Cohen", "parsedDate": "2012-11-15", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "VEREC5ZE", "version": 24, "itemType": "report", "title": "What Privacy Is For", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Julie", "lastName": "Cohen" } ], "abstractNote": "Privacy has an image problem. Over and over again, regardless of the forum in which it is debated, it is cast as old-fashioned at best and downright harmful at worst — anti-progressive, overly costly, and inimical to the welfare of the body politic. Yet the perception of privacy as antiquated and socially retrograde is wrong. It is the result of a conceptual inversion that relates to the way in which the purpose of privacy has been conceived. Like the broader tradition of liberal political theory within which it is situated, legal scholarship has conceptualized privacy as a form of protection for the liberal self. Its function is principally a defensive one; it offers shelter from the pressures of societal and technological change. So characterized, however, privacy is reactive and ultimately inessential. In fact, the liberal self who is the subject of privacy theory and privacy policymaking does not exist. The self who is the real subject of privacy law- and policy-making is socially constructed, emerging gradually from a preexisting cultural and relational substrate. For this self, the purpose of privacy is quite different. Privacy shelters dynamic, emergent subjectivity from the efforts of commercial and government actors to render individuals and communities fixed, transparent, and predictable. It protects the situated practices of boundary management through which self-definition and the capacity for self-reflection develop. So described, privacy is anything but old-fashioned, and trading it away creates two kinds of large systemic risk. First, privacy is an indispensable structural feature of liberal democratic political systems. Freedom from surveillance, whether public or private, is foundational to the capacity for critical self-reflection and informed citizenship. A society that permits the unchecked ascendancy of surveillance infrastructures cannot hope to remain a liberal democracy. Under such conditions, liberal democracy as a form of government is replaced, gradually but surely, by a form of government that I will call modulated democracy because it relies on a form of surveillance that operates by modulation: a set of processes in which the quality and content of surveillant attention is continually modified according to the subject’s own behavior, sometimes in response to inputs from the subject but according to logics that ultimately are outside the subject’s control. Second, privacy is also foundational to the capacity for innovation, and so the perception of privacy as anti-innovation is a non sequitur. A society that values innovation ignores privacy at its peril, for privacy also shelters the processes of play and experimentation from which innovation emerges. Efforts to repackage pervasive surveillance as innovation — under the moniker “Big Data” — are better understood as efforts to enshrine the methods and values of the modulated society at the heart of our system of knowledge production. In short, privacy incursions harm individuals, but not only individuals. Privacy incursions in the name of progress, innovation, and ordered liberty jeopardize the continuing vitality of the political and intellectual culture that we say we value.", "reportNumber": "ID 2175406", "reportType": "SSRN Scholarly Paper", "institution": "Social Science Research Network", "place": "Rochester, NY", "date": "November 15, 2012", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesNumber": "", "pages": "", "DOI": "", "ISBN": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=2175406", "accessDate": "2013-04-15T06:25:45Z", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "papers.ssrn.com", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Big Data", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "democracy", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "innovation", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "modulation", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "privacy", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "surveillance", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [ "X5XW754A" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2013-04-15T08:52:14Z", "dateModified": "2013-04-15T09:04:19Z" } }, { "key": "94HK6UG7", "version": 24, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 161204, "name": "Big Data (UOC)", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/big_data_uoc", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/161204/items/94HK6UG7", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/big_data_uoc/items/94HK6UG7", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1041634, "username": "BSRUOC", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/bsruoc", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Kuner et al.", "parsedDate": "2012-05-01", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "94HK6UG7", "version": 24, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "The challenge of ‘big data’ for data protection", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Christopher", "lastName": "Kuner" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Fred H.", "lastName": "Cate" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Christopher", "lastName": "Millard" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Dan Jerker B.", "lastName": "Svantesson" } ], "abstractNote": "", "publicationTitle": "International Data Privacy Law", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "05/01/2012", "volume": "2", "issue": "2", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "47-49", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "International Data Privacy Law", "DOI": "10.1093/idpl/ips003", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://idpl.oxfordjournals.org/content/2/2/47", "accessDate": "2013-04-15T06:26:29Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "2044-3994, 2044-4001", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "idpl.oxfordjournals.org", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [ "X5XW754A" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2013-04-15T08:52:14Z", "dateModified": "2013-04-15T09:04:19Z" } }, { "key": "9W27I2E3", "version": 24, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 161204, "name": "Big Data (UOC)", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/big_data_uoc", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/161204/items/9W27I2E3", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/big_data_uoc/items/9W27I2E3", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1041634, "username": "BSRUOC", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/bsruoc", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Koops", "parsedDate": "2013-01-15", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "9W27I2E3", "version": 24, "itemType": "report", "title": "Forgetting Footprints, Shunning Shadows: A Critical Analysis of the 'Right to Be Forgotten' in Big Data Practice", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Bert-Jaap", "lastName": "Koops" } ], "abstractNote": "The so-called 'right to be forgotten' has been put firmly on the agenda, both of academia and of policy. Although the idea is intuitive and appealing, the legal form and practical implications of a right to be forgotten have hardly been analyzed so far. This contribution aims to critically assess what a right to be forgotten could or should entail in practice. It outlines the current socio-technical context as one of Big Data, in which massive data collections are created and mined for many purposes. Big Data involves not only individuals’ digital footprints (data they themselves leave behind) but, perhaps more importantly, also individuals’ data shadows (information about them generated by others). And contrary to physical footprints and shadows, their digital counterparts are not ephemeral but persistent. This presents particular challenges for the right to be forgotten, which are discussed in the form of three key questions. Against whom can the right be invoked? When and why can the right be invoked? And how can the right be effected? Advocates of a right to be forgotten must clarify which conceptualization of such a right they favor – a comprehensive, user-control-based right to have data deleted in due time, or a narrower, context-specific right to a 'clean slate' – and how they think the considerable obstacles presented in this paper can be overcome, if people are really to be enabled to have their digital footprints forgotten and to shun their data shadows.", "reportNumber": "ID 1986719", "reportType": "SSRN Scholarly Paper", "institution": "Social Science Research Network", "place": "Rochester, NY", "date": "January 15, 2013", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesNumber": "", "pages": "", "DOI": "", "ISBN": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=1986719", "accessDate": "2013-04-15T06:25:52Z", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Forgetting Footprints, Shunning Shadows", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "papers.ssrn.com", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "clean slate", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "data protection", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "data shadows", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "databases", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "forgetfulness", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "privacy", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "right to be forgotten", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [ "X5XW754A" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2013-04-15T08:52:14Z", "dateModified": "2013-04-15T09:04:19Z" } }, { "key": "TCQKZIEQ", "version": 24, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 161204, "name": "Big Data (UOC)", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/big_data_uoc", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/161204/items/TCQKZIEQ", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/big_data_uoc/items/TCQKZIEQ", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1041634, "username": "BSRUOC", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/bsruoc", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Bollier and Firestone", "parsedDate": "2010", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "TCQKZIEQ", "version": 24, "itemType": "book", "title": "The promise and peril of big data", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "David", "lastName": "Bollier" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Charles M.", "lastName": "Firestone" } ], "abstractNote": "", "series": "", "seriesNumber": "", "volume": "", "numberOfVolumes": "", "edition": "", "date": "2010", "publisher": "Aspen Institute, Communications and Society Program", "place": "", "originalDate": "", "originalPublisher": "", "originalPlace": "", "format": "", "numPages": "", "ISBN": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://citpsite.s3.amazonaws.com/events/big-data/Aspen-Big_Data.pdf", "accessDate": "2013-04-15T06:33:39Z", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "Google Scholar", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [ "4BSTRJFH" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2013-04-15T08:51:51Z", "dateModified": "2013-04-15T09:04:15Z" } }, { "key": "I5RI959E", "version": 24, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 161204, "name": "Big Data (UOC)", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/big_data_uoc", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/161204/items/I5RI959E", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/big_data_uoc/items/I5RI959E", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1041634, "username": "BSRUOC", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/bsruoc", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Boyd and Crawford", "parsedDate": "2011-09-13", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "I5RI959E", "version": 24, "itemType": "report", "title": "Six Provocations for Big Data", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Danah", "lastName": "Boyd" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Kate", "lastName": "Crawford" } ], "abstractNote": "The era of Big Data has begun. Computer scientists, physicists, economists, mathematicians, political scientists, bio-informaticists, sociologists, and many others are clamoring for access to the massive quantities of information produced by and about people, things, and their interactions. Diverse groups argue about the potential benefits and costs of analyzing information from Twitter, Google, Verizon, 23andMe, Facebook, Wikipedia, and every space where large groups of people leave digital traces and deposit data. Significant questions emerge. Will large-scale analysis of DNA help cure diseases? Or will it usher in a new wave of medical inequality? Will data analytics help make people’s access to information more efficient and effective? Or will it be used to track protesters in the streets of major cities? Will it transform how we study human communication and culture, or narrow the palette of research options and alter what ‘research’ means? Some or all of the above?This essay offers six provocations that we hope can spark conversations about the issues of Big Data. Given the rise of Big Data as both a phenomenon and a methodological persuasion, we believe that it is time to start critically interrogating this phenomenon, its assumptions, and its biases.(This paper was presented at Oxford Internet Institute’s “A Decade in Internet Time: Symposium on the Dynamics of the Internet and Society” on September 21, 2011.)", "reportNumber": "ID 1926431", "reportType": "SSRN Scholarly Paper", "institution": "Social Science Research Network", "place": "Rochester, NY", "date": "September 13, 2011", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesNumber": "", "pages": "", "DOI": "", "ISBN": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=1926431", "accessDate": "2013-04-15T06:34:30Z", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "papers.ssrn.com", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Big Data", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "analysis", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "computer science", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "methodology", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "sociology", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [ "4BSTRJFH" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2013-04-15T08:51:51Z", "dateModified": "2013-04-15T09:04:15Z" } }, { "key": "FWR837TQ", "version": 24, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 161204, "name": "Big Data (UOC)", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/big_data_uoc", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/161204/items/FWR837TQ", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/big_data_uoc/items/FWR837TQ", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1041634, "username": "BSRUOC", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/bsruoc", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Viñals Torres", "parsedDate": "2012", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "FWR837TQ", "version": 24, "itemType": "book", "title": "Del cloud computing al big data. Visión introductoria para jóvenes emprendedores", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "J.", "lastName": "Viñals Torres" } ], "abstractNote": "", "series": "", "seriesNumber": "", "volume": "", "numberOfVolumes": "", "edition": "", "date": "2012", "publisher": "UOC", "place": "Barcelona", "originalDate": "", "originalPublisher": "", "originalPlace": "", "format": "", "numPages": "", "ISBN": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.jorditorres.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/Del.Cloud_.Computing.al_.Big_.Data_.JordiTorres.ES_.pdf", "accessDate": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [ "4BSTRJFH" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2013-04-15T08:51:51Z", "dateModified": "2013-04-15T09:04:15Z" } }, { "key": "BGJ86SBT", "version": 24, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 161204, "name": "Big Data (UOC)", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/big_data_uoc", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/161204/items/BGJ86SBT", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/big_data_uoc/items/BGJ86SBT", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1041634, "username": "BSRUOC", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/bsruoc", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Rubinstein", "parsedDate": "2012-10-06", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "BGJ86SBT", "version": 24, "itemType": "report", "title": "Big Data: The End of Privacy or a New Beginning?", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Ira", "lastName": "Rubinstein" } ], "abstractNote": "“Big data” refers to novel ways in which organizations, including government and businesses, combine diverse digital data sets and then use statistics and other data mining techniques to extract from them both hidden information and surprising correlations. While big data promises significant economic and social benefits, it also raises serious privacy concerns. In particular, big data challenges the Fair Information Practices (FIPs) as embodied in various privacy laws including the EU Data Protection Directive. This past January, the European Commission released a proposal to reform and replace the Directive by adopting a new Regulation. In this paper, I argue that this Regulation relies too heavily on the discredited informed choice model, and therefore fails to fully engage with the coming big data tsunami. My contention is that when this advancing wave arrives, it will so overwhelm the core privacy principles of informed choice and data minimization on which the Directive rests that reform efforts alone will prove inadequate. Rather, an adequate response must combine legal reform with encouragement of new business models premised on consumer empowerment and supported by a personal data ecosystem. This new business model is important for two reasons: first, existing business models have proven time and again that privacy regulation is no match for them. Businesses inevitably collect and use more and more personal data, and while consumers realize many benefits in exchange, there is little doubt that businesses, not consumers, control the market in personal data with their own interests in mind. Second, a new business model, which I describe in this paper, promises to stand processing of personal data on its head by shifting control over both the collection and use of data from firms to individuals. This “control shift” — and this alone — stands a chance of making the FIPs efficacious by giving individuals the capacity to benefit from big data and hence the motivation to learn about and control how their data is collected and used, while also enabling businesses to profit from a new breed of services that are both data-intensive and imbued with privacy values.", "reportNumber": "ID 2157659", "reportType": "SSRN Scholarly Paper", "institution": "Social Science Research Network", "place": "Rochester, NY", "date": "October 06, 2012", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesNumber": "", "pages": "", "DOI": "", "ISBN": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=2157659", "accessDate": "2013-04-15T07:18:44Z", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Big Data", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "papers.ssrn.com", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Big Data", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "EU Directive", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "EU Regulation", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "data protection", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "privacy", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [ "4BSTRJFH" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2013-04-15T08:51:51Z", "dateModified": "2013-04-15T09:04:15Z" } }, { "key": "4CJ8M9GA", "version": 24, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 161204, "name": "Big Data (UOC)", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/big_data_uoc", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/161204/items/4CJ8M9GA", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/big_data_uoc/items/4CJ8M9GA", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1041634, "username": "BSRUOC", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/bsruoc", "type": "text/html" } } }, "parsedDate": "2011", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "4CJ8M9GA", "version": 24, "itemType": "report", "title": "Big data and the democratisation of decisions", "creators": [], "abstractNote": "", "reportNumber": "", "reportType": "", "institution": "Economist Intelligence Unit", "place": "London", "date": "2011", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesNumber": "", "pages": "", "DOI": "", "ISBN": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://pages.alteryx.com/rs/alteryx/images/EIU-Alteryx-Big-Data-Decisions.pdf", "accessDate": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [ "4BSTRJFH" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2013-04-15T08:51:51Z", "dateModified": "2013-04-15T09:04:15Z" } }, { "key": "K9IH2XI8", "version": 24, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 161204, "name": "Big Data (UOC)", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/big_data_uoc", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/161204/items/K9IH2XI8", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/big_data_uoc/items/K9IH2XI8", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1041634, "username": "BSRUOC", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/bsruoc", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Alpin", "parsedDate": "2011-11-04", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "K9IH2XI8", "version": 24, "itemType": "newspaperArticle", "title": "“Big Data’ Presents New Privacy Risks, Enforcement Challenges for Regulators", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Donald G.", "lastName": "Alpin" } ], "abstractNote": "", "publicationTitle": "BNA Privacy Law Watch", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "November 4, 2011", "volume": "", "issue": "", "edition": "", "section": "", "pages": "", "ISSN": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": 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"links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/bsruoc", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "4B9K9SGX", "version": 24, "itemType": "webpage", "title": "What is big data? - O'Reilly Radar", "creators": [], "abstractNote": "It's the hot trend in software right now, but what does big data mean, and how can you exploit it? Strata chair Edd Dumbill presents an introduction and orientation to the big data landscape.", "websiteTitle": "", "websiteType": "", "date": "", "publisher": "", "place": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://radar.oreilly.com/2012/01/what-is-big-data.html?imm_mid=07caa9&cmp=em-orm-strata-jan19-newsletter-elist", "accessDate": "2013-04-15T07:29:54Z", "shortTitle": "What is big data?", "language": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Big Data", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Planning for Big Data", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "data science", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "data science teams", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [ "4BSTRJFH" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2013-04-15T08:51:51Z", "dateModified": "2013-04-15T09:04:15Z" } }, { "key": "T2I5XP6W", "version": 24, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 161204, "name": "Big Data (UOC)", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/big_data_uoc", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/161204/items/T2I5XP6W", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/big_data_uoc/items/T2I5XP6W", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1041634, "username": "BSRUOC", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/bsruoc", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "T2I5XP6W", "version": 24, "itemType": "webpage", "title": "Rethinking Privacy in an Era of Big Data", "creators": [], "abstractNote": "Privacy is always a moving target in a networked world. It moves in lots of directions. Can I share my genetic information, if it’s also saying something about my brother? What if my LinkedIn and Foursquare data exposes something I don’t want others seeing? A well-known Internet researcher warns, “Regulation is coming.”", "websiteTitle": "Bits Blog", "websiteType": "", "date": "", "publisher": "", "place": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://bits.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/06/04/rethinking-privacy-in-an-era-of-big-data/", "accessDate": "2013-04-15T07:14:31Z", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [ "4BSTRJFH" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2013-04-15T08:51:51Z", "dateModified": "2013-04-15T09:04:15Z" } }, { "key": "523IG523", "version": 24, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 161204, "name": "Big Data (UOC)", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/big_data_uoc", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/161204/items/523IG523", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/big_data_uoc/items/523IG523", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1041634, "username": "BSRUOC", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/bsruoc", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Kosinski et al.", "parsedDate": "2013-04-09", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "523IG523", "version": 24, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Private traits and attributes are predictable from digital records of human behavior", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Michal", "lastName": "Kosinski" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "David", "lastName": "Stillwell" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Thore", "lastName": "Graepel" } ], "abstractNote": "We show that easily accessible digital records of behavior, Facebook Likes, can be used to automatically and accurately predict a range of highly sensitive personal attributes including: sexual orientation, ethnicity, religious and political views, personality traits, intelligence, happiness, use of addictive substances, parental separation, age, and gender. The analysis presented is based on a dataset of over 58,000 volunteers who provided their Facebook Likes, detailed demographic profiles, and the results of several psychometric tests. The proposed model uses dimensionality reduction for preprocessing the Likes data, which are then entered into logistic/linear regression to predict individual psychodemographic profiles from Likes. The model correctly discriminates between homosexual and heterosexual men in 88% of cases, African Americans and Caucasian Americans in 95% of cases, and between Democrat and Republican in 85% of cases. For the personality trait “Openness,” prediction accuracy is close to the test–retest accuracy of a standard personality test. We give examples of associations between attributes and Likes and discuss implications for online personalization and privacy.", "publicationTitle": "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "04/09/2013", "volume": "110", "issue": "15", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "5802-5805", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "PNAS", "DOI": "10.1073/pnas.1218772110", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.pnas.org/content/110/15/5802", "accessDate": "2013-04-15T07:15:07Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0027-8424, 1091-6490", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "www.pnas.org", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Big Data", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "computational social science", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "data mining", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "machine learning", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "psychological assessment", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "social networks", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [ "4BSTRJFH" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2013-04-15T08:51:51Z", "dateModified": "2013-04-15T09:04:15Z" } }, { "key": "4FX3S8QX", "version": 24, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 161204, "name": "Big Data (UOC)", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/big_data_uoc", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/161204/items/4FX3S8QX", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/big_data_uoc/items/4FX3S8QX", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1041634, "username": "BSRUOC", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/bsruoc", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "4FX3S8QX", "version": 24, "itemType": "book", "title": "Privacy and Big Data", "creators": [], "abstractNote": "Much of what constitutes Big Data is information about us. Through our online activities, we leave an easy-to-follow trail of digital footprints that reveal who we are, what we buy, where we go, and much more. This eye-opening book explores the ragin...", "series": "", "seriesNumber": "", "volume": "", "numberOfVolumes": "", "edition": "", "date": "", "publisher": "", "place": "", "originalDate": "", "originalPublisher": "", "originalPlace": "", "format": "", "numPages": "", "ISBN": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://shop.oreilly.com/product/0636920020103.do", "accessDate": "2013-04-15T07:02:45Z", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "shop.oreilly.com", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "1-4493-0500-8", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "1449305008", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "978-1-4493-0500-0", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "9781449305000", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Mary E. Ludloff", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "O'Reilly", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Privacy and Big Data", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Terence Craig", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "oreilly", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [ "4BSTRJFH" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2013-04-15T08:51:51Z", "dateModified": "2013-04-15T09:04:15Z" } }, { "key": "58VUZF2Z", "version": 24, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 161204, "name": "Big Data (UOC)", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/big_data_uoc", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/161204/items/58VUZF2Z", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/big_data_uoc/items/58VUZF2Z", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1041634, "username": "BSRUOC", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/bsruoc", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Viñals Torres", "parsedDate": "2012", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "58VUZF2Z", "version": 24, "itemType": "book", "title": "De la informàtica en núvol al big data. Visió introductòria per a joves emprenedors", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "J.", "lastName": "Viñals Torres" } ], "abstractNote": "", "series": "", "seriesNumber": "", "volume": "", "numberOfVolumes": "", "edition": "", "date": "2012", "publisher": "UOC", "place": "Barcelona", "originalDate": "", "originalPublisher": "", "originalPlace": "", "format": "", "numPages": "", "ISBN": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.jorditorres.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/Del.Cloud_.Computing.al_.Big_.Data_.JordiTorres.CAT_.pdf", "accessDate": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [ "4BSTRJFH" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2013-04-15T08:51:51Z", "dateModified": "2013-04-15T09:04:15Z" } }, { "key": "MDGEXJ8G", "version": 24, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 161204, "name": "Big Data (UOC)", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/big_data_uoc", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/161204/items/MDGEXJ8G", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/big_data_uoc/items/MDGEXJ8G", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1041634, "username": "BSRUOC", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/bsruoc", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Tufekci", "parsedDate": "2013-03-08", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "MDGEXJ8G", "version": 24, "itemType": "report", "title": "Big Data: Pitfalls, Methods and Concepts for an Emergent Field", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Zeynep", "lastName": "Tufekci" } ], "abstractNote": "Big Data, large-scale aggregate databases of imprints of online and social media activity, has captured scientific and policy attention. However, this emergent field is challenged by inadequate attention to methodological and conceptual issues. I review key methodological and conceptual challenges including: 1) Inadequate attention to the implicit and explicit structural biases of the platform(s) most frequently used to generate datasets (the model organism problem). 2) The common practice of selecting on the dependent variable without corresponding attention to the complications of this path. 3) Lack of clarity with regard to sampling, universe and representativeness (the denominator problem). 4) Most big data analyses come from a single platform (hence missing the ecology of information flows). Conceptual issues reviewed in this paper include: 1) More research is needed to interpret aggregated mediated interactions. Clicks, status updates, links, retweets, etc. are complex social interactions. 2) Network methods imported from other fields need to be carefully reconsidered to evaluate appropriateness for analyzing human social media imprints. 3) Most big datasets contain information only on “node-to-node” interaction. However, “field” effects – events that affect a society or a group in a wholesale fashion either through shared experience or through broadcast media – are an important part of human socio-cultural experience. 4.Human reflexivity – that humans will alter behaviors around metrics – needs to be assumed and built into the analysis. 5) Assuming additivity and counting interactions so that each new interaction is seen as (n 1) without regards to the semantics or context can be misleading. 6) The relationship between network structure and other attributes is complex and multi-faceted.", "reportNumber": "ID 2229952", "reportType": "SSRN Scholarly Paper", "institution": "Social Science Research Network", "place": "Rochester, NY", "date": "March 08, 2013", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesNumber": "", "pages": "", "DOI": "", "ISBN": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=2229952", "accessDate": "2013-04-15T07:26:43Z", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Big Data", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "papers.ssrn.com", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Big Data", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Facebook", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Twitter", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "computer science", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "data science", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "social science", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [ "4BSTRJFH" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2013-04-15T08:51:51Z", "dateModified": "2013-04-15T09:04:15Z" } }, { "key": "TIQIFUJN", "version": 24, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 161204, "name": "Big Data (UOC)", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/big_data_uoc", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/161204/items/TIQIFUJN", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/big_data_uoc/items/TIQIFUJN", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1041634, "username": "BSRUOC", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/bsruoc", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "TIQIFUJN", "version": 24, "itemType": "webpage", "title": "Big Data, Big Legal Impact: Strata Jumpstart 2011 - O'Reilly Conferences, September 19 New York, NY", "creators": [], "abstractNote": "Emerging technologies - such as big data - can change both the scope and practical impact of the law. This session will explore both the potential impact of big data on the law generally and some of the specific legal issues of concern when monetizing big data.", "websiteTitle": "", "websiteType": "", "date": "", "publisher": "", "place": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://strataconf.com/jumpstart2011/public/schedule/detail/20958", "accessDate": "2013-04-15T07:18:18Z", "shortTitle": "Big Data, Big Legal Impact", "language": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [ "4BSTRJFH" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2013-04-15T08:51:51Z", "dateModified": "2013-04-15T09:04:15Z" } } ]