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My paper contributed via this site will be subject to the �some rights reserved� terms of the CreativeCommons license agreement. Please view: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5/ for the detailed license All materials are licensed under CreativeCommons Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5 license.", "extra": "This paper aims at presenting an ongoing project on the use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) in the in-service training of primary school teachers, working in community schools in the area of Salvador Bahia (State of Bahia, Brazil). 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Its aim is to provide an overview of current activities being run in Brazil and to stress the importance of using ICTs for teacher training in Brazil in these particular years.\nThe third section presents the BET-K12 project approach in detail, in its operational part: online courses developed at CEAP and in its research part: aiming at investigate the issue of Access, Impact and Quality in the field of ICTs and Teacher Training in Brazil.", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-09-26T13:15:01Z", "dateModified": "2014-09-26T13:15:01Z" } }, { "key": "HZSRAWMA", "version": 143, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 127890, "name": "mCHW", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/mchw", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/127890/items/HZSRAWMA", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/mchw/items/HZSRAWMA", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { 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Public Health in Action 4

", "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2013-07-03T12:57:37Z", "dateModified": "2013-07-03T12:57:37Z" } }, { "key": "6DF7DN39", "version": 135, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 127890, "name": "mCHW", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/mchw", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/127890/items/6DF7DN39", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/mchw/items/6DF7DN39", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/127890/items/QGNU7TTC", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 917301, "username": "isabella.rega", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/isabella.rega", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "6DF7DN39", "version": 135, "parentItem": "QGNU7TTC", "itemType": "note", "note": "

Author Affiliation: World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.

", "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2013-07-03T12:57:37Z", "dateModified": "2013-07-03T12:57:37Z" } }, { "key": "QGNU7TTC", "version": 135, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 127890, "name": "mCHW", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/mchw", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/127890/items/QGNU7TTC", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/mchw/items/QGNU7TTC", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 917301, "username": "isabella.rega", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/isabella.rega", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Kahssay et al.", "parsedDate": "1998", "numChildren": 3 }, "data": { "key": "QGNU7TTC", "version": 135, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Community health workers: the way forward.", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "H. M.", "lastName": "Kahssay" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "M. E.", "lastName": "Taylor" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "P. A.", "lastName": "Berman" } ], "abstractNote": "The book examines the present and future role of community health workers (CHW) as part of ongoing efforts to develop sustainable health systems and improve public health. Noting that many programmes based on the use of community health workers have fallen short of initial expectations, the book draws on numerous evaluations, conducted over the past 30 years, to identify problems, explore their roots, and propose concrete solutions. Information ranges from advice on the composition and functions of village health committees, through a discussion of the effect of cost recovery programmes on community participation, to the simple reminder that programmes that were never correctly implemented should not be dismissed as ineffective. Throughout, lessons learned from past experiences are discussed in terms of their relevance to market-oriented reforms that are currently changing the health sector. The analysis is presented according to three main groups of factors known to have an impact on the performance of CHW programmes. Attitudes are considered in the first chapter, which aims to define the actions health authorities can take to improve the attitudes of health workers and communities towards each other. Chapter two focuses on the management and structure of district health systems as an area where organizational reform could have a significant impact on the success of CHW programmes. 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"Wolffers" } ], "abstractNote": "Objective: To determine the factors contributing to low performance of community health workers in Kalabo District, Zambia. Methods: In a cross-sectional descriptive study, 86 community members, 27 community health workers and nine rural health centre staff were interviewed using semi-structured questionnaires. Other methods were focus group discussions and checklists. Data analysis was done manually. Results: The low performance of community health workers is a real problem for Kalabo District. The two most important factors are the irregular and unreliable supply of drugs and selection of the wrong people to be trained for community health workers. Conclusion: Though initially implemented as such, the comprehensive approach of the primary health care project is no longer functioning in Kalabo. Community health workers are mainly valued because of their curative services. Communities do not properly follow the official criteria for selection of people to be trained, but have other considerations. Strategies will have to be formulated to rehabilitate the programme, mainly focussing on these two findings. Other factors, like inadequate community support and inadequate supervision, were mentioned by many contributors.", "publicationTitle": "Health Policy", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "August 2003", "volume": "65", "issue": "2", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "109-118", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Health Policy", "DOI": "10.1016/S0168-8510(02)00207-5", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0168851002002075", "accessDate": "2013-04-11T10:18:01Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0168-8510", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "ScienceDirect", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Community Health Workers", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Drugs", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Kalabo", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Low performance", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Selection criteria", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Zambia", 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"type": "text/html" } } } }, "data": { "key": "G6HG78QH", "version": 118, "parentItem": "UCHZNXEG", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "imported_url", "title": "ScienceDirect Snapshot", "accessDate": "2013-04-10T10:34:44Z", "url": "http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140673605670286", "note": "", "contentType": "text/html", "charset": "utf-8", "filename": "S0140673605670286.html", "md5": "9486ebdb544c85b0b68e6971fc9d8e68", "mtime": 1365590085000, "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2013-04-10T10:34:44Z", "dateModified": "2013-04-10T10:34:44Z" } }, { "key": "UCHZNXEG", "version": 117, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 127890, "name": "mCHW", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/mchw", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/127890/items/UCHZNXEG", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/mchw/items/UCHZNXEG", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 917301, "username": "isabella.rega", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/isabella.rega", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Rowe et al.", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "UCHZNXEG", "version": 117, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "How can we achieve and maintain high-quality performance of health workers in low-resource settings?", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Alexander K", "lastName": "Rowe" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Don", "lastName": "de Savigny" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Claudio F", "lastName": "Lanata" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Cesar G", "lastName": "Victora" } ], "abstractNote": "Summary \nIn low and middle income countries, health workers are essential for the delivery of health interventions. However, inadequate health-worker performance is a very widespread problem. We present an overview of issues and evidence about the determinants of performance and strategies for improving it. Health-worker practices are complex behaviours that have many potential influences. Reviews of intervention studies in low and middle income countries suggest that the simple dissemination of written guidelines is often ineffective, that supervision and audit with feedback is generally effective, and that multifaceted interventions might be more effective than single interventions. Few interventions have been evaluated with rigorous cost-effectiveness trials, and such studies are urgently needed to guide policy. We propose an international collaborative research agenda to generate knowledge about the true determinants of performance and about the effectiveness of strategies to improve performance. Furthermore, we recommend that ministries of health and international organisations should actively help translate research findings into action to improve health-worker performance, and thereby improve health.", "publicationTitle": "The Lancet", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "17", "volume": "366", "issue": "9490", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "1026-1035", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "The Lancet", "DOI": "10.1016/S0140-6736(05)67028-6", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140673605670286", "accessDate": "2013-04-10T10:34:42Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0140-6736", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "ScienceDirect", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2013-04-10T10:34:42Z", "dateModified": "2013-04-10T10:34:42Z" } } ]