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            "abstractNote": "quasi-experiment was undertaken to test the effect of Montessori practical life\nactivities on kindergarten children's fine motor development and hand dominance over an 8-month\nperiod. Participants were 50 children age 5 in 4 Montessori schools and 50 students age 5 in a\nkindergarten program in a high-performing suburban elementary school. Children were pre- and\nposttested on the Flag Posting Test, an individually administered test of fine motor skill requiring\nchildren to place tiny flags mounted on pins into preset pinholes. Students in the Montessori treatment\ngroup demonstrated significantly higher accuracy, speed, and consistent use of the dominant\nhand on the posttest, adjusted for pretest differences and gender. Effect sizes were moderate\nfor accuracy and speed (ds¼.53 and .37, respectively) and large for established hand dominance\n(4R2¼.35). Longitudinal research on the effects of early childhood programs emphasizing the\nreciprocal interplay of cognitive and physical aspects of activity is recommended. Practice or\nPolicy: The findings argue for a balanced approach to early childhood education that maintains\nthe importance of physical activity and fine motor development in conjunction with cognitive\nskills. Montessori practical life activities involving eye–hand coordination and fine motor skills\ncan be integrated into programs.",
            "publicationTitle": "Early Education and Development",
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            "place": "",
            "date": "2015",
            "volume": "26",
            "issue": "",
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            "partTitle": "",
            "pages": "594-607",
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            "DOI": "10.1080/10409289.2015.995454",
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            "title": "Examination of the Effects of the Montessori Method on Preschool Children’s Readiness to Primary Education",
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                    "firstName": "Gökhan",
                    "lastName": "Kayili"
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                    "firstName": "Ramazan",
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            "abstractNote": "This study examined the effects of the Montessori Method on preschool children’s readiness to primary education.\nThe research group is composed of five-six year olds attending SU MEF Ihsan Dogramaci Application Nursery\nSchool in 2009–2010 school year in Selcuklu county of Konya. The participants composed of five-six year\nolds were unbiasedly chosen. A total of 50 children were included in the study, 25 being in the experimental group\nand 25 being in the control group. In the study, Metropolitan Readiness Test was used to determine preschool\nschool children’s school readiness levels, B form of PKBS Preschool and Kindergarten Behavior Scale was used\nto determine preschool children’s social skills, FTF-K attention gathering skills test for five-year old children\nwas used to determine preschool children’s attention gathering skills. The tests were administered to children\nbefore and after experimentation, and it was applied to experimental group again six weeks later. Mann Whitney\nU test and Wilcoxon signed-rank test were used to analyze the data. The general conclusion of the results obtained\nis that The Montessori Method makes positive contribution to preschool children’s readiness to primary\nschool and is more efficient than current preschool education program.",
            "publicationTitle": "Educational Sciences: Theory & Practice",
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            "date": "2011",
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            "title": "International education: The International Baccalaureate, Montessori and global citizenship",
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                    "firstName": "Cynthia",
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            "abstractNote": "The International Baccalaureate (IB) programs and Montessori education both claim to promote values\nassociated with global citizenship in order to help prepare students for new challenges presented by an\nincreasingly globalized world. While the IB’s secondary programs are widespread in international schools,\nMontessori programs at that level are comparatively few. This article compares and contrasts IB and\nMontessori secondary programs with respect to the promotion of global citizenship, and explores the scarcity\nof secondary Montessori programs in general and in the international schools community in particular.",
            "publicationTitle": "Journal of Research in International Education",
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            "creatorSummary": "Vallberg Roth and Månsson",
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            "title": "Individual development plans from a critical didactic perspective: Focusing on Montessori- and Reggio Emiliaprofiled preschools in Sweden",
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                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Ann-Christine",
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            "abstractNote": "Individual development plans, which are sometimes designed as ‘agreements – contracts’, can be considered\nthe most rigid type of regulation on the individual level in the history of preschool in Sweden. Today we\nspeak about a deregulated school. This regulation seems to have changed its character, gradually drifting\nfrom school regulation to individual and self-regulation. The study aims to map and discuss the variation of\ncontent and positions for children in the documentation from all preschools in a municipality in the south of\nSweden. Documentation and individual development plans (IDP) are studied from preschools with different\npedagogical profiles. Materials from Montessori- and Reggio Emilia-inspired preschools are focused on. A\ncritical didactic perspective refers to a discussion and critical scrutiny of the structure of contents, assessment\nand position of children in different types of documentation. The perspective leads to questions such as:\nhow is content constructed, and what governs the choice of content in IDPs and documentation at the\ninstitutional and individual levels? How is content related to pedagogical profile? What identities and positions\nare formulated for children in relation to various contents and profiles? The empirical data in the study were\ngathered in 2008 and comprises text in the form of governing documents on different levels: as municipal\nguidelines, profile descriptions on the municipality’s websites and IDP forms. Tentative results show a variation\nwith both similar and diverse constructions of contents and positions related to pedagogical profiles.",
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            "title": "What Makes Mathematics Manipulatives Effective? Lessons From Cognitive Science and Montessori Education",
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                    "firstName": "Elida V.",
                    "lastName": "Laski"
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            "abstractNote": "Manipulatives are ubiquitous in early childhood classrooms; yet, findings regarding their efficacy for learning mathematics\nconcepts are inconsistent. In this article, we present four general principles that have emerged from cognitive science about\nways to ensure that manipulatives promote learning when used with young children. We also describe how Montessori\ninstruction offers a concrete example of the application of these principles in practice, which may, in turn, explain the high\nlevels of mathematics achievement among children who attend Montessori programs during early childhood. The general\nprinciples and concrete examples presented in this article should help early childhood programs maximize the benefits of\nusing manipulatives for developmentally appropriate mathematics instruction.",
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                    "firstName": "Jacqueline",
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            "abstractNote": "This essay examines the how’s why’s and what for’s of Montessori teacher training. Treating the Montessori system as an\nilluminating case of alternative teacher preparation, three concepts common to the lexicon of teacher education - culture, craft,\nand coherence - are explored in detail. Drawing both from both mainstream teacher education research and ethnographic\nstudies of Montessori teacher training, the essay probes several conceptual puzzles aimed toward reconsidering key ideas\nrelated to the development of cultural and technical expertise.",
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                    "firstName": "Megan J",
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                    "firstName": "Eve M.",
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                    "firstName": "Xin",
                    "lastName": "Tong"
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            "abstractNote": "Quality preschool programs that develop the whole child through age-appropriate\nsocioemotional and cognitive skill-building hold promise for significantly improving child\noutcomes. However, preschool programs tend to either be teacher-led and didactic,\nor else to lack academic content. One preschool model that involves both childdirected,\nfreely chosen activity and academic content is Montessori. Here we report\na longitudinal study that took advantage of randomized lottery-based admission to two\npublic Montessori magnet schools in a high-poverty American city. The final sample\nincluded 141 children, 70 in Montessori and 71 in other schools, most of whom were\ntested 4 times over 3 years, from the first semester to the end of preschool (ages 3–6),\non a variety of cognitive and socio-emotional measures. Montessori preschool elevated\nchildren’s outcomes in several ways. Although not different at the first test point, over\ntime the Montessori children fared better on measures of academic achievement, social\nunderstanding, and mastery orientation, and they also reported relatively more liking\nof scholastic tasks. They also scored higher on executive function when they were 4.\nIn addition to elevating overall performance on these measures, Montessori preschool\nalso equalized outcomes among subgroups that typically have unequal outcomes.\nFirst, the difference in academic achievement between lower income Montessori and\nhigher income conventionally schooled children was smaller at each time point, and\nwas not (statistically speaking) significantly different at the end of the study. Second,\ndefying the typical finding that executive function predicts academic achievement,\nin Montessori classrooms children with lower executive function scored as well on\nacademic achievement as those with higher executive function. This suggests that\nMontessori preschool has potential to elevate and equalize important outcomes, and\na larger study of public Montessori preschools is warranted.",
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                    "firstName": "Angeline Stoll",
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            "abstractNote": "Research on the outcomes of Montessori education is scarce and results\nare inconsistent. One possible reason for the inconsistency is\nvariations in Montessori implementation fidelity. To test whether\noutcomes vary according to implementation fidelity, we examined\npreschool children enrolled in high fidelity classic Montessori programs,\nlower fidelity Montessori programs that supplemented the\nprogram with conventional school activities, and, for comparison,\nconventional programs. Children were tested at the start and end of\nthe school year on a range of social and academic skills. Although\nthey performed no better in the fall, children in Classic Montessori\nprograms, as compared with children in Supplemented Montessori\nand Conventional programs, showed significantly greater schoolyear\ngains on outcome measures of executive function, reading,\nmath, vocabulary, and social problem-solving, suggesting that high fidelity\nMontessori implementation is associated with better outcomes\nthan lower fidelity Montessori programs or conventional programs",
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                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Angeline Stoll",
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            "abstractNote": "Montessori classrooms vary in the degree to which they adhere to Maria Montessori’s\nmodel, including in the provision of materials. Specifically, some classrooms use only\nMontessori materials, whereas others supplement the Montessori materials with commercially\navailable materials like puzzles and games. A prior study suggested such supplementation might\nexplain observed differences across studies and classrooms (Lillard, 2012), but an experimental\nstudy is the best test of this possibility. Here we present such an experiment, with 52 children in\nthree Montessori classrooms, all of which included supplementary materials at the start of the\nstudy. Non-Montessori materials were then removed from two of the classrooms, and all children\nwere given six pretests as a baseline. Four months later, children were retested to see how much\nthey had changed across that period. Children in the classrooms from which the non-Montessori\nmaterials were removed advanced significantly more in early reading and executive function and\nadvanced to some degree more in early math than children in the other two classrooms. There\nwere no differences across the classroom types in amount of change on the tests of vocabulary,\nsocial knowledge, or social problem-solving skills.",
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            "abstractNote": "The study compares two groups of students who graduated from high\nschool in the Milwaukee Public Schools (MPS) during 1997-2001. Students who\nhad participated in MPS Montessori programs from preschool through 5th grade\nwere matched to a comparison group on the basis of gender, SES, race/ethnicity,\nand high school attended. Data from the ACT and WKCE, as well as overall and\nsubject-specific high school grade point averages, were used in exploratory and\nconfirmatory factor analyses. Once a model was established, the factors were\nregressed on the students’ demographic characteristics and type of elementary\neducation in a structural equation modeling framework. The Montessori group\nhad significantly higher scores on tests associated with the math/science factor.\nThere were no significant group differences for the factors associated with English/\nsocial studies and grade point average.",
            "publicationTitle": "Journal of Research in Childhood Education",
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            "creatorSummary": "Valeeva and Vafina",
            "parsedDate": "2014",
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            "version": 170,
            "itemType": "journalArticle",
            "title": "Comparative study of American and Russian students’ attitude towards alternative education",
            "creators": [
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Roza",
                    "lastName": "Valeeva"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Dilara",
                    "lastName": "Vafina"
                }
            ],
            "abstractNote": "The article presents the results of comparative study of students’ attitude to the alternative education in\nAmerican and Russian schools. The study was held in a number of Montessori schools in Minnesota USA (Sunshine\nMontessori School, Seward Montessori School, Great River School). Methods of observation, survey, questionnaire,\npersonal interviews with students and teachers of schools were used. Questioning of American students was held in\nGreat River School. The study surveyed 100 school students. They answered questions about their learning\nexperiences in an alternative school. The questionnaire was anonymous and consisted of 14 questions. The questions\nwere both of direct and expanded character, with a choice of options. Russian students from three secondary schools\nin the Republic of Tatarstan, Kazan answered the same questions. The study showed that despite the differences in\nthe production of alternative education in the United States and Russia, among the characteristics of alternative\neducation inherent in the American and Russian schools, students noted student-centered character of education,\novercoming authoritarianism in teaching and creativity and cognitive activity",
            "publicationTitle": "Life Science Journal",
            "publisher": "",
            "place": "",
            "date": "2014",
            "volume": "",
            "issue": "11",
            "section": "",
            "partNumber": "",
            "partTitle": "",
            "pages": "821-824",
            "series": "",
            "seriesTitle": "",
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            "dateAdded": "2019-05-10T09:53:19Z",
            "dateModified": "2019-05-10T09:55:11Z"
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