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            "note": "<p>Spiral springs are substituted for the usual fiat spring over the tumbler of a door lock.</p>\n<p>\"All that I claim as my invention, is substituting spiral springs for the common flat spring. Said springs resting perpendicularly on the tumbler, with the cylindrical piece of metal in the centre of each spring secured to the tumbler, and working loosely in the groove on the under side of the square mortise; thereby rendering the lock more easy in its movements and more durable; the springs not being liable to break or lose their elasticity so soon as the common flat springs.\"</p>",
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            "note": "<p>GENERAL NOTES</p>\n<p>http://www.datamp.org/patents/search/advance.php?pn=9893X&amp;id=36910&amp;set=1<br /><br />more patents:<br />http://www.google.com/patents/US76103?printsec=abstract#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false<br />http://www.google.com/patents/US91045?dq=ininventor:%22ALMON+ROFF%22&amp;hl=en&amp;sa=X&amp;ei=2EYeUYy7MMbDygH3-IGwCA&amp;ved=0CDcQ6wEwAA<br />http://www.google.com/patents/US93229?dq=ininventor:%22ALMON+ROFF%22&amp;hl=en&amp;sa=X&amp;ei=2EYeUYy7MMbDygH3-IGwCA&amp;ved=0CDoQ6wEwAQ<br /><br /><br />Check more fulton history<br /><br />http://fultonhistory.com/Newspapers%206/New%20York%20NY%20Tribune/New%20York%20NY%20Tribune%201851%20Jul%20-%20Oct%20Grayscale/New%20York%20NY%20Tribune%201851%20Jul%20-%20Oct%20Grayscale%20-%200244.pdf<br /><br />Craziness: http://users.wpi.edu/~jonored/ &lt;this guy apparently wrote, at some point:<br /><br />&lt;rdf:Description rdf:about=\"http://users.wpi.edu/~jonored/iqp/elements#e2_00392\"&gt;<br />&lt;q:type&gt;subject&lt;/q:type&gt;<br />&lt;q:creator&gt;Almon Roff&lt;/q:creator&gt;<br />&lt;q:description&gt;<br />This is a design for a lock that does not require a key, but instead relies on a knob with letters or numbers on it which must be turned in a particular sequence to cause the bolt to release.<br />&lt;/q:description&gt;<br />&lt;q:title&gt;Roff's Safety Lock&lt;/q:title&gt;<br />&lt;q:genre&gt;Mechanical&lt;/q:genre&gt;<br />&lt;/rdf:Description&gt;<br /><br />But it's gone now and doesn't appear anywhere else on the internet. http://www.wpi.edu/Pubs/E-project/Available/E-project-052008-144211/unrestricted/all.xml<br /><br />other stuff: <br />http://www.officemuseum.com/filing_equipment_safes.htm<br />http://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?gl=allgs&amp;gsfn=Anna%20M&amp;gsln=Roff&amp;gss=seo&amp;ghc=20<br />http://www.london-gazette.co.uk/issues/23869/pages/2861/page.pdf<br />http://www.ebooksread.com/authors-eng/s-b-samuel-byron-brittan/the-spiritual-telegraph-volume-v3-tir/page-28-the-spiritual-telegraph-volume-v3-tir.shtml<br />http://mlloyd.org/gen/macomb/text/amsr/fedcrt4.txt<br />http://www.archives.gov/publications/microfilm-catalogs/fed-courts/part-04.html<br />http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83030213/1851-08-15/ed-1/seq-2/<br />http://books.google.com/books?id=2KERAAAAYAAJ&amp;pg=PA300-IA1&amp;lpg=PA300-IA1&amp;dq=%22almon+roff%22&amp;source=bl&amp;ots=k8LL1Vqocg&amp;sig=KSw0QEZl9uQpU9MtfaCeIm3_1yo&amp;hl=en&amp;sa=X&amp;ei=nkIeUeiBNseGyAG--oHgBw&amp;ved=0CEkQ6AEwBA#v=onepage&amp;q=%22almon%20roff%22&amp;f=false<br />http://genforum.genealogy.com/roff/messages/97.html<br />http://books.google.com/books?id=6AEaAAAAYAAJ&amp;pg=PA318&amp;dq=%22almon+roff%22&amp;hl=en&amp;sa=X&amp;ei=2jEiUbiUNamo2wWDo4HYAg&amp;ved=0CDMQ6AEwATgK#v=onepage&amp;q=%22almon%20roff%22&amp;f=false<br />http://en.allexperts.com/q/Antique-Safes-3774/2012/8/salamander-safe-1.htm<br /><br /><br /><br />Jim,<br /><br />We will start with some basic history of the safe making trade which leads up to your safe and \"Stearns &amp; Marvin\".<br /><br />WILDER SAFES<br />&nbsp; Beginning in 1830, Daniel Fitzgerald of New York, figured out how to design a reliable fire proof safe using only plaster of Paris as an insulating material.&nbsp; Fitzgerald&rsquo;s 1836 patent application was denied because personnel of&nbsp; the Patent Office were protecting an inventor of an earlier technology.&nbsp; In 1837 Benjamin Sherwood obtained a patent for a revolving interior safe, filling the spaces with plaster of Paris and charcoal. (One hundred years&rsquo; of Progress, pp396-397).&nbsp; Finally, with the assistance of Enos wilder, Fitzgerald was granted US Patent No. 3117, on June 1, 1843.&nbsp; Fitzgerald assigned the patent to Enos Wilder, who left to his heir, Benjamin G. Wilder, and it became known as the &ldquo;Wilder Patent&rdquo;.&nbsp; Safes, made using the technology in the Wilder patent proved effective against fie, and earlier technologies were made obsolete.<br />&nbsp; Commercial production of safes using the technology in the Wilder Patent, began in 1840 or shortly before.&nbsp; According to one account, &ldquo;a citizen of New York&rdquo; named Crandall Rich, associated with himself two others named Roff and Stearns, and commenced the manufacture of these safes, making an arrangement with Wilder, that if he obtained the patent, they were to pay him for the use of it, which was afterwards done.&nbsp; These parties, Rich &amp; Co., soon discovered that the composition as invented by Fitzgerald damped the books and papers; therefore an improvement was made and patent by Rich &amp; Co., the result of which has been that in the great fire of New York in 1845 property to the amount of thousands of dollars was preserved in these safes, while safes of every other description were totally destroyed.<br />&nbsp; About 1841, Silas C. Herring became interested in Wilder&rsquo;s safes, first as an agent and afterwards as a manufacture.&nbsp; In 1844 the safes under this patent were made by Mr. Herring.&nbsp; Herring agreed to pay Wilder a royalty of one cent per pound for the right to be the exclusive seller of Wilder&rsquo;s Salamander safes in New York City.&nbsp; In 1841, these safes were $40 to $250, and they were produced at the rate of about three per week.<br />&nbsp; About this time, Enos Wilder filed a patent infringement suit against Charles Gaylor and another against Crandall Rich, Almon Roff, John Stearns and Azor Marvin.&nbsp; In the second of these actions, after a protracted lawsuit, a compromise was effected by which both parties continued to manufacture.&nbsp; Also, in 1847 the owners of the Wilders patent sued Edwards &amp; Holman for producing safes from 1843-1847 that infringed that patent.<br /><br />John G. Sterns &amp; Almon Roff were both employed in the iron safe manufactory of Enos Wilder, Sterns as the foreman of the establishment and Roff as a Locksmith.&nbsp;&nbsp; They were both intimately and thouroughly acquainted with the material used and the manner in which the safes of the Wilder Patent were made.&nbsp; Azor S. Marvin was a General Sales Agent (distributor) for Wilder Safes in New York.<br />Both Sterns and Roff left the employment of Wilder to go to work for \"Robertson &amp; Rich\" (around 1843) who were now manufacturing safes built based on the Wilder Design.&nbsp; In several \"tests\" they both certified that safes built by Robertson &amp; Rich were in all respects equal to Wilders, though by utilizing Rich's Patent, the documents and books remained dry and did not mildew.<br />Sterns &amp; Marvin eventually combined assets to manufacture these safes as well.&nbsp;&nbsp; During the above listed lawsuits, Stearns &amp; Marvin eventually made a deal to continue to manufacture safes built under the Wilder Patent, paying a penny per pound royalty to Wilder.&nbsp;&nbsp; Sterns additionally had license to manufacture safes which utilized the Patent owned by Rich, so the firm of Stearns &amp; Marvin was the only company to manufacture safes which utilized both patents in their construction.<br />On the 1st of November, 1860, Stearns sold out to Marvin.&nbsp; In a separate court case at that time it was determined that Marvin did NOT have the rights to the Rich Patent, and that the firm was only protected by the license issued to Stearns.&nbsp; Marvin had to redesign his product to continue to manufacture safes.</p>",
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