[ { "key": "U8DJEQG6", "version": 2965, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 12251, "name": "ARG Research", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/arg_research", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/12251/items/U8DJEQG6", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/arg_research/items/U8DJEQG6", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 134, "username": "zachwhalen", "name": "Zach Whalen", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/zachwhalen", "type": "text/html" } } }, "lastModifiedByUser": { "id": 4074, "username": "marksample", "name": "Mark Sample", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/marksample", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "McGonigal", "parsedDate": "2006", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "U8DJEQG6", "version": 2965, "itemType": "thesis", "title": "This Might Be a Game: Ubiquitous Play and Performance at the Turn of the Twenty-First Century", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Jane", "lastName": "McGonigal" } ], "abstractNote": "", "thesisType": "", "university": "UC Berkeley", "place": "", "date": "2006", "series": "", "seriesNumber": "", "numPages": "", "DOI": "", "ISBN": "", "citationKey": "mcgonigalThisMightBe2006", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "ARG" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2010-02-21T02:28:44Z", "dateModified": "2026-02-17T03:41:35Z" } }, { "key": "V4WSN6ZS", "version": 2965, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 12251, "name": "ARG Research", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/arg_research", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/12251/items/V4WSN6ZS", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/arg_research/items/V4WSN6ZS", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 134, "username": "zachwhalen", "name": "Zach Whalen", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/zachwhalen", "type": "text/html" } } }, "lastModifiedByUser": { "id": 4074, "username": "marksample", "name": "Mark Sample", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/marksample", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Jones", "parsedDate": "2008-02-15", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "V4WSN6ZS", "version": 2965, "itemType": "book", "title": "The Meaning of Video Games", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Steven", "lastName": "Jones" } ], "abstractNote": "", "series": "", "seriesNumber": "", "volume": "", "numberOfVolumes": "", "edition": "1", "date": "2008-02-15", "publisher": "Routledge", "place": "New York, NY", "originalDate": "", "originalPublisher": "", "originalPlace": "", "format": "", "numPages": "240", "ISBN": "0-415-96056-8", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "jonesMeaningVideoGames2008", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "Amazon.com", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "ARG" } ], "collections": [ "XMMTGJ33" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2010-02-21T02:28:44Z", "dateModified": "2026-02-17T03:41:35Z" } }, { "key": "GETN6UBT", "version": 2965, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 12251, "name": "ARG Research", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/arg_research", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/12251/items/GETN6UBT", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/arg_research/items/GETN6UBT", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 134, "username": "zachwhalen", "name": "Zach Whalen", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/zachwhalen", "type": "text/html" } } }, "lastModifiedByUser": { "id": 4074, "username": "marksample", "name": "Mark Sample", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/marksample", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Kim et al.", "parsedDate": "2009-05-17", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "GETN6UBT", "version": 2965, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Storytelling in new media: The case of alternate reality games, 2001–2009", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Jeffrey", "lastName": "Kim" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Elan", "lastName": "Lee" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Timothy", "lastName": "Thomas" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Caroline", "lastName": "Dombrowski" } ], "abstractNote": "New media allows previously passive consumers to tell and shape stories together. Yet most information is still disseminated in a top-down fashion, without taking advantage of the features enabled by new media. This paper presents five Alternate Reality Game (ARG) case studies which reveal common features and mechanisms used to attract and retain diverse players, to create task-focused communities and to solve problems collectively. Voluntary, collective problem solving is an intriguing phenomenon wherein disparate individuals work together asynchronously to solve problems together. ARGs also take advantage of the unique features of new media to craft stories that could not be told using other media.", "publicationTitle": "First Monday", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "17 May 2009", "volume": "14", "issue": "6", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "kimStorytellingNewMedia2009", "url": "http://www.uic.edu/htbin/cgiwrap/bin/ojs/index.php/fm/article/view/2484/2199", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "ARG" } ], "collections": [ "PHJP2B54" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2010-02-21T02:28:44Z", "dateModified": "2026-02-17T03:41:35Z" } }, { "key": "8ZMR5HVD", "version": 2965, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 12251, "name": "ARG Research", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/arg_research", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/12251/items/8ZMR5HVD", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/arg_research/items/8ZMR5HVD", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 134, "username": "zachwhalen", "name": "Zach Whalen", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/zachwhalen", "type": "text/html" } } }, "lastModifiedByUser": { "id": 4074, "username": "marksample", "name": "Mark Sample", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/marksample", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "McGonigal", "parsedDate": "2003", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "8ZMR5HVD", "version": 2965, "itemType": "conferencePaper", "title": "'This is Not a Game': Immersive Aesthetics and Collective Play", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Jane", "lastName": "McGonigal" } ], "abstractNote": "The increasing convergence and\nmobility of digital network technologies have given\nrise to new, massively-scaled modes of social\ninteraction where the physical and virtual worlds meet.\nThis paper explores one product of these extreme\nnetworks, the emergent genre of immersive entertainment,\nas a potential tool for harnessing collective\naction. Through an analysis of the structure and\nrhetoric of immersive games, I explore how immersive\naesthetics can generate a new sense of social agency in\ngame players, and how collaborative play techniques\ncan instruct real-world problem-solving.", "proceedingsTitle": "MelbourneDAC", "conferenceName": "Melbourne DAC", "publisher": "", "place": "Melbourne", "date": "2003", "eventPlace": "", "volume": "", "issue": "", "numberOfVolumes": "", "pages": "", "series": "", "seriesNumber": "", "DOI": "", "ISBN": "", "citationKey": "mcgonigalThisNotGame2003", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "ARG" } ], "collections": [ "CZ5RQUXA" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2010-02-21T02:28:44Z", "dateModified": "2026-02-17T03:41:35Z" } }, { "key": "3FXER9BZ", "version": 2965, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 12251, "name": "ARG Research", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/arg_research", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/12251/items/3FXER9BZ", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/arg_research/items/3FXER9BZ", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 134, "username": "zachwhalen", "name": "Zach Whalen", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/zachwhalen", "type": "text/html" } } }, "lastModifiedByUser": { "id": 4074, "username": "marksample", "name": "Mark Sample", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/marksample", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Dena", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "3FXER9BZ", "version": 2965, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Emerging Participatory Culture Practices: Player-Created Tiers in Alternate Reality Games", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Christy", "lastName": "Dena" } ], "abstractNote": "", "publicationTitle": "Convergence Journal: International Journal of Research into New Media Technologies", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "", "volume": "14", "issue": "1", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "41-57", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "denaEmergingParticipatoryCulture", "url": "http://www.christydena.com/research/Convergence2008/TieringandARGs.html", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "ARG" } ], "collections": [ "PHJP2B54" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2010-02-21T02:28:44Z", "dateModified": "2026-02-17T03:41:35Z" } }, { "key": "NA88TEGW", "version": 2965, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 12251, "name": "ARG Research", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/arg_research", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/12251/items/NA88TEGW", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/arg_research/items/NA88TEGW", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 134, "username": "zachwhalen", "name": "Zach Whalen", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/zachwhalen", "type": "text/html" } } }, "lastModifiedByUser": { "id": 4074, "username": "marksample", "name": "Mark Sample", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/marksample", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Dena", "parsedDate": "2004-10-01", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "NA88TEGW", "version": 2965, "itemType": "conferencePaper", "title": "Towards a Poetics of Multi-Channel Storytelling", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Christy", "lastName": "Dena" } ], "abstractNote": "In 2001 Henry Jenkins discussed the growing prevalence of ‘transmedia storytelling’. Transmedia storytelling is, simply put, franchises: a movie is followed by a game, then perhaps a comic, website and so on. An example is the Wachowski brother’s Matrix franchise. For Jenkins each media, each channel, communicates different aspects of a storyworld. Since 2003 Jane McGonigal, and others, have been researching the phenomenological and social aspects of ‘alternate reality gaming’. Alternate reality gaming requires players to traverse websites, games, public play, SMS and so on. Microsoft’s The Beast was the first of such ‘games’ that required participation with websites, posters, faxes, hacking, chatbots and Spielberg’s film AI (McGonigal, 2003).\nAcademic research into multi-channel storytelling is at present approached from the media studies and phenomenological perspective. As yet no poetics to address transmedia, alternate reality gaming, cross- or multi-platform and cross-media of content have been proposed in academia; in addition no poetics has been invented for multi-channel single-story creation (that is: one story told over multiple media).\nThis paper provides an overview of the poetics being developed for multi-channel storytelling. It is a narrative schema intended for instructional use in story creation and literary criticism", "proceedingsTitle": "", "conferenceName": "Critical Animals", "publisher": "", "place": "Newcastle", "date": "October 1 2004", "eventPlace": "", "volume": "", "issue": "", "numberOfVolumes": "", "pages": "", "series": "", "seriesNumber": "", "DOI": "", "ISBN": "", "citationKey": "denaPoeticsMultiChannelStorytelling2004", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "ARG" } ], "collections": [ "CZ5RQUXA" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2010-02-21T02:28:44Z", "dateModified": "2026-02-17T03:41:35Z" } }, { "key": "4SMHBRDR", "version": 2965, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 12251, "name": "ARG Research", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/arg_research", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/12251/items/4SMHBRDR", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/arg_research/items/4SMHBRDR", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 134, "username": "zachwhalen", "name": "Zach Whalen", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/zachwhalen", "type": "text/html" } } }, "lastModifiedByUser": { "id": 4074, "username": "marksample", "name": "Mark Sample", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/marksample", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "O'Hara et al.", "parsedDate": "2008", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "4SMHBRDR", "version": 2965, "itemType": "conferencePaper", "title": "Participation, collaboration and spectatorship in an alternate reality game", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Kenton", "lastName": "O'Hara" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Hazel", "lastName": "Grian" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "John", "lastName": "Williams" } ], "abstractNote": "In this paper we present a study of an Alternate Reality Game (ARG) called MeiGeist -- a cross media game in which narrative elements of a story presented to players across a whole range of on-line and offline media and through which players can interact with in-game characters and events. The study looked at player progress over the eight weeks the game took to play, following their behaviours through the on-line forums, chat rooms and in-game logging of player interactions. The paper explores aspects of collective participation among players, the motivations underlying such participation and the factors that shape these contributions such as timescale of the game. It discusses too, how the narrative is produced and progressed through collective player interactions and how the experience is created through a collaborative suspension of disbelief. Different aspects of participation are also considered, in particular how a more passive spectatorship is an important experience for many players of the game. Finally the game considers how the ideal of a collective ethos among players is sometimes challenged during game play and the efforts necessary to repair this.", "proceedingsTitle": "Proceedings of the 20th Australasian Conference on Computer-Human Interaction: Designing for Habitus and Habitat", "conferenceName": "", "publisher": "ACM", "place": "Cairns, Australia", "date": "2008", "eventPlace": "", "volume": "", "issue": "", "numberOfVolumes": "", "pages": "130-139", "series": "", "seriesNumber": "", "DOI": "10.1145/1517744.1517787", "ISBN": "0-9803063-4-5", "citationKey": "oharaParticipationCollaborationSpectatorship2008", "url": "http://portal.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=1517744.1517787&coll=ACM&dl=ACM&CFID=27655947&CFTOKEN=58909698", "accessDate": "2010-02-20T19:17:21Z", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "ACM", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "ARG" }, { "tag": "alternate reality games", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "collective behaviour", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "on-line ethnography", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "pervasive gaming", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [ "CZ5RQUXA" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2010-02-21T02:28:44Z", "dateModified": "2026-02-17T03:41:35Z" } }, { "key": "89F7U7KQ", "version": 2964, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 12251, "name": "ARG Research", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/arg_research", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/12251/items/89F7U7KQ", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/arg_research/items/89F7U7KQ", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 43733, "username": "remotedevice", "name": "Jeff Watson", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/remotedevice", "type": "text/html" } } }, "lastModifiedByUser": { "id": 4074, "username": "marksample", "name": "Mark Sample", "links": { 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This article studies three ARGs connected to the TV series Alias (ABC, 2001--6), two of them launched by the network ABC as part of the marketing of the TV series, the third produced by fans. Previous research on ARGs has not sufficiently problematized the fact that many ARGs are marketing tools. While ARGs can be analysed as part of a wider context of convergence culture and fan culture, such an analysis must take into account the underlying commercial logic of popular culture production. 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Like-minded contemporaries R. 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